Verse:Mwtqwlqwj/Flei: Difference between revisions

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~~==Grammar==~~

'''Flei''' (exonym?) is the most morphologically conservative extant Akya-Woms language.

*SVO or SOV

*Both prefixing and suffixing

*cases and Suffixaufnahme; not Altaic

*stem changes in nouns (~~like Uralic~~)

*polypersonal verbs

*aspect rather than tense

*mood inflections for verbs

~~===Pronouns===~~

~~1st pers~~. *t, 2nd pers. *p

~~===Nouns===~~

Premise: What if a syllable-timed tonal language

~~Corded Ware had suffixes for noun cases; however there was no separate accusative case.~~

* syncoped and became an Old Irish-esque liturgical language

* it develops a Tiberian Hebrew-like reading tradition which changes the original phonology a lot

* and gets revived from a secondary reading derived from that

~~Plurals were often~~ (~~usually?~~) ~~marked by stem change~~.

Use for some sort of critique

== Morphology ==

=== Nouns ===

Nouns fall into 3 genders (human, animate and inanimate) and inflect for number (sg, du, pl) and case (abs erg gen lat loc voc). Possessed forms have unpredictable stems and comes from proto-forms that had a different stress pattern than absolute forms. The appropriate 3rd person possessed forms are used like construct state forms in possessive constructions.

~~Declension of ''*isqal'' = child~~

The locative is used with prepositions to indicate location and is the default prepositional case; when the lative is used the same prepositions indicate destination, and when the ergative is used they indicate "motion from".

*nominative: ''isqal(lë)'', ''~~esqal(lë)~~''

article nă + various mutations (also relativizer)

*~~genitive:~~ ''~~isqalef'', ''esqalef~~''

==== Possessive prefixes ====

*~~locative~~

===== Type 1 possession =====

*~~adessive~~

Type 1 possession is somewhat like inalienable possession. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''dependent'' form of the noun.

*~~ablative~~

* sèmpèlàrán > sệplă-N 'body'

*~~allative~~

* hísèmpèlàrán > isplăr-N 'my body'

*~~instrumental~~

* lusèmpèlàrán > lùsplăr-N 'thy body'

*comitative

* àsèmpèlàrán > àsplăr-N (animate)

*essive

* ànsèmpèlàrán > àsplăr-N (inanimate)

*translative

* láhisèmpèlàrán > lisplăr-N 'our body'

*vocative

* númasèmpèlàrán > nosplăr-N 'your body'

* àlsèmpèlàrán > àlsplăr-N '3pl's body'

===~~Verbs~~===

===== Type 2 posssession =====

~~Verbs had~~ the ~~following template:~~

Type 2 possession is the default possessive strategy. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''independent'' form of the noun.

~~object-STEM-aspect-subject-mood~~

===~~=Aspects=~~===

=== Adjectives ===

*''fanhu-t'' = 'I called' (perfective)

Adjectives agree with nouns, def adjectives take the def article (bc Hebrew)

*''fanhu-rra-t'' = 'I often calls/used to call' (habitual)

*''fanhu-kë-t'' = 'I am/was calling' (~~progressive~~)

====~~Personal~~====

=== Verbs ===

~~Subject:~~

Old Irish-style independent-dependent verbal allomorphy, which includes tone changes

*''tërrë-0-~~t'' = 'I stood'~~

*''tërrë-0-p'' = '2sg stood'

*''tërrë-0-0'' = '3sg stood'

*''tërrë-0-ntë'' = 'we stood'

*''tërrë-0-mpë'' = '2pl stood'

*''tërrë-0-lë'' = 'they stood'

~~Object (for transitives)~~

*''të-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called me'

*''pë-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 2sg'

*''në-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 3sg'

*''tul-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called us'

*''pul-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 2pl'

*''nël-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called them'

~~[[Category~~:~~Lõis]]~~[[Category:~~Language families~~]]

P{{PAGENAME}} rò.mátse, láh.ràmátse '3sg saves, 3sg does not save' --> ră:más, la:hrảmhăs

productive redup

==== Inflection ====

Present tense forms of ''să·kumʰa'' '3sg remembers':

{| class="wikitable"

|-

! Person !! Primitive {{PAGENAME}} !! Underlying form !! {{PAGENAME}} surface form

|-

| 1SG || ''so.kúmpa-sa-t(í), .sòkúmpa-sa-t(í)'' || ''să·kommpṡẻ, ·sủgmbẻ'' || ''să·kumʰẻ, ·sủmmẻ''

|-

| 2SG || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ŋ(u), ·sòkúmpa-sa-ŋ(u)'' || ''să·kommpṡəŋ, ·sủgmbəŋ'' || ''să·kumʰụ, ·sủmmụ''

|-

| 3SG || ''so·kúmpa-sáse, ·sòkúmpa-sáse'' || ''să·kommpṡa, ·sủgmba'' || ''să·kumʰa, ·sủmma''

|-

| 1PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-lehi, ·sòkúmpa-sa-lehi'' || ''să·kommpṡlə̣j, ·sủgmblə̣j'' || ''să·kumʰlị, ·sủmlị''

|-

| 2PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-numa, ·sòkúmpa-sa-numa'' || ''să·kommpṡnăm, ·sủgmbnăm'' || ''să·kumʰnăm, ·sủmnăm''

|-

| 3PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ro, ·sòkúmpa-sa-ro'' || ''să·kommpṡər, ·sủgmbər'' || ''să·kumʰăr, ·sủmmăr''

