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==History==
*/m/ before /i/ > /f/
Ex: murá "dead" > fira "dead" (PHIR-)
Ex: hūlá "fiery" > níra
Ilfira
The root for "death" has a nominal stem (NÚR-) and an adjectival stem (PHIR-)
núru "death"
maur > NÚR-
fira
il- "not/un-" (Adamic al)
ilfirin
==Phonology==
==Phonology==


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===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
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ni ben, embë bemmë
In CE words are either DARK or BRIGHT:
ae bes, elyë berrë
 
il beli, endë belembar
: ''HÚ'' "dog"
e-i [3p]
 
: ''ALBA'' "person"
 
Sounds other than L and N are conserved at the end of roots:
 
: ''qaúl'' "speech" > ''QUË'' "speech"
 
: ''maúr'' > ''NÚR'' "death"
 
With the article open syllables are long and closed syllables short:
 
: ''HÚ'' "dog" > ''u húo''
 
: ''ALBA'' "person" > ''i elbi''


The plural:


: ''u húo'' "the dog" > ''i níe'' "the dogs"


The root ''QUE-'' "speech" descends from Adamic ''-q-f-l-'' "speech", or more specifically, from its canonic verbal form ''qua-''. The root ''KHÛ-'' "dog" derives from ''hū-'' "to bark". The root ''LÁ-'' from ''lā-'' "to use the tongue". ''KHE-'' from ''qia-"...
:  ''i elbi '' "the person" > ''u orgu'' "the persons"


*If no suffix is added to the root, the singular is formed by adding ''-le'' if the last vowel is any other than ''u''. In case it is not, an ''-o'' is added respectively.
Third-person agreement does not trigger euphony:


:''QUE-'' > ''quele'' "sound", ''queli'' "sounds"
: ''u quënda'' "he is the language" / ''quënda u'' "he, the language"


:''HÚ-'' > ''húo'' "dog", ''hý'' "dogs"
: ''ou quëndaë'' "he [X]-s the language", ''quëndaë ou'' "he is [X]-ed by the language"


*If a suffix is added to the root, there may be two singulars; one ending in ''-a'' and one in ''-ë''
: ''óua quëndáëa'' "the language of his", ''quëndáëa óua'' "the language to him"


:QUE- + -n- [verbal affix] > ''quenda'', ''quendar'' "speech", ''quendë'', ''quendi'' ''speaker"
Masculine agreement in first-person triggers:  


: ''nu belen'' "I am a speaker" / ''belen nu'' "I, the speaker"
: ''angu belein'' "I speak" / ''belein angu'' "I am spoken"
: ''arcnu beléian'' "a speaker of mine" / ''beléian arcnu'' "a speaker to me"


Feminine agreement in first-person triggers:
: ''mi golon'' "I am a speaker" / ''golon mi'' "I, the speaker"
: ''ambi goloun'' "I speak" / ''goloun ambi'' "I am spoken"
: ''dalpmi golóuan'' "a speaker of mine"  / ''golóuan dalpmi'' "a speaker to me"






the first position is the subject followed by a copula;  sentences are SOV (the object is always NEUTER); and the possessor is always the second element:


LÁ- > lámba "tongue", lámbë "language" *irregular extension; compare ''gásca'' "throat"
: ''u húo ëa quënda'' "


ULU- "to pour" from hua- "to moisten"
: ''ou hóua quëndaë bel'' "the dog speaks the language"
uluo


si qua qia khi
: ''quëndáëa óua hóuada'' "the dog's language"


lunda "flood", lundë "rain"


Compare
: ''óua quëndáëa'' "the  language of his"
: ''óua gondáëa'' "the languages"
Masculine roots:
: hú, u húo, i níe,
: hóua, ou hóua, ei néia,
: hóuada, óua hóuada, éia néiada
Neuter roots
quënda, i benda, u gonda
quëndaë, ei bendaë, ou gondaë
quëndáëa, éia bendáëa, óua gondáëa
quënda (when non-subject of non-pronouns)
benda (when subject of non-pronouns or connected to masculine pronouns)
gonda (when subject of non-pronouns or connected to pronouns)
quëndáëa /kʷɨndaːɨ̯a/
a/ë > aë > áëa
m > mb > lpm
n > nd > ∅
n > ng > rkn
l > lb > mbl
r > rd > ndr
dalpmi / darcnu
i (n) > e-i (#) > a-e-i (#)
i (v) > i-e > i-e-a
e (v) >
P > P-L > P-L-T > P-L-T-N
N N-R-M (I)
N N-R-H (U)
M > M-L-N  > M-L-N-D
D-R-P-
u><i, e><o, a><y
u>o, i>e, a>y
ai ē
i > ei > eia
If a pure root ends in a vowel, the singular is formed by adding ''-RV'' (canonic ''-l''). If the last vowel is ''i'' or ''u'', however, one adds ''-e'' or ''-o'' instead.
:''QUE-'' > ''quele'' "sound"
:''HÚ-'' > ''húo'' "dog"
If a suffix is added to the root, there may be two singulars; one passive ending in ''-a'' (Adamic ''-a''') and one active in ''-ë''.
:''QUË-'' + ''-n-'' [passive nominal affix] > ''quënda'' "speech" / ''quendë'' "speaker"






''hen'', ''hendi'' "eye, eyes" (not *hendë)
The personal pronouns:


hfl hua
: ''nu'' "I (masc.)", ''mi'' "I (fem.)"


: ''luo, rie'' "you (sin.)"


húa (acc.)
: ''ou, ei'' "he, she"


''quen'' "I speak"
lunda "flood", lundë "rain"


==Sound Laws==
==Sound Laws==
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===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
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===Morphophonology===
==Black Speech==


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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https://folk.uib.no/hnohf/primelv.htm




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