Linguifex

User:IlL/Spare pages 1/40: Difference between revisions

← Older edit
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,262 edits
mNo edit summary
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,262 edits
m IlL moved page User:IlL/Spare pages 1-99/40 to User:IlL/Spare pages 1/40 without leaving a redirect
 
(140 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{DEFAULTSORT:English, IlL}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:English, IlL}}
The following is the pronunciation standard I aspire to; it is somewhat Philadelphian but also has other influences.


This is the pronunciation standard I aspire to; it can be described as "slightly poshed-up Philadelphian".
TODO: still editing
{{IPA keys}}
{{IPA keys}}
{| style="background:none"
{| style="background:none"
Line 19: Line 17:
|-
|-
|<big>d</big>
|<big>d</big>
| align=left|'''d'''ye, ca'''d''', '''d'''o, a'''dd'''ed
| align=left|'''d'''ye, ca'''d''', '''d'''o, '''d'''ue, a'''dd'''ed, '''d'''rink
|-
|-
|<big>ð</big>
|<big>ð</big>
Line 25: Line 23:
|-
|-
|<big>d͡ʒ</big>
|<big>d͡ʒ</big>
| align=left|'''g'''iant, ba'''dge''', '''j'''am, '''d'''ue, '''d'''rink
| align=left|'''g'''iant, ba'''dge''', '''j'''am
|-
|-
|<big>f</big>
|<big>f</big>
Line 59: Line 57:
|<big>ŋ</big>
|<big>ŋ</big>
| align=left|sa'''ng''', tha'''n'''k, si'''n'''king, runni'''ng'''
| align=left|sa'''ng''', tha'''n'''k, si'''n'''king, runni'''ng'''
|-
|<big>ŋɡ</big>
| align=left|fi'''ng'''er, a'''ng'''er, si'''ng'''er
|-
|-
|<big>θ</big>
|<big>θ</big>
Line 76: Line 71:
|-
|-
|<big>ʃ</big>
|<big>ʃ</big>
| align=left|'''sh'''y, ca'''sh''', emo'''ti'''on, '''s'''tupid
| align=left|'''sh'''y, ca'''sh''', emo'''ti'''on
|-
|-
|<big>t; tʰ</big>
|<big>t; tʰ</big>
| align=left|s'''t'''y, ca'''t''', a'''t'''om; '''t'''ime, '''t'''on
| align=left|s'''t'''y, ca'''t''', '''t'''ime, '''t'''on, '''t'''une
|-
|<big>ɾ</big>
| align=left|pa'''tt'''y, migh'''t'''y
|-
|-
|<big>t͡ʃ; t͡ʃʰ</big>
|<big>t͡ʃ; t͡ʃʰ</big>
| align=left|<span style="font-style: normal; ">ca</span>'''tch''', '''t'''rack, Por'''t'''ugal;<span style="border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-style: normal; "> </span>'''Ch'''ina, '''t'''une
| align=left|<span style="font-style: normal; ">ca</span>'''tch''', Por'''t'''ugal;<span style="border-style: initial; border-color: initial; font-style: normal; "> </span>'''Ch'''ina
|-
|-
|<big>v</big>
|<big>v</big>
Line 100: Line 98:
|-
|-
|<big>ʔ</big>
|<big>ʔ</big>
| align=left|uh'''-'''oh
| align=left|uh'''-'''oh, ki'''tt'''en
|}
|}
| valign="top" |
| valign="top" |
Line 106: Line 104:
! colspan="4"| [[wikipedia:Vowel|Vowels]]
! colspan="4"| [[wikipedia:Vowel|Vowels]]
|-
|-
! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !! [[wikipedia:Vowel length|short]] !! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !![[wikipedia:Vowel length|long]]
! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !! lax !! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !! tense
|-
|-
|<big>æ</big>
|<big>æ~a</big>
| align=left|tr'''a'''p, p'''a'''d, l'''au'''gh
| align=left|tr'''a'''p, p'''a'''d, m'''a'''rry, line'''a'''rity, '''a'''nimal, d'''a'''mage, dyn'''a'''mic, p'''a'''ssive, t'''a'''ffy, p'''a'''thos
|<big>ɑː</big>
|<big>eə̯</big>
| align=left|p'''a'''lm, f'''a'''ther, d'''o'''t, c'''a'''n't (emphatic)
| align=left|'''a'''nt, c'''a'''mp, f'''a'''mily, h'''a'''lf, cr'''a'''ft, p'''a'''ss, l'''a'''st, b'''a'''th (see below)
|-
|-
| <big>ɛ</big>
| <big>ɛ</big>
Line 118: Line 116:
|<big>ɪ</big>
|<big>ɪ</big>
| align=left|k'''i'''ll, l'''i'''d, b'''i'''n, s'''y'''stem
| align=left|k'''i'''ll, l'''i'''d, b'''i'''n, s'''y'''stem
|<big>iː</big>
|<big>i</big>
| align=left|fl'''ea''', s'''ee'''d, rec'''ei'''ve, ach'''ie'''ve, encyclop'''e'''dia, f'''e'''tus, J'''e'''sus
| align=left|s'''ee'''d, rec'''ei'''ve, ach'''ie'''ve, encyclop'''e'''dia, f'''e'''tus, J'''e'''sus, happ'''y'''
|-
|-
|<big>o~oə</big>
|<big>ɑ~ɒ</big>
| align=left|th'''ough'''t, d'''aw'''n, f'''a'''ll, c'''or'''n
| align=left|p'''a'''lm, f'''a'''ther, p'''a'''sta, d'''o'''t, '''o'''range
|<big>oə~ʊə</big>
| align=left|th'''ough'''t, d'''aw'''n, f'''a'''ll, p'''o'''le, '''o'''ff, l'''o'''ss, c'''o'''st, cl'''o'''th, d'''o'''g, l'''o'''ng, '''o'''n (see CLOTH words below)
|-
|-
|<big>ʊ</big>
|<big>ʊ</big>
| align=left|g'''oo'''d, m'''u'''d, w'''o'''man, y'''ou'''ng
| align=left|g'''oo'''d, w'''o'''man, f'''oo'''l, p'''u'''ll
|<big>ʉː; jʉː</big>
|<big>ʉ; jʉ</big>
| align=left|f'''oo'''d, ch'''ew''', d'''o''', thr'''ough'''; c'''u'''te, qu'''eue''', '''you''', n'''eu'''tral
| align=left|f'''oo'''d, ch'''ew''', d'''o''', thr'''ough'''; c'''u'''te, qu'''eue''', '''you''', n'''eu'''tral
|-
|<big>ɤ~ʌ~ə</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left| m'''u'''d, y'''ou'''ng, h'''u'''rry, t'''u'''rret, c'''u'''rrent, c'''u'''ll, g'''u'''llet
|-
|-
|<big>ə</big>
|<big>ə</big>
| align=left|comm'''a''', '''a'''ssume,
|! colspan="3" align=left|comm'''a''', '''a'''ssume
|
| align=left|b'''ir'''d, f'''ur'''ry, w'''or'''d
|-
|-
! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !! [[wikipedia:Diphthong|diphthongs]]  !! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]] !![[wikipedia:Triphthong|triphthongs]]
! [[wikipedia:Help:IPA|IPA]]  
!colspan="3" align=left| Diphthongs and rhotic vowels
|-
|-
|<big>aɪ̯</big>
|<big>ɑj</big>
| align=left|r'''i'''de, p'''i'''le, '''I''', d'''ye''', b'''uy'''
| align=left|r'''i'''de, p'''i'''le, '''I''', d'''ye''', b'''uy'''
|<big>aɪ̯ə</big>
|<big>ʌj</big>
| align=left|h'''ire''', '''Ire'''land, ch'''oir''', b'''uyer'''
| align=left|sp'''i'''der, t'''igh'''t, t'''y'''pe
|-
|<big>ɑɚ</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|c'''ar''', y'''ar'''d
