Linguifex

Gathrírn: Difference between revisions

← Older edit
Ashucky (talk | contribs)
757 edits
Updating infobox
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
|name = Gathrírn
|name = Gathrírn
|nativename = Gathrírn
|nativename = Gathrírn
|pronunciation = [gaˈθɾin]
|pronunciation = gaˈθɾin
|region =
|created = 2013
|states =
|nation =
|speakers = -
|date = 2013
|familycolor = Constructed language
|familycolor = Constructed language
|fam1 =
|script1        = Latn
|fam2 =  
|creator       = User:Ashucky
|ancestor =
|iso1 =
|iso2 =
|iso3 =
|script       = [[w:Latin script|Latin]]
|agency        =
}}
}}


Line 58: Line 48:
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; "|
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; "|
! colspan="4" |Bilabial
! colspan="4" |Labial
! rowspan="2" style="width: 50px; " |Dental
! rowspan="2" style="width: 50px; " |Dental
! colspan="4" |Alveolar
! colspan="4" |Alveolar
Line 158: Line 148:
| f
| f
| fʲ
| fʲ
| fʷ
| ɸ
| f:
| f:
| θ
| θ
Line 168: Line 158:
|  
|  
| x
| x
| xʲ
|  
| colspan="2" |  
| colspan="2" |  
| h
| h
Line 174: Line 164:
! rowspan="2" |Approximant !! <small>Voiced</small>
! rowspan="2" |Approximant !! <small>Voiced</small>
| ʋ
| ʋ
| colspan="3" |  
| ʋʲ
| colspan="2" |  
|  
|  
| colspan="4" |  
| colspan="4" |  
Line 752: Line 743:


=== Nouns ===
=== Nouns ===
Nouns in Gathrírn have three numbers (singular, dual, plural) and four cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative). There are four declensions.  
Nouns in Gathrírn have three numbers (singular, dual, plural) and five cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative). There are four declensions.  
 
The basic paradigm of suffixes is regular:
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 450px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px" | Case !! style="width: 90px" | Singular !! style="width: 90px" | Dual !! style="width: 90px" |Plural
|-
! Nominative
| -Ø || -is || -(V<sub>mut.</sub>)-Ø
|-
! Genitive
| -ur || -urh || -(V<sub>mut.</sub>)-ur
|-
! Dative
| -en || -enh || -(V<sub>mut.</sub>)-en
|-
! Accusative
| -er || -erh || -(V<sub>mut.</sub>)-er
|-
! Locative
| -on || -olh || -(V<sub>mut.</sub>)-on
|}


==== First declension ====
==== First declension ====
Line 826: Line 837:


