Ehomanian: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
--> | --> | ||
Standard Ehomanian has eight vowels and 24 consonants. In the Erepunsh dialect, vowels are nasalized when preceding a nasal consonant, and the mid-central vowel ë is lost at the end of words. The word stress is mainly on the | Standard Ehomanian has eight vowels and 24 consonants. In the Erepunsh dialect, vowels are nasalized when preceding a nasal consonant, and the mid-central vowel ë is lost at the end of words. The word stress is mainly on the last syllable. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
| Line 111: | Line 111: | ||
| style="text-align: center;" | {{wp|Close back unrounded vowel|u}} || {{wp|Close back rounded vowel}} || u || b'''oo'''t | | style="text-align: center;" | {{wp|Close back unrounded vowel|u}} || {{wp|Close back rounded vowel}} || u || b'''oo'''t | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Standard Ehomanian consonants | |||
! colspan="2" scope="col" | | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Labial consonant|Labial}} | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Alveolar consonant|Alveolar}} | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br />alveolar}} | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Palatal consonant|Palatal}} | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Velar consonant|Velar}} | |||
! scope="col" | {{wp|Glottal consonant|Glottal}} | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Nasal consonant|Nasal}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced bilabial nasal|m}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced alveolar nasal|n}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ}} | |||
| ({{wp|Voiced velar nasal|ŋ}}) | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Plosive consonant|Plosive}} | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless bilabial plosive|p}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless alveolar plosive|t}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless velar plosive|k}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced bilabial plosive|b}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced alveolar plosive|d}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiced velar plosive|g}} | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Affricate consonant|Affricate}} | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡s}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless postalveolar affricate|t͡ʃ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡z}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced postalveolar affricate|d͡ʒ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | {{wp|Fricative consonant|Fricative}} | |||
! {{small|voiceless}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless labiodental fricative|f}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless alveolar fricative|s}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Voiceless glottal fricative|h}} | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|voiced}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced labiodental fricative|v}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced alveolar fricative|z}} | |||
| {{wp|Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Approximant consonant|Approximant}} | |||
| ({{wp|Labiovelar approximant|w}}) | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Palatal approximant|j}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Lateral consonant|Lateral}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Alveolar lateral approximant|l}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Palatal lateral approximant|ʎ}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | {{wp|Trill consonant|Trill}} | |||
| | |||
| {{wp|Alveolar trill|r}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! {{wp|International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA}} !! Description !! Written as !! English approximation | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced bilabial nasal|m}} || {{wp|Bilabial nasal|Bilabial nasal}} || m || '''m'''an | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced alveolar nasal|n}} || {{wp|Alveolar nasal|Alveolar nasal}} || n || '''n'''o | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ}} || {{wp|Palatal nasal|Palatal nasal}} || nj || o'''ni'''on | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced velar nasal|ŋ}} || {{wp|Velar nasal|Velar nasal}} || ng || si'''ng''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless bilabial plosive|p}} || {{wp|Bilabial plosive|Voiceless bilabial plosive}} || p || s'''p'''ot | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced bilabial plosive|b}} || {{wp|Bilabial plosive|Voiced bilabial plosive}} || b || '''b'''ack | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless alveolar plosive|t}} || {{wp|Alveolar plosive|Voiceless alveolar plosive}} || t || s'''t'''op | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced alveolar plosive|d}} || {{wp|Alveolar plosive|Voiced alveolar plosive}} || d || '''d'''og | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless velar plosive|k}} || {{wp|Velar plosive|Voiceless velar plosive}} || k || s'''k'''ip | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced velar plosive|ɡ}} || {{wp|Velar plosive|Voiced velar plosive}} || g || '''g'''ood | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡s}} || {{wp|Affricate consonant|Voiceless alveolar affricate}} || c || ca'''ts''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡z}} || {{wp|Affricate consonant|Voiced alveolar affricate}} || x || ki'''ds''' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless postalveolar affricate|t͡ʃ}} || {{wp|Affricate consonant|Voiceless postal-alveolar affricate}} || č || '''ch'''eck | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced postalveolar affricate|d͡ʒ}} || {{wp|Affricate consonant|Voiced postal-alveolar affricate}} || x̌ || '''j'''ump | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless labiodental fricative|f}} || {{wp|Labiodental fricative|Voiceless labiodental fricative}} || f || '''f'''an | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced labiodental fricative|v}} || {{wp|Labiodental fricative|Voiced labiodental fricative}} || v || '''v'''an | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless alveolar fricative|s}} || {{wp|Alveolar fricative|Voiceless alveolar fricative}} || s || '''s'''it | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced alveolar fricative|z}} || {{wp|Alveolar fricative|Voiced alveolar fricative}} || z || '''z'''ip | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ}} || {{wp|Postalveolar fricative|Voiceless postal-alveolar fricative}} || š || '''sh'''eep | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ}} || {{wp|Postalveolar fricative|Voiced postal-alveolar fricative}} || ž || vi'''s'''ion | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiceless glottal fricative|h}} || {{wp|Glottal fricative|Voiceless glottal fricative}} || h || '''h'''eavy | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Alveolar trill|r}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolar trill|Alveolar trill}} || r || Spanish ''pe'''rr'''o'' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Alveolar lateral approximant|l}} || {{wp|Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|Alveolar lateral}} || l || '''l'''ip | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Palatal lateral approximant|ʎ}} || {{wp|Lateral consonant|Palatal lateral}} || lj || mi'''lli'''on | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Palatal approximant|j}} || {{wp|Voiced palatal approximant|Palatal approximant}} || j || '''y'''es | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | {{wp|Voiced labio-velar approximant|w}} || {{wp|Labio-velar approximant}} || w || '''w'''et | |||
|} | |||
'''Notes:''' | |||
* /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before /k/ and /g/. | |||
* /w/ only appears in recent loanwords, such as in the word ''quiz'' (/kwiːz/) and ''kwark'' (/kwaːrk/) | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||