Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

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-'''Irish''' in the [[Albionian]] timeline has absorbed significant Albionian influence, and the Slavic elements even penetrated grammar and grammatical morphemes.
+Gaelic + Inuit + Hivantish + English
-==Nouns==
-The neuter gender is preserved but there are fewer declension classes. The nominative plural of masculines and feminines is uniformly ''-aí'' (by Slavic influence) and plural of neuters is usually ''-a''. and case is marked on the articles.
-*''an fear, na fearaí'' = man, men
-*''an stránca, na stráncí'' = page, pages
-*''an chathair, na cathairí''
-The indefinite article is ''den'' (from ''den'' 'from the' + Slavic *edìn 'one').
+Greekify Irish slender consonants
+Inuit words subject to Irishy sound changes
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+word order is more flexible than in Old Irish
-|-
-!
+Capital: Daomaist, from Hivantish "Dymuwistu" <- dhuHmo-h2westu
-! colspan=2| ''wylc'' (m.) = man
-! colspan=2| ''stránca'' (f.) = page
+Preserves Old Irish /θ ð/
-! colspan=2| ''sceul'' (n.) = story, news
-|-
+"What if Old Irish became a Balkan sprachbund language, losing infinitives etc."
-!
-!singular
+==Morphology ==
-!plural
+=== Nouns ===
-!singular
+Preserves a lot of case inflection in suffixed indefinite articles, via a suffixed ''áirithe'' "certain"
-!plural
-!singular
+Possessive suffices from OIr emphatic clitics? "his" is (lenition)--san
-!plural
-|-
+*nom sg. ''ech áirithe'' > ''echar'' 'a horse'
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
+*gen sg. ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-|''den fear''<br/>''an fear'' ||''fearaí''<br/>''ant fearaí''
+*prep sg. ''euch áirithiu'' > ''echru''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncaí''<br/>''na stráncaí''
+*acc sg. ''euch n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-|''den sceul''<br/>''an sceul''  ||''sceula''<br/>''na sceula''
+*nom pl ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-|-
+*gen pl ''ech n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
-|''dent fhear''<br/>''ant fhear''  ||''fear''<br/>''na bhfear''
+*acc pl ''echu h-áirithi'' > ''echuhar''
-|''dena stránca''<br/>''na stránca'' ||''stránca''<br/>''na stránca''
+Definite nouns get the OIr definite article mutations (with no preposed article) + -a(i)s:
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceul''<br/>''na sceul''
+* nom sg ''t-echsa'' 'the horse'
-|-
+* gen sg ''eichse''
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
+* prep sg ''echsa''
-|''dent fear''<br/>''ant fear''  ||''fearaibh''<br/>''na fearaibh''
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncaibh''<br/>''na stráncaibh''
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceulaibh''<br/>''na sceulaibh''
+* nom pl ''eichse''
-|}
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
-[[Category:Celtic languages]]
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
+==== o-stem masc. ====
+*nom sg. ''echar''
+*gen sg. ''eichri''
+*prep sg. ''echru''
+*acc sg. ''echna''
+*nom pl ''eichri''
+*gen pl ''echna''
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
+*acc pl ''echur''
+* nom sg ''t-echsa''
+* gen sg ''eichse''
+* prep sg ''echsa''
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
+* nom pl ''eichse''
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
+==== ā-stem fem. ====
+* nom sg ''túathar''
+* gen sg ''túaither''
+* prep sg ''túaithri''
+* acc sg ''túathnai''
+* nom pl ''túathár''
+* gen pl ''túathna''
+* dat pl ''túathaib''
+* acc pl ''túathár''
+=== Verbs ===
+Preserves object prefixes but simplifies them; only conjunct and prototonic forms are used for most verbs
+* no-m-(L), no-t-(L), n-a-(N), no-s-(N), no-n-, no-bh-, no-s(N)- (no- can be replaced with another preverb e.g. ní-)
+Get object incorportaion from focused objects?