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==Phoshic?==
== Burmese roms ==
1: *kʰēm- 2: *tʰiśōr- 3: *naš- 4: *mul- 5: *saliś- 6: *tʰām- 7: *rūd- 8: *lȫd- 9: *pakʰ- 10: *ceyōr-
=== v0 ===
==Damin==
<poem>
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
*Clicks: ʞ
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
*vowels: y ɤ æ


==CW Minlang #1==
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
/t k n a i ə/
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]


==Submarine Sandwich==
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
Vowels are doubled for length.
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
*₳ = /a/
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]
*฿ = /b/
*​₫ = /ð/
*₯ = /ɮ/
*€ = /i/
*¢ = /k/
*¢¢ = /ts/
*​₡ = /kʷ/
*₲ = /qʷ/
*​₣ = /w/
*₰ = /f/
*₴ = /ʔ/
*Ħ = /h/
*₭ = /x/
*£ = /l/
*₤ = /ɬ/
*ℳ = /m/
*₦ = /n/
*¤ = /ə/
*₱ = /p/
*₧ = /r/
*$ = /s/
*₪ = /ʃ/
*​₮ = /tɬ/
*₩ = /u/
*X̱ = /χ/
*¥ = /j/
*zł = /zʷ/


==Coffeebrew==
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
ha-: declarative
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]


she-: interrogative
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]


lakov: person
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]


iktzaf: language
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]


mutza: be
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]


me-dosh: sea
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]


shakfa - go
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]


daldelet - bird
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]


Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]


Haimuktzatzaf: I am a language.
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]
</poem>


Haimuktzatzafiya: I am not a language.
=== v1 ===
<poem>
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe
</poem>
=== v2 ===
<poem>
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le


Halamukotzav: I am a person.
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje
</poem>
=== v3 ===
Deliberately English/German-like


ha-147258693: 123 456's 789
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops


Halakodalkofadeltov: The man likes the bird
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi


she-124375869: does 123 456 789?
<poem>
Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot
</poem>


==Ricelandic==
<poem>
<sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be
</poem>


==Quame substrate==
== World's worst romanization for Vietnamese ==
=== Initials ===
<poem>
<poem>
p pʰ b t tʰ d ts tsʰ dz k kʰ g q qʰ ɢ
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
f v s z h m n ŋ l ɬ r w y ʟ ʟ̥
n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
a ā e ē i ī o ō u ū
f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh
ſ p{{lrb}} = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r
</poem>
 
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.


rū = 1
=== Nuclei ===
loze = 2
* u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
dō = 3
* η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô
mara = 4
 
bila = 5
=== Finals ===
dendza = 6
* ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
rūd = 7
* n ɟ y q = p t ch c
lozed = 8
* ι υ = /-j -w/
pazwa = 9
=== Tones ===
waru = 10
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga
 
==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē==
<poem>
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.
</poem>
</poem>


==Proto-Pulchric==
==Semantic drifts==
a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au
===Truth===
*true/proof > guilt
*to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
*true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win
 
==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic==
 
==Bylȳn==
[[Main_Page/Themsarian]]
 
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate
 
phonology:
*/m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}}
*/a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}}
**Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
*pitch accent
 
==Trician doublets==
*Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
*Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)
 
==Silly language family trees==
*Trigonic languages
**Sinitic
***Mandarin
***Cantonese
****Schwyzerdütsch
***Sinaitic
****Phoenician
*****Greek
******Inuktitut
**Coshitic
***Vietnamese
****Sinh
****Tanh
****Sech
***Hyperbolgarian
***Beta
***Proto-Afro-Asiatic
**Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
***Hessian German
***Turingian German
****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'')
****Lambda calculus
****Mathematica
****C++
*****Sanskrit
**Triforcian languages
***Hylian
****Tritriforcian languages
*****Tritritriforcian languages
******...
*******Sierpińskian
 
==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish==
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):
 
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic):
/p/ > /f/ <''f''>
/t/ > /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''>
/k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''>
 
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant)
/p/ > /pf/ <''pf''>
/t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch>
/k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch>
 
Phase 3
/b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''>
/d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''>
/ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''>
/g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''>
 
Other changes:
/θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''>
/f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel)
/sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/
Auslautverhärtung
 
==Paucal of humility==
There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.
==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar==
Txapoalli? Naquic?
 
==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)==
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?
 
Cedilla and double vowel mania
 
Mix in a little Dutch?
 
==IE conlang ideas==
*'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
*"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)
 
=="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs==
*Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
*sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!
 
