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{{construction}}
{{construction}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|image            = Oltic coat of arms.jpg
|name              = Oltic
|name              = Oltic
|nativename        = Λῦτικη, Литике
|nativename        = Λῦτικη, Литике
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}}
}}


'''Oltic''' /ˈɔʊltɪk/ (<small>Oltic:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">Λῦτικη, Литике [[IPA for Oltic|[lîtike]]]</span>) is a Celtic language spoken by the intersection of the rivers Olt and Danube.
'''Oltic''' /ˈoʊltɪk/ (<small>Oltic:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">Λῦτικη, Литике [[IPA for Oltic|[ɫîtike]]]</span>) is a Celtic language spoken by the intersection of the rivers Olt and Danube.


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
''Oltic'' is from the English name of the river Olt.
Both ''Λῦτικη'' and ''Oltic'' are derived from the river Olt, in Ancient Greek (''Ἄλυτος'', through Old Oltic ''αλυτικη'', Middle ''λυτικη'') and English respectively.


==Orthography==
==Orthography==
Line 44: Line 45:
| /ⁿd/ || /xs/ || /o̞/ || /e/ || /u/ || /p/ || /r,ʑ/ || /s/
| /ⁿd/ || /xs/ || /o̞/ || /e/ || /u/ || /p/ || /r,ʑ/ || /s/
|-
|-
! Τ τ !! Υ υ !! Υι υι !! Φ φ !! Χ χ !! Ψ ψ !! Ω ω !! Ϝ ϝ
! Τ τ !! Υ υ !! Υι υι !! Φ φ !! Χ χ !! Ω ω !! Ϝ ϝ
|-
|-
| /t/ || /i,f,m,v/ || /i/ || /f/ || /x,ɕ/ || /fs/ || /o̞/ || /ɣʷ,ɥ/
| /t/ || /i,f,m,v/ || /i/ || /f/ || /x,ɕ/ || /o̞/ || /ɣʷ,ɥ/
|-
|-
! ά !! ᾶ !! ὰ !! colspan=3 | !! Ϊ ϊ !! Ϋ ϋ
! ά !! ᾶ !! ὰ !! colspan=2 | !! Ϊ ϊ !! Ϋ ϋ
|-
|-
| /á/ || /â/ || /ǎ/ || colspan=3 | || /i,j/ || /i,j/
| /á/ || /â/ || /ǎ/ || colspan=2 | || /i,j/ || /i,j/
|}
|}


Line 98: Line 99:
*/r/ is in free variation with [ɾ].
*/r/ is in free variation with [ɾ].
*Prenasalized consonants are plain phrase-initially and before consonants.
*Prenasalized consonants are plain phrase-initially and before consonants.
*/sj,zj/ are variably realized as [ɕ,ʑ].
*/s,z/ before alveopalatal consonants are variably realized as [ɕ,ʑ].
**/sj,zj/ are variably realized as [sj,zj], [ɕj,ʑj], or [ɕ,ʑ].


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
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|}
|}


*/a/ is in free variation with [ɐ].
*/a/ is most often realized as [ɐ].
*/i,u/ may be devoiced or elided after voiceless consonants.
*/i,u/ may be devoiced or elided after voiceless consonants.
*/ɛ/ merges into /e/ after velar consonants.
*/ɛ/ merges into /e/ after velar consonants.
Line 324: Line 326:
|-
|-
! λ, μ, ν, ρ
! λ, μ, ν, ρ
| -{λ/μ/ν/ρ}ς
| -{λ/ν/ν/ρ}ς
|}
|}
====Pronouns====
====Pronouns====
Unlike nouns, pronouns do not inflect.
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="2"| !! {{gcl|SG}} !! {{gcl|PL}} !! {{gcl|POSS}}.{{gcl|SG}} !! {{gcl|POSS}}.{{gcl|PL}} !! {{gcl|REFL}} !! {{gcl|RECP}}
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|1}}
| μί || σνίς || μοί || ὰσρον || ζεῖμ || μίζε
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|2}}
| τού || ζίς || τωύ || ζὲσρος || ζεῖτ || τούζε
|-
! rowspan="3"| {{gcl|3}}
! {{gcl|M}}
| ές || εῖς || colspan="2"| ζῶ || ζεῖς || rowspan="3"| σεῖ
|-
! {{gcl|F}}
| σί || σῖ || colspan="2"| ζῆς || ζὲς
|-
! {{gcl|N}}
| έδ || εῖδ || colspan="2"| ζῶν || ζεῖδ
|-
! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|Q}}/{{gcl|REL}}
! {{gcl|M}}/{{gcl|F}}
| colspan="2"| πεῖς || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="4" rowspan="5"|
|-
! {{gcl|N}}
| colspan="2"| πίδ
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|INDEF}}
| colspan="2"| πέ
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|NEG}}
| colspan="2"| νέπε
|}


