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{{list subpages}}
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'''An Bhlaoighne Qheo''' /an bʰlaojgʰne tɬʰeo/
{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:Praimhín|Praimhín]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = An Bhlaoighne Qheo
|pronunciation= an bʰlaojgʰne !ʰeo
|familycolor=constructed
|region =
|script=Latin
|iso3=
|notice=IPA
}}
'''An Bhlaoighne Qheo''' /an bʰlaojgʰne !ʰeo/
'the special/holy speech', shortened as '''An Bhlaoighne''', is a conlang inspired by reading Irish orthography literally (for example: ''seamh'' /seamh/). It was originally created by [[User:Praimhín]].
'the special/holy speech', shortened as '''An Bhlaoighne''', is a conlang inspired by reading Irish orthography literally (for example: ''seamh'' /seamh/). It was originally created by [[User:Praimhín]].


In Tricin, it is an in-universe conlang created by Schlomo Schngellstein inspired by [[Tigol]]; in Crackfic Tricin, it is a conlang by Irish-Bjeheondian Oyffea Ni Făletbăheartec ([[Verse:Crackfic Irta/Altwiebisch|Wiebisch]]: Aoife Nie Fleitbärteig, An Bhl.: Aoife Ní Fhlaithbheartaigh) inspired by Irish and Padmanábha. Though its grammar is Standard Average Talman, its (original) phonology is less so.
It is also inspired by coincidences between Hebrew and Irish.
==Todo==
-í adjectives become -íd nouns (-īd was '-ity' in my first thensarian)
 
i gliashón = ?


An Bhlaoighne is used in an in-universe fantasy work where it is the ceremonial language of demigods in a culture called Méir Bhaonnáig. The conlang steals morphemes from [[Talmic]], [[Windermere]] (like 1sg r, 2sg ł), Irish (samhradh for summer etc.), Hebrew, Vietnamese, Camalic, Mandarin, and Indo-Iranian, but the majority of the vocabulary is a priori (read: a significant fraction of which is Earth math Easter eggs).
What does -aigh mean?


==Todo==
cleopatra, cleopatramh, cleopatraigh = ?


Make the grammar as un-European as a Standard Average Talman language can get (Irish and Hebrew count as Standard Average Talman for this purpose, but we aren't using tricons)
Make the grammar as un-European as a Standard Average Talman language can get (Irish and Hebrew count as Standard Average Talman for this purpose, but we aren't using tricons)
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* difference between is-a and is-the (only in Goidelic?)
* difference between is-a and is-the (only in Goidelic?)
Non-European Anbirese features
Non-European Anbirese features
*Split ergativity
* Turkish style evidentiality?
* Finnish-style infinitives
** past participle is unmarked, preterite is hearsay
* Split ergativity
* Finnish-style multiple infinitives
* Infinitive absolute
* Infinitive absolute
Non-European Windermere features
* Inalienable v. alienable possession (construct/suffixes for inalienable, an equivalent of "shel" for alienable)
* "muches to forgive" type cóntructions (also in Hebrew)
Non-European Naeng features
* No morphological comparatives
* No morphological comparatives
* non-definite specific articles
* Negation in complement clauses are not raised as in English ("I think not-X" = 'I don't think X')
* Adjectives are more verbal than nominal
Non-European Tseer features
Non-European Tseer features
* Possessive pronoun suffixes
* Possessive pronoun suffixes
Line 32: Line 56:
* Pluractionality: marked with a prefix?
* Pluractionality: marked with a prefix?


==Phonology==
==Prescriptive phonology==
a e i o u á é í ó ú /ä e̞ i o̞ u ä: e̞: i: o̞: u:/ + far too many diphthongs to even count!


Phonology of An Bhlaoighne:
b c d f g h l m n p q r s t x
a e i o u á é í ó ú /ä e̞~ɛ i o̞~ɔ u a: ɛ: i: o: u:/ + far too many diphthongs to even count!
/b k d̪ f g h~ɦ l̪ m n̪ p ! r s t̪ {{Welsh ll}}/


b c d f g h l m n p q r s t x
''s'' may be dental or alveolar.
/b k d̪ f g h l̪ m n̪ p tɬ r s t̪ ɬ/
 
As an orthoepic measure, a glottal stop is prescriptively added to vowel-initial words and initial prenasalized consonants: ''an mblaoighne'' [an ʔᵐblaojgʰne].
 
nn doesn't assimilate to a following velar whereas n does.