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="5" | First declension: vowel-final
! colspan="5" | First declension: one final consonant
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
|-
|-
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
|-
! -aC
| -aCur || -aCen || -aCer || -aCon
|-
! -eC
| -eCur || -eCen || -eCer || -eCon
|-
! -iC
| -iCur || -iCen || -iCer || -iCon
|-
! -oC
| -oCur || -oCen || -oCer || -oCon
|-
! -uC
| -uCur || -uCen || -uCer || -uCon
|-
! -yC
| -yCyr || -yCin || -yCyr || -yCin
|-
! -aiC
| -aiCur || -aiCen || -aiCer || -aiCon
|-
! -eiC
| -eiCur || -eiCen || -eiCer || -eiCon
|-
! -oaC
| -oaCoer || -oaCean || -oaCear || -oaCoen
|-
! colspan="5" | DUAL
|-
! -aCis
| -aCurh || -aCenh || -aCerh || -aColh
|-
! -eCis
| -eCurh || -eCenh || -eCerh || -eColh
|-
! -iCis
| -iCurh || -iCenh || -iCerh || -iColh
|-
! -oCis
| -oCurh || -oCenh || -oCerh || -oColh
|-
! -uCis
| -uCurh || -uCenh || -uCerh || -uColh
|-
! -yCis
| -yCyrh || -yCinh || -yCyrh || -yCilh
|-
! -aiCis
| -aiCurh || -aiCenh || -aiCerh || -aiColh
|-
! -eiCis
| -eiCurh || -eiCenh || -eiCerh || -eiColh
|-
! -oaCis
| -oaCoerh || -oaCeanh || -oaCearh || -oaCoelh
|-
! colspan="5" | E-PLURAL (C = voiceless/n/m)
|-
! -aiC
| -aiCur || -aiCen || -aiCer || -aiCon
|-
! -eaC
| -aeCyr || -aeCen || -aeCer || -aeCoen
|-
! -eiC
| -eiCur || -eiCen || -eiCer || -eiCon
|-
! -oeC
| -oeCyr || -oeCen || -oeCer || -oeCoen
|-
! -ouC
| -oiCur || -oiCen || -oiCer || -oiCon
|-
! -yeC
| -oeyCyr || -oeCin || -oeCyr || -oeCin
|-
! -auC
| -oaCoer || -oaCean || -oaCear || -oaCoen
|-
! -oiC
| -oeCaer || -oeCean || -oeCear || -oeCaen
|-
! -oC
| -oeCoer || -oeCean || -oeCear || -oeCoen
|-
! colspan="5" | O-PLURAL
|-
! -aeC
| -auCur || -auCen || -auCer || -auCon
|-
! -eaC
| -eiCur || -eiCen || -eiCer || -eiCon
|-
! -eaC
| -eiCur || -eiCen || -eiCer || -eiCon
|-
! -oeC
| -oiCur || -oiCen || -oiCer || -oiCon
|-
! -oaC
| -ouCur || -ouCen || -ouCer || -ouCon
|-
! -yeC
| -uiCur || -uiCen || -uiCer || -uiCon
|-
! -aeC
| -auCur || -auCen || -auCer || -auCon
|-
! -ouC
| -uiCur || -uiCen || -uiCer || -uiCon
|-
! -uC
| -auCur || -auCen || -auCer || -auCon
|-
|}
|}


Line 836: Line 962:


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="5" | First declension: vowel-final
! colspan="5" | First declension: nasal + plosive/fricative
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
|-
|-
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
|-
! -aN
| -aNur || -aNen || -aNer || -aNon
|-
! -eN
| -eNur || -eNen || -eNer || -eNon
|-
! -iN
| -iNur || -iNen || -iNer || -iNon
|-
! -oN
| -oNur || -oNen || -oNer || -oNon
|-
! -uN
| -uNur || -uNen || -uNer || -uNon
|-
! -yN
| -yNyr || -yNin || -yNyr || -yNin
|-
! colspan="5" | DUAL
|-
! -aNath
| -aNurh || -aNenh || -aNerh || -aNolh
|-
! -eNath
| -eNurh || -eNenh || -eNerh || -eNolh
|-
! -iNath
| -iNurh || -iNenh || -iNerh || -iNolh
|-
! -oNath
| -oNurh || -oNenh || -oNerh || -oNolh
|-
! -uNath
| -uNurh || -uNenh || -uNerh || -uNolh
|-
! -yNath
| -yNyrh || -yNinh || -yNyrh || -yNilh
|-
! colspan="5" | E-PLURAL
|-
! -aeN
| -aiNur || -aiNen || -aiNer || -aiNon
|-
! -eaN
| -eiNur || -eiNen || -eiNer || -eiNon
|-
! -eiN
| -eiNur || -eiNen || -eiNer || -eiNon
|-
! -oeN
| -oeNyr || -oeNean || -oeNear || -oeNyn
|-
! -yeN
| -oeNyr || -oeNean || -oeNear || -oeNyn
|-
! -yeN
| -oeNyr || -oeNean || -oeNear || -oeNyn
|-
! colspan="5" | O-PLURAL
|-
! -aeN
| -aiNur || -aiNen || -aiNer || -aiNon
|-
! -eaN
| -eiNur || -eiNen || -eiNer || -eiNon
|-
! -ieN
| -aiNur || -aiNen || -aiNer || -aiNon
|-
! -oeN
| -oiNur || -oiNen || -oiNar || -oiNon
|-
! -oaN
| -oiNur || -oiNen || -oiNar || -oiNon
|-
! -yeN
| -uiNur || -uiNen || -uiNar || -uiNon
|-
|}
|}


Line 846: Line 1,051:


