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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name              = Grekelin
|name              = Grekelin
|nativename        = A gnudzsa Grekelenikin
|nativename        = To gnudzsa Grekelenikin, Rumejkin
|state            = [[w:Slovakia|Slovakia]], [[w:Hungary|Hungary]], [[w:Serbia|Serbia]]
|state            = [[w:Slovakia|Slovakia]], [[w:Hungary|Hungary]], [[w:Serbia|Serbia]]
|created          = 2023
|created          = 2023
|image            = Grekelin National Flag.png
|imagesize        = 200px
|imagecaption      = The Grekelin flag. Largely inspired by the Byzantine design of the time, it signifies the Roman descendance of the Grekelin people. It was adopted formally in 1992 although variations of it were used sparsely in some separatist movements.
|familycolor      = Indo-European
|familycolor      = Indo-European
|fam2              = [[w:Hellenic languages|Hellenic]]
|fam2              = [[w:Hellenic languages|Hellenic]]
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}}
}}


'''Grekelin''' ([[w:Autoglossonym|Autoglossonym]]: ''Grekelenikin'', pronounced: ''[grɛ.kɛ.ˈɫɛ.ni.kin]''), also known as '''Rhumaecen'''<ref name=Rhumaecen/> (Grekelin: ''Rumejkin'', [ɾuˈmɛi̯ˌkin], lit. "The Roman one") is a [[w:Hellenic languages|Hellenic]] language spoken in [[w:Vojvodina|Vojvodina]], [[w:Hungary|Southern Hungary]] and some isolated villages of [[w:Slovakia|Slovakia]]. Grekelin is a descendant of [[w:Medieval Greek|Medieval Greek]], from whom it split in the late 11th century with the mass settlement of Hungary by [[w:Greeks|Greek]] refugees following the Seljuk Turks' raids. For the largest part of its existence, Grekelin was mostly a spoken language, and the language began systematically being written down around the 19th century (From where it gained it's modern orthography by Catholic priests and scholars). Due to its low social prestige, most of its educated speakers preferred writing in Latin or Hungarian (Also Koine before the Catholicisation of the Grekelin-speaking people) and few texts were written until then in Grekelin, most of which used the Greek script instead (See [[Old Grekelin]]), leading to multiple archaisms appearing within the language (Eg. Greek and most Greek dialects use the verb "Φτιάχνω" /ˈftia.xno/ whereas Grekelin uses the verb "Peio" (pʲɪ̯o) from Ancient Greek "ποιέω/ποιώ").
'''Grekelin''' ([[w:Autoglossonym|Autoglossonym]]: ''Grekelenikin'', pronounced: ''[grɛ.kɛ.ˈɫɛ.ni.kin]''), also known as '''Rhumaecen'''<ref name=Rhumaecen/> (Grekelin: ''Rumejkin'', [ɾuˈmɛi̯ˌkin], lit. "The Roman one") is a language derived from [[w:Medieval Greek|Medieval Greek]] spoken in [[w:Vojvodina|Vojvodina]], [[w:Hungary|Southern Hungary]] and some isolated villages of [[w:Slovakia|Slovakia]]. Grekelin split from mainland/Anatolian [[w:Greek language|Greek]] in the late 11th century with the mass settlement of Hungary by [[w:Greeks|Greek]] refugees following the Seljuk Turks' raids. For the largest part of its existence, Grekelin was mostly a spoken language, and the language began systematically being written down around the 19th century (From where it gained it's modern orthography by Catholic priests and scholars). Due to its low social prestige, most of its educated speakers preferred writing in Latin or Hungarian (Also Koine before the Catholicisation of the Grekelin-speaking people) and few texts were written until then in Grekelin, most of which used the Greek script instead (See [[Old Grekelin]]).


