Verse:Mwail/Qocwane: Difference between revisions

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'''Ciêng''' (''KEE-əng''; natively: /kīəŋ/, [[Windermere]]: ''Cieng'') is a tonal [[Ashanic languages|Ashanic]] language spoken in Tumhan, inspired by Vietnamese, English and Welsh. ("What if Vietnamese were rhotic?") It is closely related to [[Windermere/Classical|Classical Windermere]] but is not a direct descendant of it.
'''Qocwane''' (''Qocwanet vŷŷxxŷcê'') is the official language of Qocwane, located in our timeline's Hungary. It is inspired by Finnish, Wakashan languages, Salishan languages, and Nuosu.


Numbers: thon, rhã, ziêu, chôi, mượr, tảy, põ, sệp, loi, thão
== Phonology ==
=== Suprasegmentals ===
Qocwane prosody is almost the same as Finnish; stress always falls on the first syllable.
=== Consonants ===
* /m n l ʋ j w/ '''m n l v j w'''
* /p t ts tɬ k kʷ ʔ/ '''p t z x c cw q'''
* /f s ɬ x xʷ h/ '''f s ł ç çw h'''
/k x/ palatalize in words with ATR harmony and may uvularize in words with RTR harmony.


whếp = light
'''mm nn ll vv jj ww pp tt zz xx cc ccw qq''' are the only allowed geminates in native words.


whì = dust
=== Vowels ===
Qocwane has 8 vowel qualities, all with vowel length.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
!rowspan=2 colspan=2|
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Front
! scope="col" colspan=2 | Non-front
|-
! scope="col" | <small>unrounded</small>
! scope="col" | <small>rounded</small>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2 | Syllabic<br />consonant
! scope="row" | <small>loose</small>
|
| z̩ '''ŷ'''
|
|-
! scope="row" | <small>tight</small>
|
| z̠̩ '''y'''
|
|-
! scope="row" | Close
! scope="row" | <small>loose</small>
| i{{lowered}} '''ê'''
| ə{{adv}} '''â'''
| u{{lowered}} '''ô'''
|-
! Open-mid
! rowspan="2" |<small>tight</small>
| ɛ '''e'''
|
| ɔ '''o'''
|-
! scope="row" | Open
|
| ɑ '''a'''
|
|}


Rhìa rít mì Whền Whết Mer = I live in Whehli (means something different with different tones)
Qocwane has loose/tight vowel harmony:
* loose: '''ŷ ŵ ê â ô'''
* tight: '''y w e a o'''


lieb "to put" ~ lliệm
Diphthongs: '''ea êâ oa ôâ ae âê ao âô'''


dưan tlẹ = to thank in Ciêng?
'''â(â)''' /ə(:)/ is realized as [œ(:)] when stressed.


tlẹ could be cognate to tănlea "to refuse", dưan is cognate to Windermere şän
''oa'' is often realized as [ɔ:]


chổi = reflexive pronoun
<!--The syllabic consonants y(r) u(r) are essentially the usual Sinological vowels ɿ ʮ, so ⟨y⟩ can be identified with the vowel of the Mandarin 四 sì "four", but they have diverse realizations. Y(r) completely assimilates to a preceding coronal except in voice, e.g. /ɕz̩˨˩/ [ɕʑ̩˨˩] ꑮ xyp "to marry", and is [m͡l̩] after a labial nasal, e.g. /m̥z̩˧sz̩˧/ [m̥m͡l̩˧sɹ̩˧] ꂪꌦ hmy sy "cloth". U(r) assimilates similarly after laterals, retaining its rounding, e.g. /l̥v̩ʷ˧/ [l̥l̩ʷ˧] ꆭ hlu "to stir-fry", and is [m̩ʷ] after a labial nasal, e.g. /m̥v̩ʷ˧/ [m̥m̩ʷ˧] ꂥ hmu "mushroom"; moreover it induces a labially trilled release of preceding labial or alveolar stops, e.g. /ⁿdv̩ʷ˨˩/ [ⁿdʙβ̩˨˩] ꅥ ndup "to hit". -->


thỏi = learn (~ snoach)
== Morphophonology ==
Qocwane words participate in consonant gradation:


rêng = net
strong -> weak
* geminates -> nongeminates
* p -> f
* f -> v
* t -> ł
* ł -> l
* z -> s
* s -> h
* x -> ł
* c -> ç
* cw -> çw
* ç -> j
* çw -> w
* q -> 0