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="5" | First declension: vowel-final
! colspan="5" | First declension: liquid + plosive/fricative
|-
|-
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
! colspan="5" | SINGULAR
|-
|-
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
|-
! -aL
| -aLur || -aLen || -aLer || -aLon
|-
! -eL
| -eLur || -eLen || -eLer || -eLon
|-
! -iL
| -iLur || -iLen || -iLer || -iLon
|-
! -oL
| -oLur || -oLen || -oLer || -oLon
|-
! -uL
| -uLur || -uLen || -uLer || -uLon
|-
! -yL
| -yLyr || -yLin || -yLyr || -yLin
|-
! colspan="5" | DUAL
|-
! -aLath
| -aLurh || -aLenh || -aLerh || -aLolh
|-
! -eLath
| -eLurh || -eLenh || -eLerh || -eLolh
|-
! -iLath
| -iLurh || -iLenh || -iLerh || -iLolh
|-
! -oLath
| -oLurh || -oLenh || -oLerh || -oLolh
|-
! -uLath
| -uLurh || -uLenh || -uLerh || -uLolh
|-
! -yLath
| -yLyrh || -yLinh || -yLyrh || -yLilh
|-
! colspan="5" | E-PLURAL
|-
! -aeL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -eaL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -eaL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -oeL
| -oiLur || -oiLen || -oiLer || -oiLon
|-
! -yeL
| -oiLur || -oiLen || -oiLer || -oiLon
|-
! -yeL
| -oiLur || -oiLen || -oiLer || -oiLon
|-
! colspan="5" | O-PLURAL
|-
! -aeL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -ieL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -ieL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -ieL
| -eiLur || -eiLen || -eiLer || -eiLon
|-
! -ueL
| -uiLur || -uiLen || -uiLer || -uiLon
|-
! -ueL
| -uiLur || -uiLen || -uiLer || -uiLon
|-
|}
|}


=== Adjectives ===
=== Adjectives ===
Adjectives typically end in one of the four adjectival endings: '''-eg''', '''-it''', '''-in''' (passive participle), or '''-aic''' active participles). The first three types also form comparative and superlative forms but the last types cannot. As expected, adjectives decline and have to agree with the noun in number and case.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="6" | Adjectival declension
|-
! colspan="6" | -EG adjectives
|-
! !! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
|-
! Singular
| -eg || -egri || -engi || -egri || -engi
|-
! Dual
| -eggis || -egris || -engis || -egris || -engis
|-
! Plural
| -eag || -eigri || -jengi || -eigri || -jengi
|-
! colspan="6" | -IT adjectives
|-
! Singular
| -it || -itri || -inti || -idri || -ilti
|-
! Dual
| -ittis || -itris || -intis || -idris || -iltis
|-
! Plural
| -eit || -eitri || -jenti || -eidri || -jelti
|-
! colspan="6" | -IN adjectives
|-
! Singular
| -in || -inri || -inti || -indi || -inli
|-
! Dual
| -inis || -inris || -intis || -indis || -inlis
|-
! Plural
| -ein || -jenri || -jenti || -jendi || -jenli
|-
! colspan="6" | -AIC adjectives
|-
! Singular
| -aic || -aicri || -aicwi || -aicri || -aicwi
|-
! Dual
| -aicis || -aicris || -aicwis || -aicris || -aicwis
|-
! Plural
| -auc || -oaci || -oacwi || -oacri || -oacwi
|-
|}
==== Comparative and superlative ====
The comparative and superlative degrees are as follows:
* '''-eg:'''
** -eim
** -ied
* '''-it:'''
** -yst
** -yft
* '''-in:'''
** -yrn
** -ynd
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="6" | Comparative and superlative
|-
! colspan="6" | -EG comparative
|-
! !! style="width: 100px" | Nominative !! style="width: 100px" | Genitive !! style="width: 100px" | Dative !! style="width: 100px" |Accusative !! style="width: 100px" | Locative
|-
! Singular
| -eim || -eimri || -eimni || -eimri || -eimli
|-
! Dual
| -eimis || -eimris || -eimnis || -eimris || -eimlis
|-
! Plural
| -oim || -oemri || -oemni || -oemri || -oemli
|-
! colspan="6" | -EG superlative
|-
! Singular
| -eid || -eidre || -jende || -eidre || -jeldi
|-
! Dual
| -eidis || -eidres || -jendes || -eidres || -jeldes
|-
! Plural
| -oid || -oedre || -oende || -oedre || -oelde
|-
|}
Additionally, the '''elative degree''' is formed by adding the prefix '''nae-''' in front of the adjective in its basic form.