The letters 0bcdfgpqstx can participate in two mutations. In addition, m can be aspirated.
The letters 0bcdfgpqstx can participate in two mutations. In addition, m can be aspirated.


Aspiration:
Aspiration (often called lenition):
h bh ch dh fh gh mh ph qh sh th xh
h bh ch dh fh gh mh ph qh sh th xh
/h bʰ kʰ d̪ʰ fʰ gʰ mʰ pʰ tɬʰ sʰ t̪ʰ ɬʰ/
/h bʰ kʰ d̪ʰ fʰ gʰ mʰ pʰ !ʰ sʰ t̪ʰ ɬʰ/


Prenasalization:
Prenasalization (aka eclipsis):
n- mb gc nd bhf ng _ bp dq dhs dt dhx
n- mb gc nd bhf ng _ bp gq dhs dt dhx
/n̪ ᵐb ᵑk ⁿd̪ bʰf ᵑg ᵐp ⁿtɬ dʰs ⁿt̪ dʰɬ/
/n̪ ᵐb ᵑk ⁿd̪ bʰf ᵑg ᵐp ᵑ! dʰs ⁿt̪ dʰɬ/


Prescriptively, nouns beginning in sp st sc sq sm are not subject to mutation. However, descriptively they may lenite to ''sph sth sch sqh shm''.
=== Phonotactics ===
Similar to literally read Irish, but ''cht'' is disallowed.
===Intonation ===
===Intonation ===
Basically identical to our Finnish
Prescriptively, basically identical to our Czech. Stress is invariably weakly initial.
 
== Evolution ==
fh sh become /h 2/ initially and /v z/ otherwise
 
Non-initial ph th qh ch are preglottalized: ''béarrach'' [be̞ːarːaʔkʰ]
 
A glottal stop is added after a word-final vowel
 
aío in spoken An Bhlaoighne sounds like /aɟːo/, so tanaíodh /tanaɟːoðʱ/
 
ío sounds like /iɟːo/
 
ao aoi are often /au ɑy/
 
aí oí uí > Lithuanian aĩ uĩ uĩ or Vietnamese ây uy uy
 
bhf dhs = /b{{tiebar}}vʱ d{{tiebar}}zʱ/
 
Clicks become uvulars: q qh gq > /q qʰ ɴ~ɢ/
 
=== Some reading tradition (in MB) ===
''ai'' = /ai/, ''a'' = /a:/, ''ái'' = /a::i/, ''á'' = /a:::/, ''ea'' = /ea/, ''eá'' = /ea::/, ''eái'' = /ea:i/, etc. (vowels with no fada are two morae, vowels with fada are 4 morae; a component with fada should always be longer than one without)
 
''ae'' /a:e:/, ''aei'' /a:ei/,
''ao'' /a:o:/, ''aoi'' /a:oi/, ''eo'' /e:o:/, ''eoi'' /e:oi/
 
''í'' is treated as ''íi'' (because ''ío'' is /i::o/ and í is the "slender" version)
 
róisín /ro::isi::in/


== Writing ==
== Writing ==
An Bhlaoighne is written in the Latin alphabet in Gaelic type.
An Bhlaoighne is written in the Latin alphabet in Gaelic type, called "An Uathméal Róisín", because it's the first alphabet devised for the language. In addition Dheofáid uses an alphabet called "An Uathméal ___".


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
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Both the definite and indefinite articles are 'an' in the singular, 'na' in the plural.
Both the definite and indefinite articles are 'an' in the singular, 'na' in the plural.


''óis'' 'one' + plural definite and ''mhaidh'' 'some' + plural definite are often used instead of indefinite articles.
''óis'' 'one' + plural definite and ''mhaidh'' 'some' + plural definite are often used instead of indefinite articles. The full declensions are only used in ceremonial contexts.


===Gender and declensions===
===Nouns===
==== Declension ====
The An Bhlaoighne nominal system has ten declensions.
The An Bhlaoighne nominal system has ten declensions.
* The plural has the mutations in reverse order from the singular when listed according to gender.
* The gender determines the singular indefinite and definite mutations (the definite has the corresponding mutation in Old Irish, and the indefinite has an offset of +1 from the definite.)
* The declension 1, 2, 3 determines which gender has the same mutation for definite singular and definite plural (1 = m, 2 = f, 3 = n) and which gender has the same mutation for the indef. singular and indef. plural (1 = n, 2 = m, 3 = f).


