User:IlL/Sketchbook: Difference between revisions

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==Proto-Pulchric==
== Burmese roms ==
a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū
=== v0 ===
 
p t k s ś b d g z ź
 
pp tt kk ts tś bb dd gg dz dź
 
m n ŋ l r w
 
==Mandarin Orange==
<poem>
<poem>
Consonants:
Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
p b m mh f v ł (''b, p, m, hn, f, w, nl'')
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
t d n nh th dh l (''d, t, n, hn, þ, ð'')
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]
s c dz (''s, zs, nzs'')
sz ż cz dż (retroflexes) (''sr, r, dr, tr'')
si ci dzi (postalveolars) (''schi, gi, ki'')
j (''j'')
k g ch (''g, k, sch'')
ʔ (''Ø'')


Vowels:
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
i w ó (''ie, u, uo'')
tui. prany, tui. mre
e y o (''e, ö, å'')
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
a (''ei'')


ij ół (''iej uoł'')
Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
ej eł oj oł
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
aj aw ał
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]
ia wa óa
h ʔ


Tones:
Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
1: 55
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
2: 33
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]
3: 412
4: 53
5: 31
6: 14ʱ
7: 1ˀ
8: 21ʱ
</poem>


==Nurian==
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
*''dwch'' - grass
tui. prany tui. mre
*''dwncha'' - I am a grass.
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]
*''dwchyn'' - my grass
*''dwchys'' - thy (m) grass
*''dwchŷ'' - thy (f) grass
*''dwcho'' - his grass
*''dwchi'' - her grass
*''dwchaf'' - our (exc) grass


==Tamil/Basque hybrid==
Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
==Nail Polish script==
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
<poem>
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]
peṭh = bear = ɤ
teñmhyff = mushroom = ɷ
tsordh = hourglass = χ
señ = head = ɵ
tleba = goblet = ʋ
llbhera = clock = ɸ
ṭílhyll = cloud = ɯ
ṣuet = rose = ɘ
cmath = jaw = ɜ
bañr = hill = ʌ
drídlh = river = ʭ
dzítra = fence = ʜ
zalhyth = ant = ɶ
dlyrṣa = plough = ʄ
ła = human being = ɧ
ḍarbha = seesaw = ʎ
ẓí = hair = ɪ
genw = foot = ɺ
mínth = arm = ʏ
núryt = star = ʞ
ngwler = boat = ʁ
ryłeth = tree = ʡ
líff = moon = ɔ
uúthma = whale = ɚ
iachta = navel = ʘ
Terg ''fozabh'' = root = ɻ
lenition sign = ː


a: ʱ ''ła ẓhery''
Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
e: ˠ ''peṭh ẓhery''
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
i: ʷ ''ṭílhyll ẓhery''
(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]
o: ˣ ''tsordh ẓhery''
ú: ˧˥ ''núryt ẓhery''
w: ʶ ''ngwler ẓhery''
y: ˀ ''ryłeth ẓhery''
A nasal vowel is written with an ǃ after its oral counterpart, so for example, deñr (three) is <ʭˠǃʡ>.
</poem>


==Blablabla==
Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
<poem>Seiber Zäufstohr des Neibchen pim der Kohrstänge
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
Smiley like
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]


what does that mean in Wiob?
Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
seib and neib should be words
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
or neif
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]
seib: snow


Neif SHOULD NOT mean cloud
Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
neif - plaque
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
seip, neib in Wä.
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]
or Seibe > Seippe


seippe looks finnishy
Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]


maybe Wätzmer can be finnishy?
Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]


vätsmär
Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
w/ consonant gradation perhaps
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]
</poem>


<tsm> is more estonianish however
=== v1 ===
<poem>
Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe
</poem>
=== v2 ===
<poem>
Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ{{breve}} my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ{{breve}} tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le


estonian tends to syncope
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
the native name is Wäßßma
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje
</poem>
=== v3 ===
Deliberately English/German-like


vätsma
Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops


looks like an Estonian word
Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!


