Middle Ravenish: Difference between revisions

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|image= Ravenish flag.png

|imagesize= 250px

|name= Ravenish

|name= Middle Ravenish

|nativename=''~~tiïdiskön~~''

|nativename=''tiüdiskön''

|pronunciation= tiy̯.diʃ.køn

|pronunciation_key = w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart

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}}

'''Ravenish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''~~þiudiskon~~''; Ravenish: [[w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart|[tiy̯.diʃ.køn]]) is a [[w:Germanic language|Germanic language]], with strong influence from [[w:Finnish|Finnish]]. It is the result of a prolonged contact among members of both groups after the Ravenish tribe migrated to the area that is now [[w:North Ostrobothnia|North Ostrobothnia]]. These connections slowly formed the modern language, which, under influence of Finnish for centuries, led to the innovation of several new forms, such as a conditional verb form and definiteness distinctions in nouns.

'''Middle Ravenish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''tiüdiskön''; Ravenish: [[w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart|[tiy̯.diʃ.køn]]) is a [[w:Germanic language|Germanic language]], with strong influence from [[w:Finnish|Finnish]]. It is the result of a prolonged contact among members of both groups after the Ravenish tribe migrated to the area that is now [[w:North Ostrobothnia|North Ostrobothnia]]. These connections slowly formed the modern language, which, under influence of Finnish for centuries, led to the innovation of several new forms, such as a conditional verb form and definiteness distinctions in nouns.

While its vocabulary derives for the most part from [[w:Proto-Germanic|Proto-Germanic]], there is significant Finnish influence in its phonology, grammar, and lexicon

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===Summary of changes from Proto-Germanic===

~~tiïdiskön~~ is a Germanic lang, it's directly descended from Proto-Germanic, it's spoken in Finland and has been since the late stage of the earliest form, [[Proto-Ravenish]], meaning it has significant amounts of influence from Finnish, even attaining vowel harmony from it, then through colloquial simplification, the modern form uses vowel harmony grammatically, nominative forms are marked through front vowels while accusative is marked through back vowels, the genitive simplified to the suffix 'ar', and the dative to '-ir'.

tiüdiskön is a Germanic lang, it's directly descended from Proto-Germanic, it's spoken in Finland and has been since the late stage of the earliest form, [[Proto-Ravenish]], meaning it has significant amounts of influence from Finnish, even attaining vowel harmony from it, then through colloquial simplification, the modern form uses vowel harmony grammatically, nominative forms are marked through front vowels while accusative is marked through back vowels, the genitive simplified to the suffix 'er', and the dative to '-ir'.

==Etymology==

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==Phonology==

===Orthography===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Orthography

! IPA

! colspan="2" | Letter

|-

! /ɑ, ɑː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | a, aa || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /æ, æː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | ä, ää || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /d/

| style="border-right: 0;" | d || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /ɤ, ɤː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | e, ee || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /e, eː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | ë, ëë || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /f/

| style="border-right: 0;" | f || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /g, gʷ/

| style="border-right: 0;" | g, gv || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /h, hʷ/

| style="border-right: 0;" | h, hv || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /i, iː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | i, ii || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /j/

| style="border-right: 0;" | j || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /k, kʷ/

| style="border-right: 0;" | k, kv || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /l/

| style="border-right: 0;" | l || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /m/

| style="border-right: 0;" | m || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /n/

| style="border-right: 0;" | n || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /o, oː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | o, oo || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /ø, øː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | ö, öö || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /p/

| style="border-right: 0;" | p || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /r/

| style="border-right: 0;" | r || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /s, ʃ/

| style="border-right: 0;" | s || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /t/

| style="border-right: 0;" | t || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /u, uː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | u, uu || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /y, yː/

| style="border-right: 0;" | ü, üü || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! /ʋ/

| style="border-right: 0;" | v, b || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

|}

'ṿ' is often used in educational texts to help distinguish from a consonant cluster.

===Consonants===

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| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]])¹, ŋʷ²

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]])¹, (ŋʷ²)

|-

! [[w:stop consonant|Stop]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless dental stop|t̪]], t̪ʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | t /[[w:Voiceless dental stop|t̪]]/, t̪ʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]], kʷ || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]], gʷ

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]], kṿ /kʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]], gṿ /gʷ/

|-

! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]], sʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]], sṿ /sʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]])³ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]], hʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |

| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]], hṿ /hʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" |

|-

! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labial approximant|ʋ]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | v /[[w:Voiced labial approximant|ʋ]]/

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]

| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]

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|+ Colloquial personal pronouns

|-

! colspan=3 | !! Nominative !! Accusative ~~!! Genitive !! Dative~~

! colspan=3 | !! Nominative !! Accusative

|-

! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#first person|first person]] !! colspan=2 | singular

| {{term|~~mïk~~}} || {{term|muk~~}} || {{term|mukar}} || {{term|mukir~~}}

| {{term|mük}} || {{term|muk}}

|- valign="top"