First declension masculine:
First declension masculine:
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{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''fiodenn'' 'honor' - 3rd decl. neut.
! colspan="3" | ''fiodainn'' 'honor' - 3rd decl. neut.
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |  
! style="width: 90px;" |  
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|-
|-
! Indefinite
! Indefinite
| ''an fiodenn'' || ''na fhiodenn''
| ''an fiodainn'' || ''na fhiodainn''
|-
|-
! Definite
! Definite
| ''an bhfiodenn'' || ''na bhfiodenn''
| ''an bhfiodainn'' || ''na bhfiodainn''
|}
|}


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There's also a 'grab bag' class of nouns that begin with consonants that can't be mutated. The gender of a noun in this class is determined solely by meaning, and there is no way to differentiate between its definite and indefinite form.
There's also a 'grab bag' class of nouns that begin with consonants that can't be mutated. The gender of a noun in this class is determined solely by meaning, and there is no way to differentiate between its definite and indefinite form.


Construct state is always leniting; usually ''-a + L'' but can be irregular
==== Construct state ====
LIke Hebrew but unlike Irish, An Bhlaoighne has construct state but no case. A noun in construct state always lenites the following noun unless there is an article in between (should depend on declension probs). The construct can be irregular, but is regularly formed in the following ways:
*  If the noun ends in a consonant, the construct state is formed by ''adding'' ''-a/-e''.
*  If the noun ends in an unstressed ''-a/-e'', the construct is formed by ''removing'' ''-a/-e''.
* Monosyllabic open-syllable nouns are more irregular: ''dó'' 'city', construct state ''dá''.
===== Placing the article in a construct chain =====
Prescriptively, there are two possible ways to place the article in a construct noun phrase:
# A construct chain can have the article placed before the whole chain: ''an Chló Fhábh'' 'Clofabin River' (which mutates the first noun according to its declension), and lenition triggered by preceding construct state nouns is applied as usual.
# <!-- inspired by "beit-halachmi" --> Especially when a suffix is added to the whole phrase, the article may be placed right before the last word: ''Cló an Fhábhaí'' 'the Clofabian (person)', ''Cló an Fhábhais'' 'the Clofabian language'. The article's number is the number of the whole noun phrase. The article forces the last word to mutate the same way as the ''first'' noun in the chain; this distinguishes, for example, ''NOUN1 an1 NOUN2-í'' (-í modifies the whole phrase "NOUN1 NOUN2") and ''NOUN1 an2 NOUN2-í'' (-í modifies NOUN2).
 
Descriptively, only the first construction is used.
 
==== Pronouns ====
Independent pronouns:
* rúr: I
* qéiq: thou
* áix: he
* áig: she
* ár: sg they
* annsan: this
* annan: that, it
* léil: we (exc)
* dhéidh: we (inc)
* bhéibh: ye
* annana: they
 
==== Possessive suffixes ====
Noun possession suffixes are similar to preposition inflection (as in Hebrew). They are added to construct forms.
 
''pairín, pairín'' 'house(s)': ''pairíniúr, pairíniq, pairínear, pairíneannsa, pairíneann, pairínil, pairínidh, pairínibh, pairíneanna''
 
''gurbán, gurbáin'' 'cat':
''gurbáiniúr, gurbáiniq, ...''
 
If the construct form is a monosyllabic open syllable, -th- is added before the suffix:
 
''dó, dá'' 'city':
''dáthúr, dáthaiq, dáthar, dáthannsa, dáthann, dáthail, dáthaidh, dáthaibh, dáthanna''
 
Emphatic pronoun suffixes are reduplicated forms similar to independent pronouns:
* ''pairínearúr, pairíniqéiq, pairíneár, pairíneannsan, pairíneannan, pairíniléil, pairínidhéidh, pairínibhéibh, pairíneannana''


=== Adjectives ===
=== Adjectives ===
Adjectives agree with nouns in mutation, and they always take ''an/na'' (because Hebrew)?
Adjectives agree with nouns in mutation, and they always take ''an/na'' (because Hebrew)?
An Bhlaoighne has no morphological comparatives or superlatives. ''eothar'' 'more', ''eo'' 'as much', ''eothamh'' 'most' and ''ho, fa, af'' 'than (lit. from)' are used.


