User:IlL/Spare pages 1/13: Difference between revisions

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Created page with "==Morphology== ===The auxiliary=== Should be as far from cartesian product as possible. Justify with analytic constructions; relex Welsh *direct imperfect: ''vor'' ← *bō ʕ..."
 
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==Morphology==
 
===The auxiliary===
Should be as far from cartesian product as possible. Justify with analytic constructions; relex Welsh
*direct imperfect: ''vor'' ← *bō ʕar = mae e'n, ''mar'' ← *bō mad ʕar = dydy e ddim yn
*direct perfect: ''lōkh'' ← *li ʔōkʷ = mi naeth e, ''vizha'' ← *bō hašgā = mae e heb
*direct irrealis: ''zhar't'' ← *jar kʷãtʼ = lit. stands before
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Proto-Shalaian TAM markers'''
!rowspan="2"|
!colspan="2"| imperfect
!colspan="2"| perfect
!colspan="2"| irrealis
|-
! <small>pos.</small></small> || <small>neg.</small> || <small>pos.</small> || <small>neg.</small> || <small>pos.</small> || <small>neg.</small>
|-
! direct (verbal)
| ''bō ʕar''
| ''bō mad ʕar''
| ''li ʔōkʷ''
| ''bō ašgā''
| ''jar kʷãt''
| ''bãy''
|-
! question
| ''ʔam''
| ''ʔam yankʷid''
| ''ʔōkʷ''
| ''ʔōkʷ rāk''
| ''ʔam nayd''
| ''ʔam tuhar nayd''
|-
! relativizer (direct)
| ''bī''
| ''dō bī''
| ''bī ʔōkʷ''
| ''dō bī ʔōkʷ rāk''
| ''bī kʷãt''
| ''dō bī kʷãt''
|-
! relativizer (indirect)
| ''čʼã''
| ''dō čʼã''
| ''čʼã ʔōkʷ''
| ''dō čʼã ʔōkʷ rāk''
| ''čʼã jar kʷãt''
| ''dō čʼã jar kʷãt''
|-
! complementizer
| ''ʔit''
| ''dō rāk ʔikʷ''
| ''ʔit hin''
| ''dō rāk hin''
| ''napā''
| ''dō jar rā ʔikʷ''
|-
! if (real)
| ''čīr''
| ''čīr rāk ʔikʷ''
| ''čīr hin''
| ''čīr rāk hin''
| ''(ʔam) kʷid ʔit''
| ''yankʷid rā ʔikʷ''
|-
! if (irreal or less vivid)
| ''rū ʕar ʔit''
| ''rū ʕar rāk ʔikʷ''
| ''rū ʕar bō hin ʔit''
| ''rū ʕar rāk hin''
| ''rū ʕar kʷid rā ʔit''
| ''rū ʕar yankʷid rā ʔikʷ''
|}

Latest revision as of 01:03, 10 May 2023

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