==Some old gibs==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!
der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
(irish gib is also easy to adapt)
Und dauchte die Miegung.
Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
 
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine
 
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.
 
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte.
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.
 
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael
 
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang


p t ṭ c k b d ḍ ɟ g
==Scope of negation==
different negative markers for scope


pp tt ṭṭ cc kk bb dd ḍḍ ɟɟ gg
==Llanfair...gogogoch gib==
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)


m n ṇ ŋ l ḷ r ṛ j w ḥ
==Fyxámian national anthem==
===Eevo===
===English translation===
====Verse 1====
<poem>
[...]
[...]
''From antipode to antipode''
''Men of thy deeds do sing.''
</poem>
====Refrain====
 
==Book and paper titles in Eevo==
*(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'')
*(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'')
*''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259)
*''Regular Temperaments''
 
==Primitive Seargais==


==Mandarin Orange==
<poem>
<poem>
Consonants:
long vowels:
p b m mh f v ł (''b, p, m, hn, f, w, nl'')
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
t d n nh (''d, t, n, hn, þ, ð'')
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
!x g!x sj
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío
s c dz (''s, zs, nzs'')
sz ż cz dż (retroflexes) (''sr, r, dr, tr'')
si ci dzi (postalveolars) (''schi, gi, ki'')
j (''j'')
k g ch (''g, k, sch'')
ʔ (''Ø'')


Vowels:
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
i w ó (''ie, u, uo'')
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere
e y o (''e, ö, å'')
a (''ei'')


ij ół (''iej uoł'')
short vowels:
ej eł oj oł
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ
aj aw ał
ia wa óa
h ʔ


Tones:
changes from proto seargais to seargais
1: 55
high vowels move one POA
2: 33
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
3: 412
there's the merger
4: 53
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
5: 31
a e i o u æ ø y ->
6: 14ʱ
o e i u y a ø i
7: 1ˀ
e -> ə
8: 21ʱ
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
</poem>
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!
 
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e


==Nurian==
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/
*''dwch'' - grass
*''dwncha'' - I am a grass.
*''dwchyn'' - my grass
*''dwchys'' - thy (m) grass
*''dwchŷ'' - thy (f) grass
*''dwcho'' - his grass
*''dwchi'' - her grass
*''dwchaf'' - our (exc) grass


==Blablabla==
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
</poem>
===Seargais superstrate===
<poem>
<poem>
Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
compare
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
gim itzo Feuche haben,
these are heard by seargais speakers as
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.
</poem>
</poem>
===Seargais consonants===
<poem>
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)


==Future Korean==
Urú'ed:
===Transliteration===
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
<poem>
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
ㄱ '''k''' ㄲ '''kk''' ㅋ '''kh''' -ㅇ '''ŋ'''
the combined set of phonemes:
ㄷ '''t''' ㄸ '''tt''' ㅌ '''th''' ㄴ '''n'''
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
ㅂ '''p''' ㅃ '''pp''' ㅍ '''ph''' ㅁ '''m'''
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
ㅈ '''ty''' ㅉ '''tty''' ㅊ '''thy''' ㅅ '''s''' ㅆ '''ss'''
pf ts tɬ tʃ
ㄹ '''r''' ㅎ '''h'''
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology


ㅏ '''a''' ㅐ '''ä''' ㅑ '''ja''' ㅒ '''jä''' ㅘ '''oa'''
ㅓ '''e''' ㅔ '''ë''' ㅝ '''we''' etc.
ㅗ '''o''' ㅚ '''ö''' ㅛ '''jo'''
ㅜ '''w''' ㅟ '''wi''' ㅠ '''jw'''
ㅡ '''u''' ㅣ '''i''' ㅢ '''ui'''
</poem>
</poem>


===Sound changes===
==Huichaltzah's alien language==
*/sʰ/ > /h&#816;/ / #_, /s/ C_
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ
*/s͈/ > /s/
s ɬ x h
*/pʰ tʰ tɕʰ kʰ/ > /f θ ʃ x/
m n ŋ
*/h/ > ∅
l ʟ w j
a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)
 
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases
 
==Bändli==
Zulu pseudo-gib
 
===Initials===
 
schm, m > m, mh
 
schn, n > n, nh
 
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh
 
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
 
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
 
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq
 
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g


==Wiobian vowel changes==
r > hh
{| class="wikitable"
 
