Hantza/Verbs: Difference between revisions

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This eight syllable word also illustrates the [[Hantza#Morphophonological_processes|morphophonological processes]] of assimilation (''-ti-'' + ''-tu-'' = ''-tzu-'') and metathesis (''-kap-'' + ''-mò'' = ''-kampò'').

This eight-syllable word also illustrates the [[Hantza#Morphophonological_processes|morphophonological processes]] of assimilation (''-ti-'' + ''-tu-'' = ''-tzu-'') and metathesis (''-kap-'' + ''-mò'' = ''-kampò'').

==Person marking==

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==Applicative==

Applicative suffixes are used to incorporate an oblique argument or an adjunct to a core argument of the verb. This also affects the person marking on the verb.

There are multiple applicatives in Hantza: instrumental, comitative, locative, benefactive and, less commonly, malefactive.

Applicatives are primarily used to shift the focus onto the oblique argument. This is especially common when, in narrative context, certain characters are being kept at the centre of the discourse.

==Evidentiality==

Evidentiality is marked on the verb by suffixation.

The division of evidentials is similar to that of the South American languages Aymara and Quechua; there exists a three way distinction. The first version provided is used post-consonantally, the second post-vocalically

The division of evidentials is similar to that of the South American languages Aymara and Quechua; there exists a three way distinction. The first version provided is used post-consonantally, the second post-vocalically:

*Witness: ''-am-'', ''-am-''

*Inferential: ''-ang-'', ''-ng-''

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-This eight syllable word also illustrates the [[Hantza#Morphophonological_processes|morphophonological processes]] of assimilation (''-ti-'' + ''-tu-'' = ''-tzu-'') and metathesis (''-kap-'' + ''-mò'' = ''-kampò'').
+This eight-syllable word also illustrates the [[Hantza#Morphophonological_processes|morphophonological processes]] of assimilation (''-ti-'' + ''-tu-'' = ''-tzu-'') and metathesis (''-kap-'' + ''-mò'' = ''-kampò'').
 ==Person marking==
@@ Line 172: / Line 172: @@
 ==Applicative==
 Applicative suffixes are used to incorporate an oblique argument or an adjunct to a core argument of the verb. This also affects the person marking on the verb.
+There are multiple applicatives in Hantza: instrumental, comitative, locative, benefactive and, less commonly, malefactive.
+Applicatives are primarily used to shift the focus onto the oblique argument. This is especially common when, in narrative context, certain characters are being kept at the centre of the discourse.
 ==Evidentiality==
 Evidentiality is marked on the verb by suffixation.
-The division of evidentials is similar to that of the South American languages Aymara and Quechua; there exists a three way distinction. The first version provided is used post-consonantally, the second post-vocalically
+The division of evidentials is similar to that of the South American languages Aymara and Quechua; there exists a three way distinction. The first version provided is used post-consonantally, the second post-vocalically:
 *Witness: ''-am-'', ''-am-''
 *Inferential: ''-ang-'', ''-ng-''