=== Relative clauses ===
=== Relative clauses ===
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=== Demonstratives ===
=== Demonstratives ===
* ''ann an bpairín'' = that house
* ''ann an bpairín'' = that house
* ''ann an bpairínse'' = this house
* ''anns an bpairín''/''ann an bpairínse'' = this house
** the choice of -se or -sa is determined by "bwb sws": ''ann an beathrasa'' 'this man'
** the choice of -se or -sa is determined by "bwb sws": ''ann an beathrasa'' 'this man'
* ''ann'' = that
* ''ann'' = that
* ''annsa'' = this
* ''annsa'' = this


===Tenses===
===Tense particles===
The past tense uses a finite verb form.
* present progressive: ceis, cean (with the article)
* present progressive: ceis, cean (with the article)
* future: liobh, lian (with the article)
* future: liobh, lian (with the article)
* originally aorist ("timeless"), now present habitual: fo, fon
* originally aorist ("timeless"), now present habitual: fo, fon


*''Fon cealim go bhfóina.'' /fon kealim go bʰfo:jna/ 'The table is white'  
*''Fon cealim go bhfóine.'' /fon kealim go bʰfo:jne/ 'The table is white'  
*''Cean beathra go dhxeathar.'' /kean beatʰra go dʰɬeatʰar/ 'The man is walking'
*''Cean beathra go gxeathair.'' /kean beatʰra go ŋ|eatʰajr/ 'The man is walking'
*''Cean bheathra go mblaoigh.'' /kean bʰeatʰra go ᵐblaojgʰ/ 'A man is speaking'
*''Cean bheathra go mblaoighne.'' /kean bʰeatʰra go ᵐblaojgʰne/ 'A man is speaking'
(''go''+prenasalization literally means 'in')
(''go''+prenasalization literally means 'in')


===Prepositions===
===Prepositions===


*'in': ''go'' + ''an'' = ''ni'', ''go'' + ''na'' = ''in''
*'in': ''go'' (+E) + ''an'' = ''ni'', ''go'' + ''na'' = ''in''
*'with': ''ro'' + ''an'' = ''ca'', ''ro'' + ''na'' = ''ac''
*'at': ''bho'' (+mut), ''ra'', ''ar''
*'to': ''eis'' + ''an'' = ''sa'', ''eis'' + ''na'' = ''as''
*'on': ''i'' (+L), ''i'' + ''an'' = ''ma'', ''i'' + ''na'' = ''am''
*'like': ''qe'' + ''an'' = ''xa'', ''qe'' + ''na'' = ''ax''
*'with (com)': ''ro'' (+ no mut) + ''an'' = ''ca'', ''ro'' + ''na'' = ''ac''
*'on': ''i'' + L, ''i'' + ''an'' = ''la'', ''i'' + ''na'' = ''al''
*'to': ''eis'' (+no mut) + ''an'' = ''sa'', ''eis'' + ''na'' = ''as''
*'by, with': ''ho'', ''ba'', ''ab''
*'like': ''qe'' (+no mut) + ''an'' = ''xa'', ''qe'' + ''na'' = ''ax''
*'from': ''ho'' (+E), ''fa'', ''af''
* 'with (inst), by': ''no'', ''ba'', ''ab''
* 'through': ''blí''
* 'without': ''trí''


===Inflected prepositions===
===Inflected prepositions===


I, you, he/she, this, that, we, you, they
I, you, he/she, this, that, we.ex, we.in, you, they


eisiúr, eiséiq, eisear, eiseannsa, eiseann, eisid, eisibh, eiseanna
niúr, néiq, near, neannsa, neann, néil, néidh, néibh, neanna


(originally he and she were distinguished as eisin, eisis; these forms are lost in Dheofáid)
cúr, cóiq, cór, cónnsa, cónn, cóil, cóidh, cóibh, cónna


niúr, néiq, near, neannsa, neann, néid, néibh, neanna
qiúr, qéiq, qear, qeannsa, qeann, qéil, qéidh, qéibh, qeanna


rúr, róiq, rór, rónnsa, rónn, róid, róibh, rónna
Tense particles also inflect:


qiúr, qéiq, qear, qeannsa, qeann, qéid, qéibh, qeanna
ceis: c(eis)iúr, ceisiq/cíq, c(eis)ear, c(eis)eannsa, c(eis)eann, ceisil/cíl, ceisidh/cídh, c(eis)ibh/cíbh, c(eis)eanna