truồng = long
== Grammar ==
{{User:Ceige/Template:Swadesh_list_207_plain|language = [[Windermere]]
Finnic-like
|wrd001=''rhìa''
=== Nouns ===
|wrd002=''sên'' (masculine), ''sểr'' (feminine)
8 to 10 cases, normal nom-acc alignment
|wrd003=''in'' (masculine), ''ỉr'' (feminine)
|wrd004=''tzá'' (exclusive), ''bàng'' (inclusive)
|wrd005=''sàm''
|wrd006=''tzôr''
|wrd007=''__ se''
|wrd008=''__ fi''
|wrd009=''rădun se'', ''dunse''
|wrd010=''rădun fi'', ''dumfi''
|wrd011=''łieng ra'', ''łiera''
|wrd012=''ra'' (in the sense of ''which''), ''mül ra'' (in the sense of ''which thing'')
|wrd013=''rădun ra'', ''dura''
|wrd014=''sngith ra'', ''sngithra''
|wrd015=''li-tănsü fa'', ''litra''
|wrd016=''die''
|wrd017=''tsor'' (preposed)
|wrd018='' mea'' (preposed)
|wrd019=''tăchung'' (preposed)
|wrd020=''łüp'' (preposed)
|wrd021=''nătha''
|wrd022=''do'', ''doan''
|wrd023=''rath''
|wrd024=''stiw''
|wrd025=''smäch''
|wrd026=''müets''
|wrd027=''șir''
|wrd028=''bruang''
|wrd029=''glep''
|wrd030=''pănuc''
|wrd031=''clef''
|wrd032=''doy''
|wrd033=''ngay''
|wrd034=''tslüs''
|wrd035=''sreth''
|wrd036=''sămeang''
|wrd037=''noaf''
|wrd038=''croth''
|wrd039=''cheth''
|wrd040=''yănił'', ''yănił sămeang''
|wrd041=''yănił'', ''yănił noaf''
|wrd042=''ăma''
|wrd043=''ep''
|wrd044=''triem''
|wrd045=''thof''
|wrd046=''rüech''
|wrd047=''thaw''
|wrd048=''tsit''
|wrd049=''lier''
|wrd050=''ging''
|wrd051=''spüș''
|wrd052=''cleath''
|wrd053=''păthan''
|wrd054=''muad''
|wrd055=''troas''
|wrd056=''cnul''
|wrd057=''ăfod''
|wrd058=''scey''
|wrd059=''yar''
|wrd060=''năfrath''
|wrd061=''păsel''
|wrd062=''mănew''
|wrd063=''răsu''
|wrd064=''prea''
|wrd065=''ăwoch''
|wrd066=''șüng''
|wrd067=''crith''
|wrd068=''bräy''
|wrd069=''pănie''
|wrd070=''spănga''
|wrd071=''fnaw''
|wrd072=''ngüe''
|wrd073=''speal''
|wrd074=''bith''
|wrd075=''cră'i''
|wrd076=''swach''
|wrd077=''gloł''
|wrd078=''troch''
|wrd079=''łădie''
|wrd080=''srup''
|wrd081=''wab''
|wrd082=''müt''
|wrd083=''flen''
|wrd084=''tsual''
|wrd085=''sme'' (''mi-sme'' = inside)
|wrd086=''blua''
|wrd087=''nel''
|wrd088=''thăme''
|wrd089=''mif''
|wrd090=''ruas''
|wrd091=''tsălaw''
|wrd092=''hür''
|wrd093=''tsrin''
|wrd094=''cișloł''
|wrd095=''mey''
|wrd096=''boar''
|wrd097=''clües''
|wrd098=''scath''
|wrd099=''tsał''
|wrd100=''tăfi''
|wrd101=''tuay''
|wrd102=''sișpeal''
|wrd103=''yat mi-snar'', ''snar'' (adjectival "knowing")
|wrd104=''crea''
|wrd105=''srua''
|wrd106=''yat mi-fănach''
|wrd107=''meac''
|wrd108=''mărit''
|wrd109=''răchta''
|wrd110=''tsüp''
|wrd111=''pgu ya-'' (''ya-'' = with)
|wrd112=''răchoy''
|wrd113=''łer''
|wrd114=''lean''
|wrd115=''thămu''
|wrd116=''yäth''
|wrd117=''ător''
|wrd118=''mătil''
|wrd119=''łămay''
|wrd120=''lut''
|wrd121=''seaf''
|wrd122=''drel''
|wrd123=''tol'' (to be lying)
|wrd124=''dur'' (to be sitting)
|wrd125=''plang'' (to be standing)
|wrd126=''crămats''
|wrd127=''łăpaw''
|wrd128=''rüe''
|wrd129=''cwił''
|wrd130=''flie''
|wrd131=''thăned''
|wrd132=''tișrü''
|wrd133=''ieth''
|wrd134=''scaw''
|wrd135=''tsoy''
|wrd136=''trăchin''
|wrd137=''măreth''
|wrd138=''clea''
|wrd139=''nung''
|wrd140=''ngil''
|wrd141=''ngichnur''
|wrd142=''tmus''
|wrd143=''eaf''
|wrd144=''smin''
|wrd145=''răbo''
|wrd146=''cnuș''
|wrd147=''nieth''
|wrd148=''chad''
|wrd149=''scie''
|wrd150=''blon''
|wrd151=''trămäy''
|wrd152=''yoch''
|wrd153=''păträng''
|wrd154=''chlem''
|wrd155=''măruth''
|wrd156=''căthin''
|wrd157=''tăfis''
|wrd158=''wib''
|wrd159=''snüe''
|wrd160=''pich''
|wrd161=''yănif''
|wrd162=''häm''
|wrd163=''păłoa''
|wrd164=''măchup''
|wrd165=''thănam''
|wrd166=''yul''
|wrd167=''sä''
|wrd168=''roath''
|wrd169=''păngud''
|wrd170=''năsum''
|wrd171=''sngar''
|wrd172=''ăthaw''
|wrd173=''leth''
|wrd174=''cwie''
|wrd175=''feas''
|wrd176=''cdos''
|wrd177=''len''
|wrd178=''fnüd''
|wrd179=''lă'och''
|wrd180=''sieth''
|wrd181=''ier''
|wrd182=''tam''
|wrd183=''mălem''
|wrd184=''peth''
|wrd185=''to''
|wrd186=''chil''
|wrd187=''tălich''
|wrd188=''crath''
|wrd189=''glan''
|wrd190=''fădua''
|wrd191=''cămua''
|wrd192=''snaf''
|wrd193=''cluang''
|wrd194=''frim''
|wrd195=''uar''
|wrd196=''eth''
|wrd197=''cărit''
|wrd198=''yem''
|wrd199=''tsil''
|wrd200=''smoy''
|wrd201=''mi-''
|wrd202=''mismä''
|wrd203=''ya-''
|wrd204=''te''
|wrd205=''srüe''
|wrd206=''tsin''
|wrd207=''chum''
}}