!
f, w > f, v
! Late Classical Wiobian
 
! Early Middle Wiobian
fl, kl, schl > hl
! Late Middle Wiobian
 
! Modern Standard Wiobian
bl, gl > dl
 
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
 
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/
 
j > y
 
schw > f
 
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
 
ent- > prenasalization
 
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! short ''i''
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! colspan="2" | Alveolar
! rowspan="2" | Palatal
! rowspan="2" | Velar
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
! central
! lateral
|-
! rowspan="4" | Click
! plain
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃ}}
|
|
|-
! aspirated
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃʰ}}
|
|
|-
|-
! long ''i''
! nasalised
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ᵑǃ}}
|
|
|-
! breathy nasalised
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}}
|
|
|-
|-
! short ''ü''
! rowspan="2" | Nasal
|  
! plain
|  
| {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA|n}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
| ŋ
|
|-
|-
! long ''ü''
! breathy
| {{IPA|mʱ}}
| {{IPA|nʱ}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ŋʱ}}
|  
|  
|-
! rowspan="4" | Stop
! voiceless
| {{IPA|p}}
| {{IPA|t}}
|
|
|  
|  
|
|-
! aspirated
| {{IPA|pʰ}}
| {{IPA|tʰ}}
|
|
| {{IPA|kʰ}}
|
|-
|-
! short ''u''
! breathy
|  
| {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA|d}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ɡ}}
|
|-
! implosive
| {{IPA|ɓ}}
| ɗ
|
|
| ɠ
|
|-
! rowspan="2" | Fricative
! voiceless
| {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA|ɬ}}
| {{IPA|ʃ}}
| x
| {{IPA|h}}
|-
! breathy
| {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA|ɮ}}
|
| ɣ
| {{IPA|ɦ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | Approximant
! plain
|
|
| {{IPA|l}}
| {{IPA|j}}
|  
|  
|
|}
===Vowels===
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
===Tones===
No tone
==Some Clofablang==
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
*Vowel harmony groups:
**high tense: i ʉ
**high lax: ɪ ʊ
**low: æ ʌ
**ə is neutral
==Russo-Salish==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!colspan="2" | Labial
!colspan="2" | Alveolar
!rowspan="2" | Retroflex
!colspan="2" | Velar
!rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
! <small>hard</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
|-
!rowspan="2"| Nasal
!<small>glottalized</small>
| ||
| n̪ʼ || nʲʼ
|  
|  
| ŋʲʼ
| ŋʼ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''u''
!<small>plain</small>
|  
| m || mʲ
| n̪ || nʲ
|  
|  
| ŋʲ
| ŋ
|  
|  
|-
!rowspan="3" | Stop
!<small>plain</small>
| ||
| t̪ || tʲ
|  
|  
| kʲ
| k
| ʔ
|-
|-
! short ''e''
!<small>ejective</small>
|  
| ||  
|  
| t̪ʼ || tʲʼ
|  
|  
| kʲʼ
| kʼ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''e''
!<small>voiced</small>
| b || bʲ
| d̪ || dʲ
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 246: Line 623:
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''ö''
!rowspan="3" | Affricate
|  
!<small>plain</small>
| ||
| ts || tsʲ
| tʂ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''ö''
!<small>ejective</small>
|  
| ||
| tsʼ || tsʲʼ
| tʂʼ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''o''
!<small>voiced</small>
| ||
| dz || dzʲ
| dʐ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| f || fʲ
| s || sʲ
| ʂ
| xʲ
| x
| h
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| v || vʲ
| z || zʲ
| ʐ
| ɣʲ
| ɣ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''o''
!rowspan=2| Approximant
!<small>glottalized</small>
| ||
| lˠʼ || lʲʼ
|  
|  
| jʼ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
!<small>plain</small>
| ||
| lˠ || lʲ
| 
| j
|
|
|}
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
! style="" |Close
| i
|  
|  
| u
|-
|-
! short ''ä''
! style="" |Mid
|  
|  
| ə
|  
|  
|-
! style="" |Open
|  
|  
| a
|  
|  
|}
==Salish + Old Chinese==
m n ŋ ŋʷ
mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ
p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ
b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ
s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each)
a e i o u ə
==CW language sketch==
m n
p t ts k q
b d dz g
s h ʀ
w l r j
i u
e o
æ a
==Some auxlang?==
===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''Consonants'''
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Coronal
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
|-
! long ''ä''
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
|  
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|  
|  
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|  
|  
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! |<small>unaspirated</small>
| '''b''' /p/
| '''d''' /t/
| '''j''' /tɕ/
| '''g''' /k/
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''a''
! |<small>aspirated</small>
|  
| '''p''' /pʰ/
|  
| '''t''' /tʰ/
|  
| '''ch''' /tɕʰ/
| '''k''' /kʰ/
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''a''
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
|  
| '''f''' /f/
|  
| '''s''' /s/
|  
| '''sh''' /ɕ/
|  
| '''kh''' /x/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
|-
! short ''å''
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|  
| '''w''' /w~v/
|  
| '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/
| '''y''' /j/
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''å''
! colspan="2" |Trill
|  
|  
| '''r''' /r/
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 307: Line 781:
|}
|}