Tense particles also inflect:  
éadh: é(adh)úr, éiq, éar, éannsa, éann, éil, éidh, éibh, éanna


ceis: c(eis)iúr, ceisiq/cíq, c(eis)ear, c(eis)eannsa, c(eis)eann, ceisid/cíd, c(eis)ibh/cíbh, c(eis)eanna
liobh: liúr, líq, liar, liannsa, liann, líl, lídh, líbh, lianna


éadh: é(adh)úr, éiq, éar, éannsa, éann, éid, éibh, éanna
fo: fúr, fóiq, fór, fónnsa, fónn, fóil, fóidh, fóibh, fónna


liobh: liúr, líq, liar, liannsa, liann, líd, líbh, lianna
===Adverbs===


fo: fúr, fóiq, fór, fónnsa, fónn, fóid, fóibh, fónna
Adverbs are marked with the ending -ach.


Noun possession prefixes are similar to preposition inflection (as in Hebrew):
=== Verbs ===
An Bhlaoighne verbs have only 2 principal parts: the imperative and the verbal noun. Dictionaries cite the verbal noun in the form that follows the definite article ''an''. All verbal nouns are 3rd declension feminine.


''pairín'' 'house(s)': ''pairíniúr, pairíniq, pairínear, pairíneannsa, pairíneann, pairínid, pairínibh, pairíneanna''
An example dictionary entry: "pól, an phólanna = to fall"


===Adverbs===
''xe''+L for pluractionality, combines with go to form ''qo''+L


Adverbs are marked with the ending -ach.
''Fon lachnamh go dhsianna'' 'the worker builds' (unmarked for pluractionality, but often means the building happens once or to one thing)


===Derivational morphology===
''Fon lachnamh qo shianna'' (the worker builds often/many things)
* ''-a'' (def article an lenites): verbal noun suffix
* -dhár: relating to, full of
** ceifheardhár = loving
* -áid: VN for verbs ending in -adh


=== Verbs ===
The citation form is the imperative:
xe+N for pluractionality
* ''Sia!'' 'Build (thou) it!'
** The plural is formed with ''-ibh'': ''Siaibh!'' 'Build (ye)!' This is lost in Dheofáid.
* ''Xe shia!'' 'Build (thou) them!'
* ''Aoigh!'' 'Run (thou)!'
* ''Xe h-aoighibh!'' (proscribed but common: ''Xe h-aoigh!'') 'Run, you people!'


''Fon lachnamh go xe dhsianna'' (the worker builds often/many things)
The preterite tense, which uses ergative and VOS syntax, is formed with ''cho'' + N + imperative or ''xeach'' + N + imperative:


The citation form is the imperative:
* ''Cho dhsia ab lachnamh'' (The workers built something)
* ''Sia!'' 'Build it!'
* ''Xeach dhsia ab lachnamh'' (The workers built many things)
* ''Xe dhsia!'' 'Build them!'
* ''Cho dhsia an bpairín ab lachnamh'' (The workers built the house)
* ''Aoigh!'' 'Run!' (singular)
* ''Cho dhsiann ab lachnamh'' (The workers built it)
* ''Xe n-aoigh!'' 'Run, you people!'
* Prescriptively: ''Xeach dhsia'''nna''' ab lachnamh'' (The workers built them) vs ''Xeach dhsia'''nn''' ab lachnamh'' (The workers built the same thing over and over). However, people usually say the latter for both senses.