! colspan=2 valign="middle" | dual

| {{term|~~ïnk~~}} || {{term|unk~~}} || {{term|unkar}} || {{term|unkir~~}}

| {{term|ünk}} || {{term|unk}}

|-

! colspan=2 valign="middle" | plural

| {{term|~~ïns~~}} || {{term|uns~~}} || {{term|unsar}} || {{term|unsir~~}}

| {{term|üns}} || {{term|uns}}

|-

! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#second person|second person]] !! colspan=2 | singular

| {{term|~~tïk~~}} || {{term|tuk~~}} || {{term|tukar}} || {{term|tukir~~}}

| {{term|tük}} || {{term|tuk}}

|-

! colspan=2 | dual

| {{term|~~ïnkw~~}} || {{term|~~unkw}} || {{term|unkwar}} || {{term|unkwir~~}}

| {{term|ünkṿ}} || {{term|unkṿ}}

|-

! colspan=2 | plural

| {{term|~~ïrw~~}} || {{term|~~urw}} || {{term|urwar}} || {{term|urwir~~}}

| {{term|ünsṿ}} || {{term|unsṿ}}

|-

! rowspan=2 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#third person|third person]] !! colspan=2 | singular

| {{term|ïr}} || {{term|ur~~}} || {{term|urar}} || {{term|urir~~}}

| {{term|ür}} || {{term|ur}}

|-

! colspan=2 | plural

| {{term|~~ïïr~~}} || {{term|uur~~}} || {{term|uurar}} || {{term|uurir~~}}

| {{term|üür}} || {{term|uur}}

|-

! colspan=3 | reflexive

~~| {{term|se}} |~~| {{term|së}} || {{term|~~sëar}} || {{term|sëir~~}}

| {{term|së}} || {{term|se}}

|-

|}

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==Other resources==

* [[~~Modern~~ Ravenish/Swadesh|Swadesh]]

* [[Middle Ravenish/Swadesh|Swadesh]]

* [[~~Modern~~ Ravenish/Phrasebook|Phrases]]

* [[Middle Ravenish/Phrasebook|Phrases]]

* [[:Category:~~Modern~~ Ravenish lemmas|lemmas]]

* [[:Category:Middle Ravenish lemmas|lemmas]]

[[Category:~~Modern~~ Ravenish]]

[[Category:Middle Ravenish]]

[[Category:Languages]]