==Themsarian/de==
===Vowels===
:''Der korrekte Titel dieses Artikels lautet "Themsarisch".''


Die '''themsarische Sprache''', auch bezeichnet als '''Edles Themsarisch''', ist eine alte talsmische Sprache, die im Andaegṓr-Imperium gebräuchlich war.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
 
|+ '''Vowels'''
==Netagin/de==<!--
Die '''Netagin'''-Sprache (Netagin: ''brítz nˀAthághín'' 'Sprechen in unserer Welse') ist eine Sprache, welche sowohl Wurzelkonsonanten als auch Anlautmutationen verwendet. (vgl. Hebräisch.)-->
 
==PIE in Hebrew==
This Hebrew abjadic script is based on the glottalic theory: "voiced" stops are written as Hebrew emphatic consonants, and "breathy voiced" stops are written as voiced stops. Also note that the "palatal" series of stops is transcribed with the Hebrew affricate series (thus showing a coincidental Satem bias).
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="8"|'''Consonants'''
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | [[labial consonant|Labial]]
! rowspan="2" | [[coronal consonant|Coronal]]
! colspan=3| [[dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Laryngeal theory|Laryngeal]]
|-
! <small>palatal</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labial</small>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
! style="width: 60px; "|
| {{heb|מ}} *{{PIE|m}}
!  style="width: 60px; " |Front
| {{heb|נ}} *{{PIE|n}}
!  style="width: 60px; " |Central
| || || ||
!  style="width: 60px; " |Back
|-
|-
! rowspan=3| [[Stop consonant|Plosive]]
! style="" |Close
! <small>voiceless</small>
| '''i''' /i/
| {{heb|פ}} *{{PIE|p}}
| {{heb|ת}} *{{PIE|t}}
| {{heb|ס}} *{{PIE|ḱ}}
| {{heb|כ}} *{{PIE|k}}
| {{heb|כ׳}} *{{PIE|kʷ}}
|
|
| '''u''' /u/
|-
|-
! <small>voiced/ejective?</small>
! style="" |Mid
| ({{heb|פ׳}} *{{PIE|b}})
| '''e''' /e/
| {{heb|ט}} *{{PIE|d}}
| '''ə''' /ø~ə~ɤ/
| {{heb|צ}} *{{PIE|ǵ}}
| '''o''' /o/
| {{heb|ק}} *{{PIE|g}}
| {{heb|ק׳}} *{{PIE|gʷ}}
|
|-
|-
! <small>(breathy) voiced</small>
! style="" |Open
| {{heb|ב}} *{{PIE|bʰ}}
| {{heb|ד}} *{{PIE|dʰ}}
| {{heb|ז}} *{{PIE|ǵʰ}}
| {{heb|ג}} *{{PIE|gʰ}}
| {{heb|ג׳}} *{{PIE|gʷʰ}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
| {{heb|ש}} *{{PIE|s}}
| || ||
| {{heb|א}} *Ø<BR/>{{heb|ה}} *{{PIE|h₁}}<BR/>{{heb|ע}} *{{PIE|h₂}}<BR/>{{heb|ע׳}} *{{PIE|h₃}}
|-
! colspan="2" | [[liquid consonant|Liquid]]
|
| {{heb|ר}} *{{PIE|r}}<BR/>{{heb|ל}} *{{PIE|l}}
| || || ||
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Semivowel]]
|  
|  
|  
| '''a''' /a/
| {{heb|י}} *{{PIE|y}}
|
| {{heb|ו}} *{{PIE|w}}
|
|
|}
|}


Diphthongs: '''ai ao''' /ai au/
===Phonotactics===
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
==Σȣομʚ==
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
==Qe!==
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
==Pristac Guanorliviroc==
<poem>
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:250px; text-align: center;"
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
|-
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
!colspan="2"|Ablaut grades
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
|-
pristac guanorliviroc!
|{{heb|אֶ}} *{{PIE|e}}||{{heb|אָ}} *{{PIE|o}}
 
|-
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
|{{heb|אֵ}} *{{PIE|ē}}||{{heb|אֹ}} *{{PIE|ō}}
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
|-
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
|colspan="2"|{{heb|אְ}} *Ø
pristac guanorliviroc!
|}
 