|}

[[Category:Angai]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-.
+{{list subpages}}
-==Grammar==
+'''Flei''' (exonym?) is the most morphologically conservative extant Akya-Woms language.
-*SVO or SOV
-*Both prefixing and suffixing
-*cases and Suffixaufnahme; not Altaic
-*stem changes in nouns (like Uralic)
-*polypersonal verbs
-*aspect rather than tense
-*mood inflections for verbs
-===Pronouns===
-st pers. *t, 2nd pers. *p
-===Nouns===
+Premise: What if a syllable-timed tonal language
-Corded Ware had suffixes for noun cases; however there was no separate accusative case.
+* syncoped and became an Old Irish-esque liturgical language
+* it develops a Tiberian Hebrew-like reading tradition which changes the original phonology a lot
+* and gets revived from a secondary reading derived from that
-Plurals were often (usually?) marked by stem change.
+Use for some sort of critique
+== Morphology ==
+=== Nouns ===
+Nouns fall into 3 genders (human, animate and inanimate) and inflect for number (sg, du, pl) and case (abs erg gen lat loc voc). Possessed forms have unpredictable stems and comes from proto-forms that had a different stress pattern than absolute forms. The appropriate 3rd person possessed forms are used like construct state forms in possessive constructions.
-Declension of ''*isqal'' = child
+The locative is used with prepositions to indicate location and is the default prepositional case; when the lative is used the same prepositions indicate destination, and when the ergative is used they indicate "motion from".
-*nominative: ''isqal(lë)'', ''esqal(lë)''
+article nă + various mutations (also relativizer)
-*genitive: ''isqalef'', ''esqalef''
+==== Possessive prefixes ====
-*locative
+===== Type 1 possession =====
-*adessive
+Type 1 possession is somewhat like inalienable possession. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''dependent'' form of the noun.
-*ablative
+* sèmpèlàrán > sệplă-N 'body'
-*allative
+* hísèmpèlàrán > isplăr-N 'my body'
-*instrumental
+* lusèmpèlàrán > lùsplăr-N 'thy body'
-*comitative
+* àsèmpèlàrán > àsplăr-N (animate)
-*essive
+* ànsèmpèlàrán > àsplăr-N (inanimate)
-*translative
+* láhisèmpèlàrán > lisplăr-N 'our body'
-*vocative
+* númasèmpèlàrán > nosplăr-N 'your body'
+* àlsèmpèlàrán > àlsplăr-N '3pl's body'
-===Verbs===
+===== Type 2 posssession =====
-Verbs had the following template:
+Type 2 possession is the default possessive strategy. It is marked by adding possessive prefixes to the ''independent'' form of the noun.
- object-STEM-aspect-subject-mood
-====Aspects====
+=== Adjectives ===
-*''fanhu-t'' = 'I called' (perfective)
+Adjectives agree with nouns, def adjectives take the def article (bc Hebrew)
-*''fanhu-rra-t'' = 'I often calls/used to call' (habitual)
-*''fanhu-kë-t'' = 'I am/was calling' (progressive)
-====Personal====
+=== Verbs ===
-Subject:
+Old Irish-style independent-dependent verbal allomorphy, which includes tone changes
-*''tërrë-0-t'' = 'I stood'
-*''tërrë-0-p'' = '2sg stood'
-*''tërrë-0-0'' = '3sg stood'
-*''tërrë-0-ntë'' = 'we stood'
-*''tërrë-0-mpë'' = '2pl stood'
-*''tërrë-0-lë'' = 'they stood'
-Object (for transitives)
-*''të-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called me'
-*''pë-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 2sg'
-*''në-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 3sg'
-*''tul-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called us'
-*''pul-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called 2pl'
-*''nël-fanhu-0'' = '3sg called them'
-[[Category:Lõis]][[Category:Language families]]
+P{{PAGENAME}} rò.mátse, láh.ràmátse '3sg saves, 3sg does not save' --> ră:más, la:hrảmhăs
+productive redup
+==== Inflection ====
+Present tense forms of ''să·kumʰa'' '3sg remembers':
+{| class="wikitable"
+|-
+! Person  !! Primitive {{PAGENAME}} !! Underlying form !! {{PAGENAME}} surface form
+|-
+| 1SG || ''so.kúmpa-sa-t(í), .sòkúmpa-sa-t(í)'' || ''să·kommpṡẻ, ·sủgmbẻ'' || ''să·kumʰẻ, ·sủmmẻ''
+|-
+| 2SG || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ŋ(u), ·sòkúmpa-sa-ŋ(u)'' || ''să·kommpṡəŋ, ·sủgmbəŋ'' || ''să·kumʰụ, ·sủmmụ''
+|-
+| 3SG || ''so·kúmpa-sáse, ·sòkúmpa-sáse'' || ''să·kommpṡa, ·sủgmba'' || ''să·kumʰa, ·sủmma''
+|-
+| 1PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-lehi, ·sòkúmpa-sa-lehi'' || ''să·kommpṡlə̣j, ·sủgmblə̣j'' || ''să·kumʰlị, ·sủmlị''
+|-
+| 2PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-numa, ·sòkúmpa-sa-numa'' || ''să·kommpṡnăm, ·sủgmbnăm'' || ''să·kumʰnăm, ·sủmnăm''
+|-
+| 3PL || ''so·kúmpa-sa-ro, ·sòkúmpa-sa-ro'' || ''să·kommpṡər, ·sủgmbər'' || ''să·kumʰăr, ·sủmmăr''
+|}
+[[Category:Angai]]