|-
|-
|<big>aʊ̯</big>
|<big>æw</big>
| align=left|c'''ow''', l'''ou'''d, b'''ough'''
|! colspan="3" align=left|c'''ow''', l'''ou'''d, b'''ough'''
|<big>aʊ̯ə</big>
| align=left|'''hour''', sh'''ower''', d'''our'''
|-
|-
|<big>ɛə̯</big>
|<big>ɛj</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|'''air''', c'''are''', b'''ear''', m'''ayor''', wh'''ere''', f'''a'''re
| align=left|s'''ay''', r'''ay'''s, v'''ague'''
|<big>ɪj</big>
| align=left| n'''a'''me, p'''ai'''n, w'''eigh'''t, r'''ai'''se, fl'''ea'''
|-
|-
|<big>eɪ̯</big>
|<big>eɚ</big>
| align=left|b'''ay''', n'''a'''me, p'''ai'''n, w'''eigh'''t
|! colspan="3" align=left|c'''are''', f'''air'''y, authorit'''ar'''ian
|<big>eɪ̯ə</big>
| align=left|betr'''aya'''l, Mal'''aya'''n
|-
|-
|<big>ɪə̯</big>
|<big>iɚ</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|b'''eer''', f'''ear''', s'''e'''rious, f'''ier'''ce, b'''ear'''d, h'''ere'''
|! colspan="3" align=left|b'''eer''', f'''ear''', s'''e'''rious, f'''ier'''ce, b'''ear'''d, h'''ere'''
|-
|-
|<big>ɔɪ̯</big>
|<big>oj~ʊj</big>
| align=left|ch'''oi'''ce, t'''oy''', c'''oi'''n
|! colspan="3" align=left|ch'''oi'''ce, t'''oy''', c'''oi'''n
|<big>ɔɪ̯ə</big>
|-
| align=left|empl'''oyer''', l'''awyer''', destr'''oyer'''
|<big>əw</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|b'''o'''ne, g'''o''', g'''oa'''t, bl'''ow'''
|-
|<big>oɚ~ʊɚ</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|n'''or'''th, c'''ore''', p'''oor'''
|-
|<big>joɚ</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|c'''ure''', p'''ure'''
|-
|<big>ɚ</big>
|! colspan="3" align=left|f'''ur''', lett'''er'''
|-
|-
|<big>əʊ̯</big>
| align=left|b'''o'''ne, g'''o''', g'''oa'''t, bl'''ow'''
|<big>əʊ̯ə</big>
| align=left|m'''ower''', b'''oa''', N'''oah'''
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | [[wikipedia:Syllabic consonant|Syllabic consonants]]
! colspan="4" | [[wikipedia:Syllabic consonant|Syllabic consonants]]
Line 179: Line 188:
|}
|}
|}
|}
==Additional tense-A words==
*/æ/ before /m n f s θ/ in closed syllables, except ''am, and, can (verb), began, ran, swam'', in words that are not abbreviations of words with lax /æ/
**e.g. ''answer, ant, can't, trample, example, half, mass, past, bath''
*''calve, halve''
*''castle, fasten, raspberry''
*''glad, mad''
==CLOTH words==
*cough, doff, off, scoff, toff, trough, often
*croft, loft, oft, soft, toft
*coffer, offer, proffer
*office, coffee, toffee
*across, boss, cross, doss, dross, emboss, floss, fosse, gloss, hoss, lacrosse, loss, moss, Ross, toss
*Boston, foster, cost, frost, lost
*broth, cloth, froth, moth, sloth, wroth
*along, belong, long, oblong, song, strong, thong, throng, tong, wrong
*dog
*on and words with it: e.g. onward(s), onto, upon, thereon, whereon, hereon
Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/User:IlL/Spare_pages_1/40"