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
</poem>
 
==Finno-Arabic==
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
 
==Irish with pharyngealized consonants==
 
 
/a/: a ea ae eae
/e/: oeu eu oe e
/i/: ai ia aia i
/o/: o uo uea ue
/u/: aua ua au u
 
==Uncanny valley Korean==
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
 
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
 
Vowels:  /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
 
==Proto-Eomujic==
*ä, a, e, o
*eu, i <- syllabic resonants
 
*p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
*s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
*m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
==Gleb phonologies==
===SEA-esque===
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ
mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ
pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k
ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h
l̻ j w
 
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː
e eː ɘ ɘː o oː
ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː
a aː
===Indic-esque===
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ
pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ
f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
r ɽ j
i u
ɪ ʊ
ɑ
 
 
(C1)V(C2)
 
C1: a consonant


===Schleicher's fable===
V: a vowel
<p align=center>{{heb|<big>עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוׂשךֶ׳</big>}}</p>


<p align=center><big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big></p>
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/


<p align=center>{{heb|עָ֫וְיְש, יֶ֫שְמְין עְוְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶאֶ֫הֶשְת, טֶטָרְסֶ הֶ֫סְוָנְש, תָ֫ם, וָ֫זָם קֶ֫׳רְעְוְם וֶ֫זָנְתְם, תָ֫ם, בָ֫רָם מֶ֫צָעְם, תָ֫ם, דְזֶ֫מָנְם עָאְסְ֫ו בֶ֫רָנְתְם. עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוָבָש אֶוֶוְכֶ׳(ת): סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי מָי וְיְטְנְתֶ֫י דְזְמָ֫נְם הֶ֫סְוָנְש עֶ֫זצָנְתְם. הֶ֫סְוׂש הֶוֶוְך׳: סְלְוְדְי, עָוְי! סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי וְיְטְנְתְבָ֫ש: דְזֶ֫מֹ(ן), פָ֫תְיְס, עְוְלְנֶ֫עְם עָ֫וְיָם כְ׳נֶוְתְי שֶ֫בָי גִ֫׳רְמָם וֶ֫שְתְרָם; עֶ֫וְיְבָשךֶ׳ וְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶ֫הֶסְתְי. תָ֫ט סֶסְלְוְוׂ֫ש עָ֫וְיְש עֶ֫צְרָם אֶבְוְקֶ(ת).}}</p>
===Pseudo-Polynesian===


<p align=center>h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).</p>
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a


==Semitic notes==
(C)V


u/i merge: Ge'ez; a/i merge: (kinda) Hebrew; a/u merge: (kinda) Socovíc as of 3/16/2015
C: a consonant


==Or maybe settle for this==
V: a vowel
{{cardo|iómo, ióma, ióme, iomúma, iomíma, iomíma<br/>
léla, léla, léla, leláto, leláte, leláte}}


Gleb seed 1516956979


{{cardo|ásmoro, ásmor; tásmoro, tásmor; tásmori; iásmoro, iásmor; iásmori; násmoro, násmor; tásmoru; iásmoru}}
===Liquidless pseudo-French===
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã


==North Semlang 2nd try==
(C1)V(C2)
*still want conditional a/u merger and nasal Vs
*i-umlaut
**a, u > ø / _Ci
**ā > é / _Ci
**u > ø / _Ci
**ū > ý / _Ci
**aw > ǿ / _Ci
**ay > í / _Ci
*need to start from triptotic declension here:


===PNSem===
C1: a consonant
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''yawmu'' || ''yawmā(mi)'' || ''yawmū(ma)''
|-
! Accusative
| ''yawma'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
|-
! Genitive
| ''yawmi'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
|}


===Early===
V: a vowel
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''jóm'' || ''jómá(mi)'' || ''jómú(m)''
|-
! Accusative
| ''jóm''~''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|-
! Genitive
| ''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|}


==Judeo-Indo-Aryan==
C2: a consonant
A modern Indo-Aryan language spoken by Jews in India.


