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| ==Modern Amísreg== | | == Roots == |
| See [[Sowaár#Phonology|main article]].
| | {| class="wikitable sortable" |
| ==Conservative Amísreg==
| | |- |
| Every sound is articulated as written in Conservative Amísreg, without any deletion processes.
| | !| Root || Meaning |
| | | |- |
| The vowels '''o oo''' are consistently [o o:], and '''a aa''' are less back [ä ä:].
| | | l-b-j || to preside |
| | | |- |
| The liquid '''r''' may be pronounced as a flap or a trill, [r] or [ɽr] in addition to retroflex fricative, approximant or lateral approximant realizations.
| | | b-d-g || to speak |
| | | |- |
| Conservative Amísreg retains the Classical Sowaár 3-tone system in a simplified form, which moderners perceive as affected.
| | | x-b-b || to hear |
| *Classical Sowaár: á, a, à, áa, aà, aá, aa
| | |- |
| *Conservative Amísreg: á, a, à, áa, aá, aa
| | | j-g-d || to see |
| *Modern Amísreg: á, a, áa, aá, aa
| | |- |
| | | | b-x-s || to eat |
| ==New Urban==
| | |- |
| The phonology is based on Amísreg, with a few differences.
| | | z-x-v || to drink |
| | | |- |
| *Plain unaspirated consonants become fully voiced.
| | | x-j || to stand |
| *The difference between the retroflex '''dr'''-series and the palatal '''j'''-series is retained; however '''dr tr tr' ''' are apico-postalveolar plosives as in Hindi, or laminal affricates [d͡ʐ t͡ʂ t͡ʂ'], not subapical plosives as in Amísreg.
| | |- |
| *'''dlr tlr tlr' łr''' become velar laterals '''gl kl kl' khl'''.
| | | s-s || to go; to walk |
| *'''nr r''' are much less retroflex than in High Sowaár.
| | |- |
| *'''p''' may be pronounced [f].
| | | b-x || to fly |
| *'''w''' may be pronounced [v] or [ʋ].
| | |- |
| *Stress accent rather than pitch accent (as in Modern Greek).
| | | b-j-v || to do |
| | | |- |
| =='Onáp'aam==
| | | v-s-l || to make |
| *'''nr dr tr tr' sr''' = '''ny j c c' x''' = [ɲ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕʼ ɕ]
| | |- |
| *'''r''' = [z]
| | | z-d-x || beautiful |
| *'''p w''' = [f v]
| | |- |
| *Retro laterals merge with their dental lateral counterparts.
| | | b-d-l || to show |
| *There is more syncope.
| | |- |
| *Deletion processes give rise to overlong vowels.
| | | l-z-v || to fear |
| *Stress accent rather than pitch accent (as in Modern Greek).
| | |- |
| *'''h ' ''' are dropped intervocalically.
| | | l-v-v || (vulgar) to copulate |
| | | |- |
| ==Camánreh ==
| | | x-b-l || to unite, to federate |
| ===Consonants===
| | |- |
| dlr tlr tlr' łr ~ velar laterals
| | | b-t-l || big |
| | | |- |
| ===Vowels===
| | | l-s-x || small |
| In addition to the usual Sowaár 4 vowel system ''a aa e ee i ii u uu'' (u uu are fronted /ü ü:/), Camánreh Sowaár also has rhotic vowels, written ''ą ąą ę ęę į įį ų ųų''.
| | |- |
| ==Jikhoó'ii==
| | | r-g-x || to be lying |
| *Lateral series: Basque z-series
| | |- |
| *Retro series: Basque s-series
| | | g-l-l || to cheat |
| *Palatal series: Basque x-series
| | |- |
| *Retro lateral series: velars
| | | t-l-j || to return, to cycle |
| *Velar series: uvulars
| | |- |
| | | | l-g-t || to sing |
| ==Hosne'éh==
| | |- |
| dlr > gl (velar lateral)
| | | b-l-l || to shine |
| | | |- |
| No tones
| | | v-l-z || to listen |
| | |- |
| | | b-z-l || to match |
| | |- |
| | | t-b-x || courage |
| | |- |
| | | t-v-b || to measure |
| | |- |
| | | s-v-x || king, to rule |
| | |- |
| | | z-t-l || to punish |
| | |- |
| | | b-l-x || clan, family |
| | |- |
| | | b-t-j || to coerce |
| | |- |
| | | l-t-b || to criticize |
| | |- |
| | | b-s-d || beast |
| | |- |
| | | t-l-d || to agree |
| | |- |
| | | z-l-v || comfort, solace |
| | |- |
| | | j-d-z || similar |
| | |- |
| | | x-l-d || different |
| | |- |
| | | v-j-t || to assign |
| | |- |
| | | l-v-j || to expend |
| | |- |
| | | l-t-v || to stretch, to deform |
| | |- |
| | | d-t-v || lowly, to humiliate |
| | |- |
| | | b-x-d || time, development, to pass |
| | |- |
| | | x-v-l || strong |
| | |- |
| | | l-d-j || to wait |
| | |- |
| | | t-g-s || good |
| | |- |
| | | l-x-j || to open |
| | |- |
| | | g-b-s || shield |
| | |- |
| | | t-z-l || to hand over |
| | |- |
| | | z-b-s || to show |
| | |- |
| | | s-v-j || to help |
| | |- |
| | | b-t-v || proud |
| | |- |
| | | s-b-v || bold |
| | |- |
| | | g-s-l || stop, settle |
| | |- |
| | | s-l-l || to evolve, to develop |
| | |- |
| | | s-b-b || silly, funny |
| | |- |
| | | t-v || to spread, to broadcast |
| | |- |
| | | l-l-d || to sleep |
| | |} |