Hantza/Phonology: Difference between revisions

 
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Note that the phoneme /g/ is missing in the plosive series.
Those consonants that exhibit allophony are discussed below.


==Consonantal allophony==
==Consonantal allophony==
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===Liquids===
===Liquids===
The single rhotic in Hantza /r/ also has a great many realisations [[Hantza/Dialects|cross-dialectically]]. This could be one of [ɹ ~ ɾ ~ r ~ ʀ ~ ʁ ~ χ ~ x]. The pronunciation of /r/ can also differ idiosyncratically from the dialectal norm.
The single rhotic in Hantza /r/ also has a great many realisations [[Hantza/Dialects|cross-dialectically]]; this could be one of [ɹ ~ ɾ ~ r ~ ʀ ~ ʁ ~ χ ~ x]. The pronunciation of /r/ can also differ idiosyncratically from the dialectal norm.


As with the glottal /h/, the rhotic phoneme /r/ is also often labialised before the vowels /o, u/.
As with the glottal /h/, the rhotic phoneme /r/ is also often labialised before the vowels /o, u/.
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==Vowel phonemes==
==Vowel phonemes==
Hantza's vowel inventory is a simple five-vowel system, similar to that of many modern languages, such as Greek and Swahili. Vowel length is not phonemic in Hantza and there are no diphthongs.
Hantza's vowel inventory is a simple five-vowel system, similar to that of many modern languages, such as Greek and Swahili.


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{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
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| colspan="2"| a
| colspan="2"| a
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Vowel length is not phonemic in Hantza and there are no diphthongs.


==Vocalic allophony==
==Vocalic allophony==
In most dialects, with the exception of /a/, vowels do not undergo reduction when unstressed; /a/ is phonetically [ä] when stressed and [ɐ] when unstressed. The remaining four vowels /i, u, e, o/ are usually realised as [ɪ, ʉ, ɛ, ɔ].
In most dialects, including the Karakum, vowels are realised qualitatively different when unstressed.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 198px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 66px; " |
! style="width: 66px; " |/a/
! style="width: 66px; " |/e/
! style="width: 66px; " |/i/
! style="width: 66px; " |/o/
! style="width: 66px; " |/u/
|-
! Stressed
| [ä]
| [e]
| [i]
| [o]
| ]
|-
! Unstressed
| [ɐ]
| [ɛ]
| [ɪ]
| [ɔ]
| [ʊ̈]
|}
 
Note that this is not the case for all dialects.


{{Hantza}}
{{Hantza}}