Linguifex

Proto-Maro-Ephenian: Difference between revisions

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Line 18: Line 18:
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="3" | Coronal  
! colspan="3" | Coronal  
! colspan="2" | Palatal
! colspan="3" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Velar
! colspan="2" | Uvular
! colspan="2" | Uvular
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
! <small> dental <small>
! <small> dental <small>
! <small> alveolar <small>
! <small> lateral <small>
! <small> lateral <small>
! <small> post-<br>alveolar <small>
! <small> post-<br>alveolar <small>
Line 35: Line 33:
! colspan="2" | Nasal
! colspan="2" | Nasal
| *m
| *m
| colspan="3" | *n
| colspan="2" | *n
| colspan="2" | *ń
| colspan="2" | *ń
|
|
Line 47: Line 45:
| *p
| *p
| *t
| *t
| *t̂
| *tˡ
| *tˡ
| *t́
| *t́
Line 60: Line 57:
|  
|  
| *d
| *d
| *d̂
| *dˡ
| *dˡ
| *d́
| *d́
Line 73: Line 69:
| *bʰ
| *bʰ
| *dʰ
| *dʰ
| *d̂ʰ
| *dˡʰ
| *dˡʰ
| *d́ʰ
| *d́ʰ
Line 79: Line 74:
| *gʰ
| *gʰ
| *gʷʰ
| *gʷʰ
|
| *ɡ̆ʰ
|
| *ɡ̆ʷʰ
|
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | Fricative
! colspan="2" | Fricative
|
|
| colspan="4" | *s
| colspan="3" | *s
|
|
|
|
Line 95: Line 90:
! colspan="2" | Trill
! colspan="2" | Trill
|
|
| colspan="2" | *r₁, *r₂
|
| colspan="7" | *r₃
|
| *r₁
| colspan="5" | *r₂
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | Lateral
|
|
| *l₁
| colspan="6" | *l₂
|
|
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
Line 103: Line 107:
|
|
|
|
| *l
| colspan="2" | *i̯
|
| *y
|
|
| *w
| *u̯
|
|
|
|
Line 121: Line 123:
! colspan="2" | Talothic  
! colspan="2" | Talothic  
! colspan="2" | Iscaric  
! colspan="2" | Iscaric  
! rowspan="2" | Proto-<br>Fyrdic
|-
|-
! Proto-<br>Maro-<br>Stiric
! Proto-<br>Maro-<br>Stiric
Line 126: Line 129:
! Old<br>Marian
! Old<br>Marian
! Proto-<br>Talothic
! Proto-<br>Talothic
! Dalitian
! [[Dalitian]]
! Proto-<br>Iscaric
! Proto-<br>Iscaric
! Aeranir
! [[Aeranir]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *p
! *p
Line 138: Line 141:
| *p
| *p
| p
| p
| *f; *b
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *bʰ
! *bʰ
Line 147: Line 151:
| *ɸ; *β
| *ɸ; *β
| f, b
| f, b
| *b; *f
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *t
! *t
Line 154: Line 159:
| *t; *tʰ; *ts; *ťť
| *t; *tʰ; *ts; *ťť
| t, th, s, tt
| t, th, s, tt
| *t̪
| *t̪; *ts
| t
| t, ȥ [ts]
| *þ; *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *d
! *d
Line 165: Line 171:
| *d̪
| *d̪
| d
| d
| *t
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *dʰ
! *dʰ
Line 174: Line 181:
| *θ; *ð
| *θ; *ð
| f, d; b
| f, d; b
| *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *t̂
! *t̂
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| *t; *tʰ; *ts; ťť
| *t; *tʰ; *ts; ťť
| t, th, s, tt
| t, th, s, tt
| *t
| *t; *ts
| t
| t, ȥ [ts]
| *þ; *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *d̂
! *d̂
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| *d
| *d
| d
| d
| *t
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *d̂ʰ
! *d̂ʰ
Line 201: Line 211:
| *r̥; *r̝; d
| *r̥; *r̝; d
| rh [r̥], r; b, d
| rh [r̥], r; b, d
| *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *tˡ
! *tˡ
Line 208: Line 219:
| *ts; *ťť
| *ts; *ťť
| s, tt
| s, tt
| *tɬ
| *tɬ; *ts
| tl [tɬ]
| tl [tɬ], ȥ [ts]
| *þ; *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *dˡ
! *dˡ
Line 219: Line 231:
| *d
| *d
| d
| d
| *t
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *dˡʰ