As a related language to Greek, Grekelin shares with Modern Greek and its dialects multiple features and cognates. The language, although officially having a free word order, has become an SOV one (As opposed to most Indo-European languages which are SVO) due to extensive Hungarian influence. It's core vocabulary has remained Greek however many Hungarian words can be found often in the language (Especially those relating to law and government), due to the strong adstratum formed by Hungarian (Though, due to geography, the Slavic dialect got its name from its stronger Slavic influence). Grekelin is the most isolated Hellenic language currently in the entire world, with about 1200 kilometers separating it from the closest Greek speaking territory.
As a related language to Greek, Grekelin shares with Modern Greek and its dialects multiple features and cognates. The language, although officially having a free word order, has become an SOV one (As opposed to most Indo-European languages which are SVO) due to extensive Hungarian influence. It's core vocabulary has remained Greek however many Hungarian words can be found often in the language (Especially those relating to law and government), due to the strong adstratum formed by Hungarian (Though, due to geography, the Slavic dialect got its name from its stronger Slavic influence). Grekelin is the most isolated Hellenic language currently in the entire world, with about 1200 kilometers separating it from the closest Greek speaking territory.
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|-
|-
! Nasal
! Nasal
| /m/ || /n/ || || || /ɲ/ ||  
| /m/ || /n/ || || || /ɲ/ || /ŋ/
|-
|-
! Stop
! Stop
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<small>'' * Although it only appears in Hungarian or German loanwords, it is often written down using "ö", so people that write the language consider it a native sound. It is considered more of a marginal phoneme.'' </small>
<small>'' * Although it only appears in Hungarian or German loanwords, it is often written down using "ö", so people that write the language consider it a native sound. It is considered more of a marginal phoneme.'' </small>
Grekelin palatalizes (ʲ) many consonants that would otherwise use a palatal version of themselves. When a fricative is followed by /i/, /e/ or /ø/, the preceding consonant becomes its palatal allophone, referred in Grekelin as "lowering" (katizma). Palatalization is not a contrastive or grammatical feature, but only a feature of the Grekelin accent.


Although Grekelin does have diphthongs, they appear rarely and usually merge into one vowel when realized. Most of these diphthongs are '''not''' inherited from Greek directly, but developed on their own over the centuries.
Although Grekelin does have diphthongs, they appear rarely and usually merge into one vowel when realized. Most of these diphthongs are '''not''' inherited from Greek directly, but developed on their own over the centuries.
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|}
|}


Grekelin does not favor consonant clusters, often using metathesis to break them apart. The only exception are affricates since they are considered a single sound in Grekelin.
Grekelin does not favor consonant clusters, often inserting vowels or using metathesis to break them apart. The only exception are affricates since they are considered a single sound in Grekelin.


Although not written, the final consonant (If the word ends with a consonant) always becomes devoiced in colluquial speech.
Although not written, the final consonant (If the word ends with a consonant) always becomes devoiced in colluquial speech.
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| -i noun ending || E /ε/ || eni /ˈɛɳi/ || Ek /ek/
| -i noun ending || E /ε/ || eni /ˈɛɳi/ || Ek /ek/
|-
|-
| Other noun endings || To /to/ || en /ɛɳ/ || Ta
| Other noun endings || To /to/ || en /ɛɳ/ || Ta /tɑ/
|}
</center>
 
===Pronouns===
Grekelin has simplified extensively the Medieval Greek pronoun system. Despite that, later innovations to replace certain uses were developed, like the prolonging of the final vowel to form the new vocative. Below follows the pronoun declension.
 
<center>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Noun cases in Grekelin
|-
! Case !! 1st Person !! 2nd person !! 3rd person
|-
| Nominative Singular || '''go''' || '''szy''' || '''davta'''
|-
| Genitive Singular || (None) || (None) || '''davta'''
|-
| Accusative Singular || '''mei''' || '''szyn''' || (None)
|-
| Vocative Singular || '''mí''' || '''szý''' || '''davtá'''
|-
| Nominative Plural || '''mis''' || '''szyk''' || '''davtak'''
|-
| Genitive Plural || (None) || '''sek''' || '''tes'''
|-
| Accusative Plural || '''mek''' || '''sek''' || '''tek'''
|-
| Vocative Plural || (None) || '''szýk''' || (None)
|}
|}
</center>
</center>


===Cases===
Deciding which case to use is tricky and varies between different situations. However, it can be summarized in the following rules:
Grekelin has 4 cases: Nominative, genitive, accusative and vocative. In the Slavic dialect, another case exists, the dative case. Remember that Grekelin has developed vowel harmony in the language so while the endings here are influenced by the nearby vowels, other words may have different inflections.
 
# Possession in nouns and names takes the genitive case.
# Verbs in any tense other that the present take the genitive case, while the present requires the accusative case unless its a special verb.
# The passive voice and all other nouns, as well as adjectives take the nominative.
# When there is no genitive to use (eg. Plural noun in possession) then the accusative case substitutes or the pronoun is omitted altogether and is assumed from the context.
 