=== Pronouns ===
=== Pronouns ===


=== Verbs ===
=== Verbs ===
Verbs are inflected for three persons and three numbers in five moods and several tenses.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 790px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="11" | Verbal conjugation: affirmative
|-
! style="width: 80px" | !! style="width: 80px" | !! style="width: 70px" | 1sg !! style="width: 70px" | 2sg !! style="width: 70px" | 3sg !! style="width: 70px" | 1du !! style="width: 70px" | 2du !! style="width: 70px" | 3du !! style="width: 70px" | 1pl !! style="width: 70px" | 2pl !! style="width: 70px" | 3pl
|-
! rowspan="4" | Indicative !! Present
| -e || er || -i || -eth || -en || -ejh || -ed(e) || -end(e) || -est
|-
! Preterite
| -is || -irh || -a || -if || -im || -ic || -ift || -inz(i) || -adh(i)
|-
! Imperfect
| -ini || -iri || -ina || -ínf || -imi || -ighi || -int || -inja || -inda
|-
! Future
| -u || -om || -o || -us || -úms || -ur || -ud(a) || -ond(a) || -os
|-
! colspan="2" | Conditional
| -foi || -foen || -fai || -faes || -forh || -feajh || -foit || -fwin || -fodh(i)
|-
! colspan="2" | Imperative
| - || -o || - || colspan="2" | -on || - || colspan="2" | -or || -
|-
! rowspan="4" | Impersonal<br>indicative !! Present
| colspan="3" | -ei || colspan="3" | -eis || colspan="3" | -endi
|-
! Preterite
| colspan="3" | -ia || colspan="3" | -ian || colspan="3" | -ialh
|-
! Imperfect
| colspan="3" | -írni || colspan="3" | -inge || colspan="3" | -idhe
|-
! Future
| colspan="3" | -ust || colspan="3" | -uma || colspan="3" | -uvi
|-
! colspan="2" | Impersonal conditional
| colspan="3" | -fau || colspan="3" | -fois || colspan="3" | -feth
|-
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 790px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="11" | Verbal conjugation: negative
|-
! style="width: 80px" | !! style="width: 80px" | !! style="width: 70px" | 1sg !! style="width: 70px" | 2sg !! style="width: 70px" | 3sg !! style="width: 70px" | 1du !! style="width: 70px" | 2du !! style="width: 70px" | 3du !! style="width: 70px" | 1pl !! style="width: 70px" | 2pl !! style="width: 70px" | 3pl
|-
! rowspan="5" | Indicative !! Negation
| '''wei''' || '''war''' || '''wai''' || '''wath''' || '''wan''' || '''was''' || '''wat''' || '''want''' || '''wast'''
|-
! Present
| colspan="9" | -e
|-
! Preterite
| colspan="9" | -i
|-
! Imperfect
| colspan="9" | -in
|-
! Future
| colspan="9" | -u
|-
! colspan="2" | Conditional
| colspan="9" | -foa
|-
! rowspan="2" | Imperative !! Negation
| rowspan="2" | - || '''ale''' || rowspan="2" | - || colspan="2" | '''alan''' || rowspan="2" | -  || colspan="2" | '''alat''' || rowspan="2" | -
|-
!
| -o || colspan="2" | -o || colspan="2" | -o
|-
! rowspan="5" | Impersonal<br>indicative !! Negation
| colspan="3" | '''wen''' || colspan="3" | '''wes''' || colspan="3" | '''went'''
|-
! Present
| colspan="9" | -ea
|-
! Preterite
| colspan="9" | -ae
|-
! Imperfect
| colspan="9" | -oe
|-
! Future
| colspan="9" | -ue
|-
! colspan="2" | Impersonal conditional
| colspan="9" | -fye
|-
|}


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Line 863: Line 1,335:
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->


[[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:A priori]]
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:A priori]]
Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Gathrírn"