==Phonology==
TODO
===Consonants===
[weak grade]-l = nom pl
'''m n ng''' /m n ŋ/
[weak grade]-t = gen sg


'''p t tr tl c qu''' /p t tʂ tl k kw ʔ/ (/ʔ/ not written)


'''ph th ch wh''' /f θ χ χw/
naaqe 'human’, naaet 'human-GEN’, naael 'human-PL'
 
'''z s rh ll h''' /s ʃ ʂ~r̥ (Welsh ll) h/
 
'''tz ts''' /ts tʃ/
 
'''r l d''' /r l j/
 
===Vowels===
'''ă a â e ê i o ô ơ u ư ao eo êu aư ai oi ôi ia/iê iêu ua/uô uôi ăr ar er ir or ur âr''' /a ɑ: ɜ ɛ e~ɪ~ɛɪ i~ɪj ɔ o~oʊ ɵ~əʏ u: ɨ: aʊ ɛʊ eʊ aʏ aɪ ɔɪ oɪ iə iəw uə uəj + rhotic vowels/
 
===Tones===
6 tones of Viet

Latest revision as of 10:41, 24 June 2025

Qocwane (Qocwanet vŷŷxxŷcê) is the official language of Qocwane, located in our timeline's Hungary. It is inspired by Finnish, Wakashan languages, Salishan languages, and Nuosu.

Phonology

Suprasegmentals

Qocwane prosody is almost the same as Finnish; stress always falls on the first syllable.

Consonants

  • /m n l ʋ j w/ m n l v j w
  • /p t ts tɬ k kʷ ʔ/ p t z x c cw q
  • /f s ɬ x xʷ h/ f s ł ç çw h

/k x/ palatalize in words with ATR harmony and may uvularize in words with RTR harmony.

mm nn ll vv jj ww pp tt zz xx cc ccw qq are the only allowed geminates in native words.

Vowels

Qocwane has 8 vowel qualities, all with vowel length.

Front Non-front
unrounded rounded
Syllabic
consonant 		loose z̩ ŷ
tight z̠̩ y
Close loose i̞ ê ə̟ â u̞ ô
Open-mid tight ɛ e ɔ o
Open ɑ a

Qocwane has loose/tight vowel harmony:

  • loose: ŷ ŵ ê â ô
  • tight: y w e a o

Diphthongs: ea êâ oa ôâ ae âê ao âô

â(â) /ə(:)/ is realized as [œ(:)] when stressed.

oa is often realized as [ɔ:]


Morphophonology

Qocwane words participate in consonant gradation:

strong -> weak

  • geminates -> nongeminates
  • p -> f
  • f -> v
  • t -> ł
  • ł -> l
  • z -> s
  • s -> h
  • x -> ł
  • c -> ç
  • cw -> çw
  • ç -> j
  • çw -> w
  • q -> 0

Grammar

Finnic-like

Nouns

8 to 10 cases, normal nom-acc alignment

TODO [weak grade]-l = nom pl [weak grade]-t = gen sg


naaqe 'human’, naaet 'human-GEN’, naael 'human-PL'

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