The preterite tense, which uses ergative syntax, is formed with ''cho'' + L + imperative or ''xeag'' + L + imperative:
=== Translating "be" ===


* ''Cho shia ab lachnamh'' (The workers built something)
===Derivational morphology===
* ''Xeag shia ab lachnamh'' (The workers built many things)
* -dhár: relating to, full of
* ''Cho shia (< shia + -a) an bpairín ab lachnamh'' (The workers built the house)
** ceifheardhár = loving
* ''Cho shiann ab lachnamh'' (The workers built it)
* -aid: VM
* Prescriptively: ''Xeag shia'''nna''' ab lachnamh'' (The workers built them) vs ''Xeag shia'''nn''' ab lachnamh'' (The workers built the same thing over and over). However, people usually say the latter for both senses.
* -áid: VN for verbs ending in -adh
* -anna, -na/ne, -air, -aid: verbal noun suffixes
* -amh: agentive
* -ín: places ("slenderizes" the last consonant except -ch)
* -í: adjective
* -t(h)(e)ar: places? (from Naeng)


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
An Bhlaoighne is tense-subject-verb-object and strictly head-initial.
An Bhlaoighne is strictly head-initial.
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
Conjunctions, "infinitive clauses"
=== Fronting ===
Focusing


==Numerals==
==Numerals==
Ordinals are formed by affixing the circumfix ro-[root]-ín. (ro- does not mutate). This construction literally means "of the nth place" using the place suffix -ín.
Ordinals are formed by affixing the circumfix ro-[root]-ín. (ro- does not mutate). This construction literally means "of the nth place" using the place suffix -ín.


*0 = ''dírabh'' /di:rabʰ/ (ordinal: ''ro-dírabhaín'')
Numerals always come before, and lenite, the noun they modify.
 
*0 = ''dírabh'' /di:rabʰ/ (ordinal: ''ro-díraibhín'')
*1 = ''óis'' /o:js/ (ordinal: ''róisín'')
*1 = ''óis'' /o:js/ (ordinal: ''róisín'')
*2 = ''réix'' /re:jɬ/ (ordinal: ''ro-réixín'')
*2 = ''réix'' /re:jɬ/ (ordinal: ''ro-réixín'')
*3 = ''daobhe'' /daobʰe/, ''daobh'' (ordinal: ''ro-daobhín'')
*3 = ''daobhe'' /daobʰe/, ''daobh'' (ordinal: ''ro-daoibhín'')
*4 = ''fuín'' /fwi:n/ (ordinal: ''ro-fuínín'')
*4 = ''fuín'' /fwi:n/ (ordinal: ''ro-fuínín'')
*5 = ''seamh'' /seamʰ/ (ordinal: ''ro-seamhaín'')
*5 = ''seamh'' /seamʰ/ (ordinal: ''ro-seimhín'')
*6 = ''taca'' /taka/ (ordinal: ''ro-tacaín'')
*6 = ''taca'' /taka/ (ordinal: ''ro-taicín'')
*7 = ''óista n-óis'' /o:jsta no:js/ (ordinal: ''róistanóisín'')
*7 = ''óista n-óis'' /o:jsta no:js/ (ordinal: ''róistanóisín'')
*8 = ''óista réix'' /o:jsta re:jɬ/ (ordinal: ''róistaréixín'')
*8 = ''óista réix'' /o:jsta re:jɬ/ (ordinal: ''róistaréixín'')
*9 = ''óista ndaobh'' /o:jsta ⁿdaobʰe/
*9 = ''óista ndaobh'' /o:jsta ⁿdaobʰe/
*10 = ''óista bhfuín'' /o:jsta bʰfwi:n/
*10 = ''óista bhfuín'' /o:jsta bʰfwi:n/; ''beall''
*11 = ''óista dhseamh'' /o:jsta dʰseamʰ/
*11 = ''óista dhseamh'' /o:jsta dʰseamʰ/
*12 = ''réixta'' /re:jɬta/
*12 = ''réixta'' /re:jɬta/
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*30 = ''seamhta'' /seamʰta/
*30 = ''seamhta'' /seamʰta/
*36 = ''gról'' /gro:l/
*36 = ''gról'' /gro:l/
*37 = ''gról d'óis'' /gro:l do:js/
*37 = ''gról óis'' /gro:l o:js/
*38 = ''gról da réix'' /gro:l da re:jɬ/
*38 = ''gról réix'' /gro:l re:jɬ/
...
...
*72 = ''réix gról''
*72 = ''réix gról''
...
...
*1295 = ''seamhta dhseamh gról da seamhta dhseamh''
*1295 = ''seamhta dhseamh gról seamhta dhseamh''
*1296 = ''qaoiche'' /tɬaojkʰe/
*1296 = ''qaoiche'' /tɬaojkʰe/


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==Modern An Bhlaoighne==
==Modern An Bhlaoighne==


