Contionary:vasa: Difference between revisions

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==[[Jugsnorsk]]==
==[[Jugsnorsk]]==
===Etymology===
===Etymology===
Inherited from [[Varhúsnorsk]] {{term|vęja}}, from {{der|jugs|non|vera}} (Eastern ''wæʀa'')
Inherited from {{der|jugs|vhus|węsa}}, from {{der|jugs|vhus|wæsa}}. {{cog|jugs|non|vera|da|være|is|vera|no|være|sv|vara}}
====Alternative forms====
====Alternative forms====
{{term|ǫja}} (''with w- assimilation'')
{{term|ǫsa}} (''with w- assimilation'')
====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
{{IPA link|Standard}} /ˈʋa.jɐ/; [ˈʋɑ.jɐ], [ˈʋɒ.jɐ]
{{IPA link|Jugsnorsk}} /ˈʋa.jɐ/; [ˈʋɑ.jɐ], [ˈʋɒ.jɐ]
====Noun====
 
{{head|jugs|verb}}
====Verb====
{{head|jugs|verb|present '''vas-''' or ''''s-''', past '''váj-''' or ''''j-'''}}
#{{lb|jugs|ambitransitive}} to be
#{{lb|jugs|ambitransitive}} to be
##{{lb|jugs|transitive|copulative}} to be
##{{lb|jugs|transitive|copulative}} to be
##:{{ux|jugs|k''''a''' <small>(< ęk a)</small> sǿ!|I''''m''' happy!}}
##:{{ux|jugs|a''''sý''' <small>(< ak vasý)</small> sý!|I''''m''' happy!}}
##{{lb|jugs|intransitive}} to exist
##{{lb|jugs|intransitive}} to exist
#''used as an auxiliary to form the future''
#{{lb|jugs|auxiliary|with supine}} ''used to form the future tense''
#:{{ux|jugs|k''''a'''ft <small>(< ęk a haft)</small> hýp!|I''''ll''' have a puppy!}}
#:{{ux|jugs|a'gátt''''sýt''' <small>(< ak gátt vasýt)</small> hýp...?|I '''won't''' get a puppy...?}}
=====Usage notes=====
=====Usage notes=====
When used with an adjective, ''vaja'' expresses permanent qualities, unlike ''{{term|hava}}'', which expresses temporary qualities.
When used with an adjective, ''vasa'' expresses permanent qualities, whereas ''{{term|hava}}'' expresses temporary qualities. Both ''vasa'' and ''hava'' take a nominative object when used as a copula.
 
Both ''vaja'' and ''hava'' take a nominative object when used as a copula.


The mediopassive forms are rare or colloquial.
As with ''hava'', ''vasa'' rarely appears in its full form, especially for younger speakers, most often appearing with the ''va-'' removed, as'' 'sa''. Also as with ''hava'', when used as an auxiliary, it is always shortened and appended to the end of the other verb's supine form, thus ''átt'sý'', not ''átt vasý'' nor ''(va)sý átt''.


The present indicative forms often appear as ''a(j)-'', the active singular present indicative most often appearing as ''a''
Note that the mediopassive forms are rare or colloquial.
=====Inflection=====
=====Inflection=====
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|lem=véja|m=|vaj|váj}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|type=5|lem=vasa|vas|váj|2js=væ}}
{{Jugsnorsk verbs s|neg=y|type=5|lem=vasa|vas|váj|2js=væ}}
[[category:Contionary]] [[category:Jugsnorsk suppletive verbs]]
[[category:Contionary]] [[category:Jugsnorsk suppletive verbs]]

Latest revision as of 14:50, 31 March 2026

Jugsnorsk

Etymology

Inherited from Varhúsnorsk węsa, from Varhúsnorsk wæsa. Cognate to Old Norse vera, Danish være, Icelandic vera, Norwegian være, Swedish vara.

Alternative forms

ǫsa (with w- assimilation)

Pronunciation

  • (Jugsnorsk) IPA(key): /ˈʋa.jɐ/; [ˈʋɑ.jɐ], [ˈʋɒ.jɐ]

Verb

vasa (present vas- or 's-, past váj- or 'j-)

  1. (ambitransitive) to be
    1. (transitive, copulative) to be
      a'sý (< ak vasý) sý!
      I'm happy!
    2. (intransitive) to exist
  2. (auxiliary, with supine) used to form the future tense
    a'gátt'sýt (< ak gátt vasýt) hýp...?
    I won't get a puppy...?
Usage notes

When used with an adjective, vasa expresses permanent qualities, whereas hava expresses temporary qualities. Both vasa and hava take a nominative object when used as a copula.

As with hava, vasa rarely appears in its full form, especially for younger speakers, most often appearing with the va- removed, as 'sa. Also as with hava, when used as an auxiliary, it is always shortened and appended to the end of the other verb's supine form, thus átt'sý, not átt vasý nor (va)sý átt.

Note that the mediopassive forms are rare or colloquial.

Inflection
Conjugation of vasa — positive (strong class 5)
present past future
infinitive vasa vája væt'sa
participle vasaddi væðj væt'saddi
supine — væt —
active indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive imperative¹ indicative subjunctive imperative
singular vasý vasí vas vájý vájí væ væt'sý væt'sí væt's
plural vasuð vasið vasað vájuð vájið vájað væt'suð væt'sið væt'sað
mediopassive indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive imperative¹ indicative subjunctive imperative
singular vasýsk vasísk vassk vájýsk vájísk væsk væt'sýsk væt'sísk væt'ssk
plural vasutsk vasitsk vasatsk vájutsk vájitsk vájatsk væt'sutsk væt'sitsk væt'satsk

1: past imperative is rare

Conjugation of vasa — negative (strong class 5)
present past future
infinitive vasat vájat væt'sat
participle vasaddit væðjat væt'saddit
supine — vætat —
active indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive imperative¹ indicative subjunctive imperative
singular vasýt vasít vasat vájýt vájít vájat væt'sýt væt'sít væt'sat
plural vasuðt vasiðt vasaðat vájuðt vájiðt vájaðat væt'suðt væt'siðt væt'saðat
mediopassive indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive imperative¹ indicative subjunctive imperative
singular vasýska vasíska vasska vájýska vájíska væska væt'sýska væt'síska væt'sska
plural vasutska vasitska vasatska vájutska vájitska vájatska væt'sutska væt'sitska væt'satska

1: past imperative is rare

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