Proto-Central Dynic: Difference between revisions
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'''Proto-Central-Dynic''' is a naturalistic constructed language made for the world of Veyn Dungeons & Dragons campaign setting. It is descended from [[Proto-Dynic]], the common ancestor to the largest language family in Veyn, the Dynic family. | '''Proto-Central-Dynic''' is a naturalistic constructed language made for the world of Veyn Dungeons & Dragons campaign setting. It is descended from [[Proto-Dynic]], the common ancestor to the largest language family in Veyn, the Dynic family. | ||
== Morphology == | |||
=== Verbs === | |||
==== The verb template ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;" | |||
|+caption | Proto-Dynic verb template | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="6" | conjunct prefixes | |||
! stem | |||
! conjunct suffixes | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
| 1 | |||
| 2 | |||
| 3a | |||
| 3b | |||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | |||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
| <small>direct object</small> | |||
| <small>adverb</small> | |||
| <small>(converb classifier)</small> | |||
| <small>converb</small> | |||
| <small>classifier</small> | |||
| <small>subject</small> | |||
| <small>'''stem'''</small> | |||
| <small>auxiliary</small> | |||
|} | |||
==== Subject and object marking ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;" | |||
|+caption | Pronominal inflection | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Number | |||
! colspan="2" | Subject | |||
! colspan="2" | Object | |||
|- | |||
! <small>singular</small> | |||
! <small>plural</small> | |||
! <small>singular</small> | |||
! <small>plural</small> | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! 1st person | |||
| ''*t- ~ *Vt- ~ *V̄-'' | |||
| ''*w- ~ *wi- ~ *u-'' | |||
| ''*ti- ~ *t-'' | |||
| ''*woh-'' | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! 2nd person | |||
| ''*n- ~ *VN-'' | |||
| ''*bi- ~ *bi-'' | |||
| ''*ni- ~ *n-'' | |||
| ''*bih-'' | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! 3rd person | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*Ø-'' | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*i-'' | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! 4rd person | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*s- ~ *Vs-'' | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*ki- ~ *k-'' | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! Indefinite | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*a-'' | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*a-'' | |||
|- style="text-align:center;" | |||
! Reflexive | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*Ø-'' | |||
| colspan="2" | ''*de- ~ *d-'' | |||
|} | |||
The [[Proto-Dynic]] personal markers gain a series of conditional allomorphs in Proto-Central-Dynic, although whether or not these changes were present and synchronic in Proto-Dynic is a matter of debate. The first person singular subject prefix has a number of different forms, for example, depending on where it appears; | |||
* ''*t-'' : After a vowel, or word initially before a vowel; e.g. ''*nitmīd'', ''*tonosi'' | |||
* ''*Vt-'' : Word initially before a consonant, or between two consonants. The realisation of ''*V'' further varies depending on the environment. It may appear as a mimic vowel of the previous syllable, or if it is word initial ''*i-'' is used; ''**i-ac-t-mugid'' → ''*yacatmugid'', ''**t-hur-si'' → ''*ithūri'' | |||
* ''*V̄-'' : Word initially before an alveolar consonant, or between two consonants, the second being alveolar. Like show ''*V'' The realisation of ''*V̄'' may appear as a long mimic vowel of the previous syllable, or ''*ī-''; ''**ar-t-tes'' → ''*arātes'', ''**t-daŋʷa'' → ''*īdaŋʷa'' | |||