===Nouns===
Grekelin has 4 cases: Nominative, genitive, accusative and vocative. In the Slavic dialect, another case exists, the dative case. Grekelin has developed vowel harmony in the language so while the endings here are influenced by the nearby vowels, other words may have different inflections. While genders in Grekelin are considered extinct, remnants of it exist in the noun endings (a or i/e), so Grekelin is considered to have a separate noun class system that merged with the Indo-European one.


<center>
<center>
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| Nominative || To gnudzsa || Ta gnudzsuk
| Nominative || To gnudzsa || Ta gnudzsuk
|-
|-
| Genitive || Ca gnudzsus || Co gnudzsun
| Genitive || C' gnudzsus || Ta gnudzsun
|-
|-
| Accusative || Ecs gnudzsa || Ecs gnudzsuk
| Accusative || Ecs gnudzsan || Ecs gnudzsun
|-
|-
| Vocative || O gnudzsa || Oh gnudzse
| Vocative || O gnudzse || Oh gnudzsen
|}
|}
</center>
</center>
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! Case !! Singular !! Plural
! Case !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
| Nominative || E kukli || Ek kukliok
| Nominative || E kukli || Ek kukljuk
|-
|-
| Genitive || Ci kuklu || Co kuklun
| Genitive || c' Kuklu || Co kuklun
|-
|-
| Accusative || Ecs kuklí || Ecs kuklun
| Accusative || Ecs kuklin || Ecs kukljuk
|-
|-
| Vocative || Oh kuklí || Oh kuklíe
| Vocative || O kukli || Oh kukljuk
|}
|}
</center>
</center>


===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Verbs in Grekelin have tense, number and voice inflection. For this reason, they are highly irregular yet they carry much more information than English verbs. Here is the verb "peio" (To create, make) inflected by voice and number:
Verbs in Grekelin are split into three classes: Weak, strong and irregular. Their classification depends on the last vowel of the word's root (The word without any prefixes and suffixes conveying grammatical information) while the irregulars are outliers in both with their own inflections. The vowels defining strong verbs are /e i y/ and the vowels defining weak verbs are /a o u ø/. The verb class defines the way a word will be inflected for number, tense and mood. Below are two tables showing the present tense inflection for a weak and a strong verb:
<center>
 
===Strong Verbs===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Verb inflection in Grekelin
|+ Strong Verb - "Vlemmo" (To see/To watch)
! Pronoun !! Verb Declension
|-
|-
!            !! Singular !! Plural !! Passive (Singular) !! Passive (Plural)
| Go || Vlemm-o
|-
|-
| 1st person || Peió    || Peiómen || Epeióme    || Epeiómetta
| Szÿ || Vlemm-s
|-
|-
| 2nd person || Peié    || Peiéte  || Peióse    || Epeiósase
| Davta || Vlemm
|-
|-
| 3rd person || Peiei    || Peíanda || Peiándande || Epeiándande
| Mis || Vlemm-men
|-
| Szÿk || Vlemm-te
|-
| Davtak || Vlemm-ne
|}
|}
</center>
A tense inflection table (Grekelin has 4 tenses: Present, Aorist,  and Future. One interesting feature that is inherited all the way from [[w:Proto-Indo-European|PIE]] is the [[w: Indo-European ablaut|ablaut system]] which is used especially in the past tenses instead of suffixes.


<center>
===Weak Verbs===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Verb tenses in Grekelin
|+ Weak Verb - "Jeboro" (To be able to)
! Pronoun !! Verb Declension
|-
|-
!            !! Present  !! Aorist !! Imperfect !! Future
| Go || Jebor-o
|-
|-
| 1st person || Peió    || Ipeia    || Ipeiamane    || Enna Peiso
| Szÿ || Jebor-as
|-
|-
| 2nd person || Peié    || Ipeiate  || Ipeiate      || Enna Peise
| Davta || Jebor-a
|-
|-
| 3rd person || Peiei    || Ipeiande || Ipeian      || Enna Peisei
| Mis || Jebor-amen
 
|-
| 1st plural person || Peiómen || Ipeiamen    || (Same as past perfect) || Enna peiomen
|-
|-
| 2nd plural person || Peiéte  || Ipeiande    || (Same as past perfect) || Enna peiete
| Szÿk || Jebor-ate
|-
|-
| 3rd plural person || Peíen  || Ipeiane    || (Same as past perfect) || Enna peien
| Davtak || Jebor-anda
|}
|}
</center>
Additional tenses (Such as the perfect and the pluperfect and many others) are often found especially in colloquial speech, in a way similar to English (Standard '''Ipeia''' (I made) vs Colloquial '''Peio eo''' (I have made), literally "I made I have").