===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Verbs inflect for tense, aspect, mood, voice (though some verbs are deponent), and subject person and number. Some verbs have suppletive marking for future tense.
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2"| 1st Conjugation !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|SG}} !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|PL}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|PTCP}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|GER}}
|-
! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}} !! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}}
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IND}}
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|ACT}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -ου || -εσι || -ετι || -ομου || -ετε || -οντι || -οντος || -ϝος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -του || -τες || -τ || -τομου || -τετε || -τον || -ομνος || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="5"|
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ενεν || -ιτου || -ε || -εμες || -ετες || -εντες || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="3"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ην || -ησι || -ητι || -ημες || -ητε || -ηντι
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ητεν || -ητεσι || -ητετι || -ητεμες || -ητετε || -ητεντι
|-
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|MID}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -ου || -ετα || -ετο || -ομο || -εϝε || -οντο || -ετιος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -το || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -τουνς || -τος || rowspan="2"| -τουος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ετει || -εντις || -ζος
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -η || -ητα || -ητο || -ημο || -ηϝε || -ηντο || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="4"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ητε || -ητετα || -ητετο || -ητεμο || -ητεϝε || -ητεντο
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IMP}}
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|ACT}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"| || -ι || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ετις || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|MID}}
| -ετα || -εϝε
|}
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2"| 2nd Conjugation !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|SG}} !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|PL}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|PTCP}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|GER}}
|-
! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}} !! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}}
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IND}}
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|ACT}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -α || -ασι || -ατι || -ομου || -ατε || -οντι || -οντος || -ϝος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -του || -τες || -τ || -τομου || -τετε || -τον || -ομνος || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="5"|
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ανεν || -ιτου || -α || -αμες || -ατες || -αντες || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="3"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ην || -ησι || -ητι || -ημες || -ητε || -ηντι
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ητεν || -ητεσι || -ητετι || -ητεμες || -ητετε || -ητεντι
|-
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|MID}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -ου || -ατα || -ατο || -ομο || -αϝε || -οντο || -ατιος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -το || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -τουνς || -τος || rowspan="2"| -τουος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ατει || -αντις || -ζος
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -η || -ητα || -ητο || -ημο || -ηϝε || -ηντο || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="4"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ητε || -ητετα || -ητετο || -ητεμο || -ητεϝε || -ητεντο
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IMP}}
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|ACT}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"| || -ι || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ατις || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|MID}}
| -ατα || -αϝε
|}
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2"| 3rd Conjugation !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|SG}} !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|PL}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|PTCP}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|GER}}
|-
! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}} !! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}}
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IND}}
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|ACT}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -η || -ησι || -ητι || -ημου || -ητε || -ηντι || -ηντος || -ηϝος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ησσου || colspan="2" | -ησσι || -ησσομου || -ησσετε || -ησσον || -ημνος || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="5"|
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ηνεν || -ητου || -η || -ημες || -ητες || -ηντες || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="3"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ιζημι || -ιζησι || -ιζητι || -ιζημος || -ιζητε || -ιζηντι
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ιζητεμι || -ιζητεσι || -ιζητετι || -ιζητεμος || -ιζητετε || -ιζητεντι
|-
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|MID}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -η || -ητα || rowspan="2" | -ητο || -ημο || -ηϝε || -ηντο || -ητιος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ητουνς || -ητος || rowspan="2"| -ητουος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ητει || -ηντις || -ηζος
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ιζη || -ιζητα || -ιζητο || -ιζημο || -ιζηϝε || -ιζηντο || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="4"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ιζητε || -ιζητετα || -ιζητετο || -ιζητεμο || -ιζητεϝε || -ιζητεντο
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IMP}}
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|ACT}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"| || -η || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ητις || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|MID}}
| -ητρις || -ηϝε
|}
{| class="IPA wikitable"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2"| 4th Conjugation !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|SG}} !! colspan="3"| {{gcl|PL}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|PTCP}} !! rowspan="2"| {{gcl|GER}}
|-
! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}} !! {{gcl|1}} !! {{gcl|2}} !! {{gcl|3}}
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IND}}
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|ACT}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -ι || -ισι || -ιτι || -ιμου || -ιτε || -ιντι || -ιντος || -ιϝος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ισσου || colspan="2" | -ισσι || -ισσομου || -ισσετε || -ισσον || -ιμνος || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="5"|
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ινεν || -ιτου || -ι || -ιμες || -ιτες || -ιντες || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" rowspan="3"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ιζιμι || -ιζισι || -ιζιτι || -ιζιμος || -ιζιτε || -ιζιντι
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ιζιτεμι || -ιζιτεσι || -ιζιτετι || -ιζιτεμος || -ιζιτετε || -ιζιτεντι
|-
! rowspan="5"| {{gcl|MID}}
! {{gcl|PRES}}
| -ι || -ιτα || rowspan="2" | -ιτο || -ιμο || -ιϝε || -ιντο || -ιτιος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ιτουνς || -ιτος || rowspan="2"| -ιτουος
|-
! {{gcl|PST}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ιτει || -ιντις || -ιζος
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|PFV}}
| -ιζι || -ιζιτα || -ιζιτο || -ιζιμο || -ιζιϝε || -ιζιντο || style="background-color:#D0D0D0" colspan="2" rowspan="4"|
|-
! {{gcl|FUT}}.{{gcl|IPFV}}
| -ιζιτε || -ιζιτετα || -ιζιτετο || -ιζιτεμο || -ιζιτεϝε || -ιζιτεντο
|-
! rowspan="10"| {{gcl|IMP}}
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|ACT}}
| style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"| || -ι || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  colspan="2" rowspan="2"| || -ιτις || style="background-color:#D0D0D0"  rowspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="2"| {{gcl|MID}}
| -ιτρις || -ιϝε
|}
*Participles are o-stem adjectives, but when used adverbially may have no suffix.
*Active gerunds are consonant-stem nouns, and outside of nominative singular end in ''-ν-''.
*Mediopassive gerunds are o-stem nouns.
Some 1st-conjugation verbs with historical *-y- infixes have irregular changes in ''-τ-'' forms and ''-ζος'', most often loss of stem-final ''ι-'', "shortening" of the previous vowel (''η, ει, ωυ'' becoming ''α, ε, ο'' and/or falling tone becoming high or rising tone), or stem-final ''ζ-'' becoming a different consonant.
====Copula====
The copula inflects for the same categories as other verbs, plus positive and negative forms, and prohibitive forms of the negative.
{{lyti-table-cop}}
===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
Adjectives agree with their head noun in case, number, gender, and definiteness. They may also be marked as comparative or superlative.
Adjectives agree with their head noun in case, number, gender, and definiteness. They may also be marked as comparative or superlative.
Line 528: Line 758:


===Negation===
===Negation===
Noun, adjective, and adverb negation is marked with a preclitic ''νε''. A prefix ''αν-'' is also often used to negate adjectives and adverbs, and is used derivationally in adjectives and other parts of speech.
Verb negation is marked with a preceding negative copula; the negated verb is variably marked as if not negated or as a participle modifying the negative copula.
===Numerals===
===Numerals===
Oltic uses base-10 numerals.
Oltic uses base-10 numerals.
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'''Ωύλοι ζόνιοι χρίοι άπε αυκεῖντινοι δίγνιτης άπε κωὺραχτον γῆνοντο. Χρόδηντο μέγμαναν άπε κονθῶγνιγϝον άπε λίγοντο γνίοντοι σεῖ αῦρε βρῆτιι ὰνζι.
'''Ωύλοι ζόνιοι χρίοι άπε αυκεῖντινοι δίγνιτης άπε κωὺραχτον γῆνοντο. Χρόδηντο μέγμαναν άπε κονθῶγνιγϝον άπε λίγοντο γνίοντοι σεῖ αῦρε βρῆτιι ὰνζι.


'''Овли зоњи хрии апе афћендини дињитѣс апе коврахтон генондо. Хродѣндо мегманан апе конфоњинвон апе логондо љионди се авре врѣтии анзи.
'''Овле зоње хрие апе афћендине дињитѣс апе коврахтон генондо. Хродѣндо мегманан апе конфоњинвон апе логондо љионде се авре врѣтии анзи.


{{interlinear
{{interlinear
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