*Use Babylonian Hebrew, not Tiberian Hebrew
Gleb seed 1601724777
*Differs more from Hindustani than Yiddish does from German
*Lot of additional palatalization


==Atzòpic==
===A nice one===
{{Infobox language
|image =  
|imagesize =  
|name = Atzòpic
|nativename = hìzbut atzòpį
|pronunciation= [atsəˈpĩ]
|region =
|extinct =
|fam1=Zachydic
|fam2=Raxo-Talsmic
|fam3=Ractamic
|familycolor=zachydic
|ancestor=Old Atzòpic
|script= Raxic script
|iso3=
|notice=IPA
}}


''Neguąsitł Linguifeczix, acthìzbutètł dǫsix uicìx!''
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː


Motivated by Raxic C[+ejective]V > Atzòpic C[-ejective]V[+creaky] - Hence the ejectives disappear.
(C1)V(C2)


/ks/ > /xs/ > /ʃ/
C1: a consonant


Seven cases:
V: a vowel


*nominative -Ø
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
*accusative ''-z''
*genitive ''-c'' (animate sg.?)/''-z'' (inanimate sg.?)/''-u'' (animate pl.?)
*dative ''-tł''
*locative-comitative ''-x''
*ablative ''-ː~'' (nasalized vowel)
*instrumental ''-ːl''


Vowels change according to historical stress positions as well as historical ejective consonants. The Ractamic stress/vowel system start out similarly to Latin, but develop in very different directions.
Gleb seed 1364524938


{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
===vaguely Clofab===
! colspan="10" | Consonants
consonants:
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 136px; "|
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Labial
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Coronal
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Velar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Uvular
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
|-
! style="width:68px;" |<small>central</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>lateral</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>plain</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>labialized</small>
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
|
| <span style="color:gray;">[ŋ]</span>
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style=""  |Plosive
! |<small>tenuis</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
|
|
| '''c''' /k/
| '''qu''' /kʷ/
|
| '''h''' /ʔ/
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
| '''b''' /pʰ/
| '''d''' /tʰ/
|
|
| '''g''' /kʰ/
| '''gu''' /kʷʰ/
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| '''f''' /f/
| '''z''' /s~z/
| '''ł''' /ɬ/
| '''x''' /ʃ/
|
|
|
|<span style="color:gray;">[ʰ~ɦ]</span>
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Affricate
! |<small>tenuis</small>
|
| '''tz''' /ts/
| '''tł''' /tɬ/
| '''tx''' /tʃ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
|
| '''dz''' /tsʰ/
| '''dł''' /tɬʰ/
| '''dx''' /tʃʰ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant
|
| '''s''' /ɹ/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|
| '''u''' /w/
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}


==Music theory terminology==
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
*blackwood[10] major: ''rāmáth'' 'diurnal'
*blackwood[10] minor: ''mináth'' 'nocturnal'
*the different ways of subtly tuning/i.e. well-temperaments are called 'seasons' (that lengthen or shorten the day and night).


==Talsmic==
vowels:
===Themsarian===
In Themsarian the topic is NOT prominent - the topic comes immediately after the verb most of the time?


===Old Vernacular Talsmic===
a e i o u
Old Vernacular Talsmic dialects are largely similar to Noble Themsarian, but there are grammatical, lexical and stylistic differences:
*Using the subject-infinitive more and more, eventually to express various aspectual and modal meanings.
**The synthetic preterite falls into disuse, being supplanted by the "after {{sc|infinitive-subject}}" construction.
*Collapses all state distinctions in adjectives (into the former predicative form)
*The dual is often not used, except for emphasis or stylistic reasons.


syllable structure: (C)V


Given topic prominence and topicalization = fronting, new (discourse-new) subject is fronted, since it is new topic. Then this becomes a topic prominent/V2 language as in vernacular Talsmic. Relative clauses are by default VSO but can undergo fronting for focus. Discourse-new object is fronted as well.
Gleb seed 1390372573


===Qelorian===
===Liquidless phonology===
*The subject of a relative clause is indexed by adding a pronominal suffix on the head (if they are different)
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x


===Núrian===
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
"Double Irish" aesthetic? Namely, fricatives 'h' + aspiration written with 'h'. The same could be accomplished with slenderness with...?


==Diachronics lab==
(C)V(N)
Pluractionality ≈ antipassive


we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
C: a consonant


Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man
V: a vowel


Classifiers are in construct state
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/


this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
Gleb seed 1408165181


apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
==A Damin==
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
*Clicks: ʞ
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
*vowels: y ɤ æ


PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
==from An Bhlaoighne==
<poem>
big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'


CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN
to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith
</poem>


evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis verb
dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)


feminine > abstract > honorific
==Long German gibby word==
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum
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