! *dˡʰ
Line 228: Line 241:
| *ɬ; *ɮ; d
| *ɬ; *ɮ; d
| f, l; b, d
| f, l; b, d
| *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *t́
! *t́
Line 235: Line 249:
| *ts; *ťť
| *ts; *ťť
| s, tt
| s, tt
| *ts̠
| *ts
| ȥ
| ȥ [ts]
| *þ; *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *d́
! *d́
Line 246: Line 261:
| *d
| *d
| d
| d
| *t
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *d́ʰ
! *d́ʰ
Line 255: Line 271:
| *s̠; *z̠; d
| *s̠; *z̠; d
| s, r; b, d
| s, r; b, d
| *d
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *ḱ
! *ḱ
Line 264: Line 281:
| *k
| *k
| c
| c
| *h; *g
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *ǵ
! *ǵ
Line 273: Line 291:
| *g
| *g
| g
| g
| *k; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *ǵʰ
! *ǵʰ
Line 282: Line 301:
| *x; *ɣ
| *x; *ɣ
| h; Ø, gh [ɣ]; g
| h; Ø, gh [ɣ]; g
| *g; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *k
! *k
Line 291: Line 311:
| *k
| *k
| c
| c
| *h; *g
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *g
! *g
Line 300: Line 321:
| *g
| *g
| g
| g
| *k; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *gʰ
! *gʰ
Line 309: Line 331:
| *x; *ɣ
| *x; *ɣ
| h; Ø, gh [ɣ]; g
| h; Ø, gh [ɣ]; g
| *g; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *kʷ
! *kʷ
Line 318: Line 341:
| *kʷ
| *kʷ
| cu; c
| cu; c
| *hw; *gw; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *gʷ
! *gʷ
Line 327: Line 351:
| *gʷ
| *gʷ
| v [ʋ]; gu
| v [ʋ]; gu
| *kw; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *gʷʰ
! *gʷʰ
Line 336: Line 361:
| *xʷ; *ɣʷ
| *xʷ; *ɣʷ
| f, v [ʋ]; gu
| f, v [ʋ]; gu
| *gw; *h
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *q
! *q
Line 345: Line 371:
| *q
| *q
| q
| q
| *ħ; *ʕ
|- style="text-align:center;"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! *qʷ
! *qʷ
Line 354: Line 381:
| *qʷ
| *qʷ
| qu; q
| qu; q
| *ħw; *ʕw; *ħ
|}
|}
==Nouns==
===Declension===
{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;"
|+Noun declension
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" | Singular
! colspan="3" | Plural
|-
! athematic
! thematic
! pronominal
! athematic
! thematic
! pronominal
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Nominative
| rowspan="2" | ''*-s''
| ''*-os''
| rowspan="2" | ''*-s†''
| rowspan="2" | ''*-r₁''
| rowspan="2" | ''*-or₁''
| rowspan="2" | ''*-ōs''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Vocative
| ''*-e''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Accusative
| rowspan="2" | ''*-m̥''
| rowspan="2" | ''*-om''
| ''*-ē''
| ''*-i''
| ''*-oy''
| ''*-ō(n)''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Inanimate Nom/Acc
| ''*-d''
| ''*-n̥t''
| ''*-ont''
| ''*-er₁''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Essive
| ''*-u''
| ''*-ow''
| ''*-wos''
| ''*-ur₁''
| ''*-owr̥₁''
| ''*-uh''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Genitive
| ''*-s/*-es/*-os''
| ''*-osyo''
| ''*-oy''
| ''*-ir₁''
| ''*-obʰos''
| ''*-stros''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Dative
| ''*-ey/-oy''
| ''*-oey/-ōy''
| ''*-bʰey''
| ''*-n̥r₃''
| ''*-onr̥₃''
| ''*-sbʰeys''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Ablative
| ''*-eyd''
| ''*-er₂d''
| ''*-e-e‡''
| ''*-n̥s''
| ''*-ons''
| ''*-mos''
|-  style="text-align:center;"
! Locative
| ''*-sis''
| ''*-osis''
| ''*-eys''
| ''*-sr̥₂''
| ''*-osr̥₂''
| ''*-esr̥₂''
|}


==Lexicon==
==Lexicon==
Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Proto-Maro-Ephenian"