Riphean: Difference between revisions
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== TODO == | == TODO == | ||
Split-ergative past tense using a -n- passive participle? | |||
=== UDHR === | === UDHR === | ||
''Wiži dzíni kimeđ | ''Wiži dzíni kimeđ walni im lejki in zwem chejn im zwame đejžam.'' | ||
/ˈʋɪ{{ž}}ɪ ˈdziːɲɪ | /ˈʋɪ{{ž}}ɪ ˈdziːɲɪ ˈkɪməθ ˈʋalɲɪ ɪm ˈlɛjkɪ ɪn zʋɛm xɛjn ɪm ˈzʋamə ˈðɛjʒɐm/ | ||
( | (im ~ Latin ambō) | ||
hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė | hejn ~ τῑμή 'honor', đejše ~ teisė | ||
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== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
Riphean has consistent initial stress. | Riphean has consistent initial stress. | ||
Voiceless stops are not aspirated | |||
w and v as in Dutch | w and v as in Dutch | ||
č ď ň ř š ž h ch as in Czech, ľ as in Slovak, ř devoices word-finally | c č ď dz dž ň ř š ž h ch as in Czech, ľ as in Slovak, ř devoices word-finally | ||
h devoices to [x] | h devoices to [x] | ||
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''đ'' = [ð], devoices to [θ] | ''đ'' = [ð], devoices to [θ] | ||
Stressed ''a e i u'' = [a ɛ ɪ u] | Stressed ''a e i o u'' = [a ɛ ɪ ɔ u] | ||
''á é í ů'' = [a{{long}} | ''á é í ó ů'' = [a{{long}} e{{lowered}}{{long}} i{{long}} o{{lowered}}{{long}} u{{long}}] | ||
''ej ui ou'' = [ɛj œɥ ɔw] | ''ej ui ou'' = [ɛj œɥ ɔw] | ||
''l'' is velarized, ''r'' may be an approximant | ''l'' is velarized, ''r'' may be an approximant. Both can be syllabic: ''wlch'' 'wolf', ''crn'' 'grain'. | ||
Auslautverhärtung | Auslautverhärtung | ||
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==== Masculine inanimate ==== | ==== Masculine inanimate ==== | ||
Dialectally, these nouns may merge with neuter nouns: ''tam, tama'' | |||
''tam'' "house" | |||
* nom. tam, tami | |||
* gen. tamez, tamu | |||
* dat. tame, tamem | |||
* acc. tam, tamuz | |||
* ins. tamu, tamiz | |||
==== Feminine -a ==== | ==== Feminine -a ==== | ||
kena "woman" | kena "woman" | ||
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==== Adjectives ==== | ==== Adjectives ==== | ||
Indefinite and definite declensions | |||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
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ec etem, ji eteđ, ež eteđ, đam etar, jíľud eteđ, í eteđ | ec etem, ji eteđ, ež eteđ, đam etar, jíľud eteđ, í eteđ | ||
(Polite pronoun?) | |||
negative ne | negative ne | ||
==== ''buiž'' 'to be' ==== | ==== ''buiž'' 'to be' ==== | ||
ec em, ji eđ, ež es, đam ér, jiľud eđ, í zouđ | |||
Negative ec nem, ji neđ, ež nes, đam nér, jiľud neđ, í nezouđ | |||
==== Reflexive verbs ==== | |||
ouchiž ze "to learn" | |||
ec ouchim ze, ji ouchiđ ze, ež ouchiđ ze, đam ouchir ze, jiľud ouchiđ ze, í ouchiđ ze | |||
=== Numerals === | === Numerals === | ||
ejn, tů, đrí, cheđur, véch, | ejn, tů, đrí, cheđur, véch, zest, zevouđ, astuđ, ňouđ, tezou | ||
ejnľez, twejľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, véľez, | ejnľez, twejľez, đríľez, cheđurľez, véľez, zesľez, zevaľez, astľez, ňouľez, twejcouđi | ||
đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vécouđi, | đrícouđi, cheđurcouđi, vécouđi, zescouđi, zevacouđi, ascouđi, ňucouđi, stou? (random change from kmtom -> ktom, influenced by the ordinal stouđe <- ktm-tos) | ||
đouzuđ | đouzuđ | ||
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he/she/it: ež/já/it | he/she/it: ež/já/it | ||
we: đam (originally a dummy word used with the impersonal, from đám "there") | we: đam (originally a dummy word used with the impersonal, from đám "there") | ||
ye: | ye: jíľud | ||
they: í/jáz/đá | they: í/jáz/đá | ||
this: siđe | this: siđe | ||
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=== Schleicher's fable === | === Schleicher's fable === | ||
Ra oucha um ri dzrki | Ra oucha um ri dzrki | ||
Oucha, čá wlnou ne [had], [saw] dzrkuz | |||