==Geographic Distribution and Demographics==
==Geographic Distribution and Demographics==
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==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
: ''See also:'' '''[[Category:Grekelin lemmas|Grekelin lemmas]]'''
Grekelin has about 60.000 words in total, with another 15.000 obsolete ones, amounting to 75.000 words in total. Most of Grekelin's vocabulary is derived from Greek directly, and very few Greek borrows (Mostly reborrows) actually exist within the language. There is an estimated 20 to 40% Hungarian-borrowed vocabulary, depending on the dialect and the person themselves. In the Slavic dialects there is a strong Slavic influence (hence the name), which also shows in the vocabulary part; Between 5% and 25% of all words in Grekelin come from Slavic dialects. The remaining 5% that doesn't belong in any of these categories is either German, Turkic or does not have any clear etymology, like the word [[Contionary:leotti|leotti]]. Some theorize Grekelin was in contact with Pannonian Avar speakers which may provide explanation for some of the strange words in Grekelin.
Grekelin has about 60.000 words in total, with another 15.000 obsolete ones, amounting to 75.000 words in total. Most of Grekelin's vocabulary is derived from Greek directly, and very few Greek borrows (Mostly reborrows) actually exist within the language. There is an estimated 20 to 40% Hungarian-borrowed vocabulary, depending on the dialect and the person themselves. In the Slavic dialects there is a strong Slavic influence (hence the name), which also shows in the vocabulary part; Between 5% and 25% of all words in Grekelin come from Slavic dialects. The remaining 5% that doesn't belong in any of these categories is either German, Turkic or does not have any clear etymology, like the word [[Contionary:leotti|leotti]]. Some theorize Grekelin was in contact with Pannonian Avar speakers which may provide explanation for some of the strange words in Grekelin.


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| Who? || ''Pkios?'' || /pki̯os/
| Who? || ''Pkios?'' || /pki̯os/
|-
|-
| What? || ''Tí?'' || /ti/
| What? || ''Ti?'' || /ti/
|-
|-
| When? || ''Pónte?'' || /ˈpo.ndɛ/
| When? || ''Ponte?'' || /ˈpo.ndɛ/
|-
|-
| Where? || ''Pe?'' || /pɛ/
| Where? || ''Pe?'' || /pɛ/
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| Why || ''Dzatti?'' || /'d͡zɑti/
| Why || ''Dzatti?'' || /'d͡zɑti/
|-
|-
| Again || ''Urá'' || /uˈrɑ/
| Again || ''Ura'' || /uˈrɑ/
|-
|-
| What is your name? || ''Ti entá a nóma sei?'' || /ti ɛnˈta ɑ ˈno.mɑ sʲi/
| What is your name? || ''Ti entá a nóma sei?'' || /ti ɛnˈta ɑ ˈno.mɑ sʲi/
|-
|-
| My name is... || ''A nóma mei entá ...''' || /ɑ ˈno.ma mʲi enˈtα/
| My name is... || ''A noma mei enta ...''' || /ɑ ˈno.ma mʲi enˈtα/
|-
|-
| Do you speak English? || ''Relalíte eís echslézikin?'' || /rɛ.ɫɑˈɫ̩ite jis ɛkˈɫɛ.zikiŋ/
| Do you speak English? || ''Relalíte eís to Egglézikin?'' || /rɛ.ɫɑˈɫite jis to ɛkˈɫɛ.zikiŋ/
|-
|-
| I do not understand Grekelin. || ''Y nyó a gnúdzsa Grekelénikin.'' || /y ɲo ɑ ˈɡnud͡ʑɑ ɡrɛˈkɛ.ɫɛnikin/
| I do not understand Grekelin. || ''Y nyó a gnúdzsa Grekelénikin.'' || /y ɲo ɑ ˈɡnud͡ʑɑ ɡrɛˈkɛ.ɫɛnikin/
|-
|-
| Help me! || ''Woíttya!'' || /ˈvoˈitʲɑ/
| Help me! || ''Voettja!'' || /ˈvoˈtʲɑ/
|-
|-
| How much is it? || ''Pószo entá?'' || /ˈpoɕo ɛnˈtɑ/
| How much is it? || ''Pószo entá?'' || /ˈpoɕo ɛnˈtɑ/
|-
|-
| The study of Grekelin sharpens the mind. || ''Mattkiszi ci Grekelenikis peia a essa kovtoérta.'' || /'matkisi t͡si grɛkɛˈɫɛ.nikis pjɑ α ˈɛ.sɑ kovtoˈɛr.ta/
| The study of Grekelin sharpens the mind. || ''Mattisi c'Grekelenikis fjann' to essa kovtoérta.'' || /'matkisi t͡si grɛkɛˈɫɛ.nikis pjɑ α ˈɛ.sa kovtoˈɛr.ta/
|-
|-
| Where are you from? || ''Pe éste ecs szÿ?'' || /pɛ ˈɛste ɛt͡ɕ ɕy/
| Where are you from? || ''Pe este ecs szÿ?'' || /pɛ ˈɛste ɛt͡ɕ ɕy/
|}
|}