Modern An Bhlaoighne, or ''An Bhlaoighne do Dheofáid'' (pronounced /fl{{breathy|a}}ːn θɪvʊið/, or /fl{{breathy|a}}ːnvʊið/ in rapid speech) is the most popular in-universe conlang in Future Tricin/Crackfic Tricin and has more native speakers in Cualuav than many natlangs. Its pronunciation is much simpler and more eroded but its orthography is pretty much the same as An Bhlaoighne, which makes for some really bloated spellings, and even whole words can be silent, like "na" which serves as a noun marker in written Dheofáid.
Modern An Bhlaoighne, or ''An Bhlaoighne do Dheofáid'' (pronounced /fl{{breathy|a}}ːn θɪvʊid̪/, or /fl{{breathy|a}}ːnvʊid̪/ in rapid speech) is the most popular in-universe conlang in Future Crackfic Tricin and has more native speakers in Cualand than many natlangs. Its pronunciation is much simpler and more eroded but its orthography is pretty much the same as An Bhlaoighne, which makes for some really bloated spellings, and even whole words can be silent, like "na" which serves as a noun marker in written Dheofáid.


An Dheofáid uses a version of Square Word Calligraphy.
An Dheofáid uses a version of Square Word Calligraphy.
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===Phonology===
===Phonology===
Initially all 4 stops of An Bhlaoighne remain distinct: ''t th d dh'' become /t̪⁼ t̪ʰ ð θ/. However, posttonal t and th both become /d̪/, and posttonal d and dh both become /ð/. Dheofáid has suprasegmental breathy voice deriving from post-tonal aspirated or breathy voiced consonants: ''rámhann'' 'its homology' becomes /r{{breathy|a}}{{breathy|ɨ}}m{{breathy|ə}}n/ but ''rámann'' 'its porch' becomes /raɨmən/. Breathy and modal voice are realized as modal and stød respectively by younger speakers, however. The phonology is otherwise not too different from Brythonic Celtic languages. There are lots of vowel/diphthong mergers though some An Bhlaoighne monophthongs turned into diphthongs like í /ei/.
Initially all 4 stop series of An Bhlaoighne remain distinct: ''t th d dh'' become /t̪⁼ t̪ʰ ð θ/. However, posttonic t and d both become /d̪/, and posttonic th and dh both become /ð/ (-ch and -gh become /x/ and -gh sometimes -j or -w)
 
Early Dheofáid has suprasegmental breathy voice deriving from post-tonic breathy voiced consonants ''bh dh fh gh mh sh'': ''rámhann'' 'its homology' becomes /r{{breathy|a}}{{breathy|ɨ}}m{{breathy|ə}}n/ but ''rámann'' 'its porch' becomes /raɨmən/. Breathy voice conditions a vowel split in later Dheofáid, as in Old Khmer to Modern Khmer. The phonology is otherwise not too different from Brythonic Celtic languages. There are lots of vowel/diphthong mergers though some An Bhlaoighne monophthongs turned into diphthongs like í /ei/.
====Silent gh====
====Silent gh====
Dheofáid has vowel coloring from former gh - íogh sounds like /iw/.
Dheofáid has vowel coloring from former gh - íogh sounds like /iw/.
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===Orthography===
===Orthography===
In addition to the standard orthography, An Dheofáid uses ''Ann An Leannathaimh na Fiolltagh'' [ɪn l̪andɪm fɛl̪t̪ʰe] (Children's Alphabet) which is more phonetic. The An Leannathaimh na Fiolltagh is also a romanization but has various invented and Greek letters for sounds not present in An Bhlaoighne.
The An Leannathaimh na Fiolltagh is standard in some parts of Cualuav/Cualand.


===Grammar===
===Grammar===
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*na for nouns
*na for nouns
**an for proper, singulative and mass nouns
**an for proper, singulative and mass nouns
*do for adjectives -- it was originally a relative clause marker
*do for adjectives and subordinate clauses -- it was originally a relative clause marker
 
Number is not marked morphologically in Dheofáid. However, pluractionality is mamdatory.


==Sociolinguistics==
===Sociolinguistics===
Speakers of Dheofáid think An Bhlaoighne is pronounced like it.
Speakers of Dheofáid think An Bhlaoighne is pronounced like it.


Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/An_Bhlaoighne"