[[Category:Conlangs]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 |image= Ravenish flag.png
 |imagesize= 250px
-|name= Ravenish
+|name= Middle Ravenish
-|nativename=''tiïdiskön''
+|nativename=''tiüdiskön''
 |pronunciation= tiy̯.diʃ.køn
 |pronunciation_key = w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 }}
-'''Ravenish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''þiudiskon''; <small>Ravenish:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">[[w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart|[tiy̯.diʃ.køn]]</span>) is a [[w:Germanic language|Germanic language]], with strong influence from [[w:Finnish|Finnish]]. It is the result of a prolonged contact among members of both groups after the Ravenish tribe migrated to the area that is now [[w:North Ostrobothnia|North Ostrobothnia]]. These connections slowly formed the modern language, which, under influence of Finnish for centuries, led to the innovation of several new forms, such as a conditional verb form and definiteness distinctions in nouns.
+'''Middle Ravenish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''tiüdiskön''; <small>Ravenish:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">[[w:International Phonetic Alphabet chart|[tiy̯.diʃ.køn]]</span>) is a [[w:Germanic language|Germanic language]], with strong influence from [[w:Finnish|Finnish]]. It is the result of a prolonged contact among members of both groups after the Ravenish tribe migrated to the area that is now [[w:North Ostrobothnia|North Ostrobothnia]]. These connections slowly formed the modern language, which, under influence of Finnish for centuries, led to the innovation of several new forms, such as a conditional verb form and definiteness distinctions in nouns.
 While its vocabulary derives for the most part from [[w:Proto-Germanic|Proto-Germanic]], there is significant Finnish influence in its phonology, grammar, and lexicon
@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
 ===Summary of changes from Proto-Germanic===
-tiïdiskön is a Germanic lang, it's directly descended from Proto-Germanic, it's spoken in Finland and has been since the late stage of the earliest form, [[Proto-Ravenish]], meaning it has significant amounts of influence from Finnish, even attaining vowel harmony from it, then through colloquial simplification, the modern form uses vowel harmony grammatically, nominative forms are marked through front vowels while accusative is marked through back vowels, the genitive simplified to the suffix 'ar', and the dative to '-ir'.
+tiüdiskön is a Germanic lang, it's directly descended from Proto-Germanic, it's spoken in Finland and has been since the late stage of the earliest form, [[Proto-Ravenish]], meaning it has significant amounts of influence from Finnish, even attaining vowel harmony from it, then through colloquial simplification, the modern form uses vowel harmony grammatically, nominative forms are marked through front vowels while accusative is marked through back vowels, the genitive simplified to the suffix 'er', and the dative to '-ir'.
 ==Etymology==
@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 ==Phonology==
 ===Orthography===
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
+|+ Orthography
+! IPA
+! colspan="2" | Letter
+|-
+! /ɑ, ɑː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | a, aa || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /æ, æː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | ä, ää || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /d/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | d || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /ɤ, ɤː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | e, ee || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /e, eː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | ë, ëë || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /f/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | f || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /g, gʷ/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | g, gv || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /h, hʷ/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | h, hv || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /i, iː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | i, ii || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /j/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | j || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /k, kʷ/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | k, kv || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /l/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | l || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /m/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | m || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /n/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | n || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /o, oː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | o, oo || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /ø, øː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | ö, öö || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /p/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | p || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /r/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | r || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /s, ʃ/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | s || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /t/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | t || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /u, uː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | u, uu  || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /y, yː/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | ü, üü || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+! /ʋ/
+| style="border-right: 0;" | v, b || style="border-left: 0;" |
+|-
+|}
+'ṿ' is often used in educational texts to help distinguish from a consonant cluster.
 ===Consonants===
@@ Line 58: / Line 135: @@
 | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
 | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
-| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]])¹, ŋʷ²
+| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]])¹, (ŋʷ²)
 |-
 ! [[w:stop consonant|Stop]]
 | style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
-| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless dental stop|t̪]], t̪ʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |
+| style="border-right: 0;" | t /[[w:Voiceless dental stop|t̪]]/, t̪ʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |
 | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
-| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]], kʷ || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]], gʷ
+| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]], kṿ /kʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]], gṿ /gʷ/
 |-
 ! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]]
 | style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
-| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]], sʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |
+| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]], sṿ /sʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" |
 | style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]])³ || style="border-left: 0;" |
-| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]], hʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |
+| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]], hṿ /hʷ/ || style="border-left: 0;" |
 |-
 ! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
-| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labial approximant|ʋ]]
+| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | v /[[w:Voiced labial approximant|ʋ]]/
 | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
 | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
@@ Line 210: / Line 287: @@
 |+ Colloquial personal pronouns
 |-
-! colspan=3 | !! Nominative !! Accusative !! Genitive !! Dative
+! colspan=3 | !! Nominative !! Accusative
 |-
 ! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#first person|first<br>person]] !! colspan=2 | singular
-| {{term|mïk}} || {{term|muk}} || {{term|mukar}} || {{term|mukir}}
+| {{term|mük}} || {{term|muk}}
 |- valign="top"
 ! colspan=2 valign="middle" | dual
-| {{term|ïnk}} || {{term|unk}} || {{term|unkar}} || {{term|unkir}}
+| {{term|ünk}} || {{term|unk}}
 |-
 ! colspan=2 valign="middle" | plural
-| {{term|ïns}} || {{term|uns}} || {{term|unsar}} || {{term|unsir}}
+| {{term|üns}} || {{term|uns}}
 |-
 ! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#second person|second<br>person]] !! colspan=2 | singular
-| {{term|tïk}} || {{term|tuk}} || {{term|tukar}} || {{term|tukir}}
+| {{term|tük}} || {{term|tuk}}
 |-
 ! colspan=2 | dual
-| {{term|ïnkw}} || {{term|unkw}} || {{term|unkwar}} || {{term|unkwir}}
+| {{term|ünkṿ}} || {{term|unkṿ}}
 |-
 ! colspan=2 | plural
-| {{term|ïrw}} || {{term|urw}} || {{term|urwar}} || {{term|urwir}}
+| {{term|ünsṿ}} || {{term|unsṿ}}
 |-
 ! rowspan=2 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#third person|third<br>person]] !! colspan=2 | singular
-| {{term|ïr}} || {{term|ur}} || {{term|urar}} || {{term|urir}}
+| {{term|ür}} || {{term|ur}}
 |-
 ! colspan=2 | plural
-| {{term|ïïr}} || {{term|uur}} || {{term|uurar}} || {{term|uurir}}
+| {{term|üür}} || {{term|uur}}
 |-
 ! colspan=3 | reflexive
-| {{term|se}} || {{term|së}} || {{term|sëar}} || {{term|sëir}}
+| {{term|së}} || {{term|se}}
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 286: / Line 363: @@
 ==Other resources==
-* [[Modern Ravenish/Swadesh|Swadesh]]
+* [[Middle Ravenish/Swadesh|Swadesh]]
-* [[Modern Ravenish/Phrasebook|Phrases]]
+* [[Middle Ravenish/Phrasebook|Phrases]]
-* [[:Category:Modern Ravenish lemmas|lemmas]]
+* [[:Category:Middle Ravenish lemmas|lemmas]]
-[[Category:Modern Ravenish]]
+[[Category:Middle Ravenish]]
 [[Category:Languages]]
 [[Category:Conlangs]]