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===Slavic Dialects===
===Slavic Dialects===
The Slavic dialects are split into two subgroups: Northern and Southern. The two are not shared by genetic relationship as the Northern branch split from a blend of Danubian and Slavic speakers during the Industrial Revolution and the subsequent immigration. The northern branch is going extinct today, and can be characterized by a heavy Czech/Slovak influence. The Southern branch on the other hand is thriving south of the Danubian dialect, being an official language of Vojvodina.
The Slavic dialects are split into two subgroups: Northern and Southern. The two are not shared by genetic relationship as the Northern branch split from a blend of Danubian and Slavic speakers during the Industrial Revolution and the subsequent immigration. The northern branch is going extinct today, and can be characterized by a heavy Czech/Slovak influence. The Southern branch on the other hand is thriving south of the Danubian dialect, being an official language of Vojvodina.
====Northern Branch====
The northern branch has evolved /o/ to /ɔ/ and /y/ to /ɨ/. It also uses an alveolar trill as the main rhotic instead of the southern branch's tap. It also merged weak and strong verb classes into one, similar to Western Grekelin.
====Southern Branch====
The southern branch is close to the Danubian dialect, largely because the two have constantly been at contact. The most prominent feature is the iotation of word-initial vowels (Danubian dialects also contain this feature, but only for the /e u/ vowels) and the lack of aspiration for consonants before /y/.


===Western Dialect===
===Western Dialect===
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===Lord's prayer===
===Lord's prayer===
In liturgical usage, Grekelin is rarely a preferred language. The prayers are usually in Hungarian or Serbian, however villages with proportionally larger Grekelin population use a slightly modified form of the lord's prayer, written below. In previous centuries, Latin was also fairly common, and, before the conversion of Grekelin people to Catholicism, Koine was the common liturgical language.
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-begin}}
{{col-n|2}}
{{col-n|3}}
:: Patera mek
:: Patera mek, en eis ta juranak,
:: eis urana éntase
:: Az agyasta to noma sei,
:: eis em agiasin nóma sei,
:: Az megyérkeszel to vasileu sei,
:: eis to rapatasma ca ikandasza sei
:: Az gyenn to tilkima sei,
:: eis peísin tilkima sei
:: Eis gea as enta eis to menny
:: eis gea as enta eis urana.
:: A megbocsát sei ta martÿmatak mek
:: Dochse mek to kennere mek eisdila
:: As megbocsátamen davtak p' martana ellen mek.
:: kia dochsasze armatek mek
:: Ce y engedélys mek eis kiszertesz,
:: as dossaszomen mek davte p' aramatek dimechs
:: Ma védens mek ecs to kacka.
:: kia haytasze mek u eis sabatasz
:: Amin.
:: ma litise mek ecs roszi,
{{col-n|3}}
:: Amen.
:: Πατέρα μεκ, εν ιης τα ιουράνακ,
{{col-n|2}}
:: Αζ αγυάστα το νόμα ση,
:: Αζ μέγυεερκεεσ̌ελ το βασηλέβ ση,
:: Αζ γυενν το τήλκημα ση,
:: Ιης γέα ας εντά ιης το μέννυ,
:: Α μέγμποτσ̌αατ ση τα μαρτοϋματακ μεκ,
:: Ας μεγμποτσ̌ααταμεν δάβδακ π΄μαρτάνα έλεν μεκ,
:: Τσε οϋ ένγεδεελυς μεκ ιης κίσ̌ερτες̌,
:: Μα βέεδενς μεκ ετς̌ το κακά.
:: Αμήν.
{{col-n|3}}
<i>
<i>
:: Our Father, who art in heaven,
:: Our Father, who art in heaven,
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