Ancient Yeldha: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox language | {{infobox language | ||
| name = {{PAGENAME}} | | name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! Present | ! Present | ||
| - || ''-ei(gh)-'' || ''-á(gh)-'' || rowspan=3 | ''-ú-'' | | - || ''-ei(gh)-'' || ''-á(gh)-'' || rowspan=3 | ''-ú(o)-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Past | ! Past | ||
| ''-ia(gh)-'' || ''-áe(gh)-'' || ''- | | ''-ia(gh)-'' || ''-áe(gh)-'' || ''-io(gh)-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Future | ! Future | ||
| ''- | | ''-o(bh)-'' || ''-er-'' || ''-au(bh)-'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
The inclusion of the flex consonants ⟨gh, bh⟩ is irregular and often depends on the verb. For example, the verb ''n-thioch'' "to pour" is inflected without flexes, so ''theich'', ''thách'', ''thoch'', etc. However, the verb ''n-sciodh'' "to speak", is inflected '''with''' flexes, with apostrophes separating them from coda consonants, as in ''sceigh'dh'', ''scágh'dh'', ''scobh'dh'', etc. There is some phonological differentiation between flexed and non-flexed inflections according to the ''Caeghdiúll''; to take the previous example, ''thoch'' may have been pronounced [[Help:IPA|/θux/]] while ''sc'''obh''''dh'', of the same tense, may have been pronounced [[Help:IPA|/skuwð/]]. | The inclusion of the flex consonants ⟨gh, bh⟩ is irregular and often depends on the verb. For example, the verb ''n-thioch'' "to pour" is inflected without flexes, so ''theich'', ''thách'', ''thoch'', etc. However, the verb ''n-sciodh'' "to speak", is inflected '''with''' flexes, with apostrophes separating them from coda consonants, as in ''sceigh'dh'', ''scágh'dh'', ''scobh'dh'', etc. There is some phonological differentiation between flexed and non-flexed inflections according to the ''Caeghdiúll''; to take the previous example, ''thoch'' may have been pronounced [[Help:IPA|/θux/]] while ''sc'''obh''''dh'', of the same tense, may have been pronounced [[Help:IPA|/skuwð/]]. | ||
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|} | |} | ||
=====Interrogative mood===== | =====Interrogative mood===== | ||
The interrogative mood is shown by the postpositional particle ''ó''. | The interrogative mood is shown by the postpositional particle ''ó''. When it is used, if the question is directed to the addressee, then the "you" is dropped, as in ''Bhleigh'n ó mrug?''("Would you like a drink?") over ''*Bhleigh'n ó '''í''' mrug?'' In all other cases however, the pronoun can not be dropped; so "Would '''he''' like a drink?" would still be ''Bhleigh'n ó '''lá''' mrug?'' | ||
=====Example text===== | =====Example text===== | ||
Present tense: | Present tense: | ||
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| - || ''mó'' | | - || ''mó'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! colspan=2 | 2<sup>nd</sup> | ||
| ''í'' || ''eair'' | | ''í'' || ''eair'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | 3<sup>rd</sup> | ! rowspan=2 | 3<sup>rd</sup> | ||
! common | ! common | ||
| '' | | ''o'' || ''ioc'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! neuter | ! neuter | ||
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|} | |} | ||
"Common" third-person pronouns refer to objects, akin to the use of English "it", while "neuter" third-person pronouns refer to people, akin to the use of English singular and plural "they". Ancient Yeldha has no attested singular first-person pronoun; these are always inferred from the inflection of the verb. | "Common" third-person pronouns refer to objects, akin to the use of English "it", while "neuter" third-person pronouns refer to people, akin to the use of English singular and plural "they". Ancient Yeldha has no attested singular first-person pronoun; these are always inferred from the inflection of the verb. | ||
===Demonstratives=== | ===Demonstratives=== | ||
Ancient Yeldha demonstratives are inflected on number(singular, plural) proximity(proximal, distal) and connectivity(conjunctive, disjunctive). Only conjunctive forms can be used as determiners; they are placed postpositionally. | Ancient Yeldha demonstratives are inflected on number(singular, plural) proximity(proximal, distal) and connectivity(conjunctive, disjunctive). Only conjunctive forms can be used as determiners; they are placed postpositionally. | ||
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[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||
[[Category:Yeldhic languages]] | [[Category:Yeldhic languages]] | ||
[[Category:Radael classical languages]] | |||
[[Category:Radael]] | [[Category:Radael]] | ||