Kypyyseltä välmeseltyksemistä tavaallon tyyhytyöksä.
<poem>
Was und wemm war des Gemminges?
Rimes:
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot
</poem>


Kemminget ovat kyttämmäydän huoppenusta.
<poem>
<sup>k</sup>gəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be
</poem>


kas siibris on õimisääksud vuudel riiskunäiglises?
== World's worst romanization for Vietnamese ==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
=== Initials ===
<poem>
ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
n{{lsb}} n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ{{lrb}} q{{lrb}} = ph th kh
ſ p{{lrb}} = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r
</poem>


Smiley smile
The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and {{angbr|ƿ}} is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ{{lsb}}ηɟ̃, ƿ{{lrb}}ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.


gibberish is fun!
=== Nuclei ===
Zwümmel und Zwäffer!
* u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
* η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô


jah, kindlasti, tsvümmelist ja tsvähverist põiruksid määdesti külimadelt!
=== Finals ===
Der Miedramm hat die Konstingation in die Jaltengrohm eingesporchen.
* ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃  = m n nh ng
* n ɟ y q = p t ch c
* ι υ = /-j -w/
=== Tones ===
tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga


der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
==Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē==
Und dauchte die Miegung.
<poem>
1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.  
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.  
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.
</poem>


Und Schmacht. Und Teichlacht. Und Teiceacht.
==Semantic drifts==
Und jusche die mortächtlein
===Truth===
Smiley frown
*true/proof > guilt
*to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
*true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win


Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
==Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic==
Ei weh und ojeh
i don't know if that' s real german


egg pain and ojeh
==Bylȳn==
Knau und Schmau
[[Main_Page/Themsarian]]
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
Ei is also an old fashioned exclamation


Na łbacach na świecznych do włórwych.
put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate
as in "ei Großmutter, was hast du für große Ohren"
deshchervennya lakitsa


Nie! Jest neirmych na strówniech, ha shadoch ve mildavoch.
phonology:
Waski i mrzetny po dzieciół
*/m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ {{angbr|m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l}}
*/a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ {{angbr|a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua}}
**Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
*pitch accent


Mi voloch ha shamach, agus táimeach und türmach.
==Trician doublets==
eyn shechen
*Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
mayn kullishke un di mipfnle
*Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)


oy vey!
==Silly language family trees==
*Trigonic languages
**Sinitic
***Mandarin
***Cantonese
****Schwyzerdütsch
***Sinaitic
****Phoenician
*****Greek
******Inuktitut
**Coshitic
***Vietnamese
****Sinh
****Tanh
****Sech
***Hyperbolgarian
***Beta
***Proto-Afro-Asiatic
**Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
***Hessian German
***Turingian German
****[[Tyrith]] (from older ''*Türiŋit'')
****Lambda calculus
****Mathematica
****C++
*****Sanskrit
**Triforcian languages
***Hylian
****Tritriforcian languages
*****Tritritriforcian languages
******...
*******Sierpińskian


Oy mishchal ist ein midavoth und ein tedirgim.
==Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish==
und ich shterre di shracht und oych die oymerchen.
Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):
ja, eyn mitzle un eyn tertzoym ham di porses geshnoyllen


Ein mitzle? Lo! Ein Mitzle!
Phase 1 (final or intervocallic):
/p/ > /f/ <''f''>
/t/ > /s/ <''ß''>
/c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <''s/sch''>
/k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <''ch''>


(one mitzle? No! Not one mitzle!)
Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant)
Smiley smile
/p/ > /pf/ <''pf''>
und die maspeles-muvtzech ham alle die prettung
/t/ > /ts/ <''ßß''> > word initially /s/ <''ß''>
making up fake hebraeo-yiddish as I go
/c/ > /cç/ > later /''tʃ''/ <zsch>
/k/ > /kx/ > later /''χ''/ <ch>


und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
Phase 3
na chloszczi isz martechim!
/b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <''p''>
lo ha jaddur!
/d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <''t''>
/ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <''z''>
/g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <''k''>


i like "Ein mitzle? Lo! Ein Mitzle!"
Other changes:
inna al marjaab wa-l tasfiis!
/θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <''d''>
/f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <''b''> (after a vowel)
/sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/
Auslautverhärtung


al-qaaḥut almushaḍḍazar?
==Paucal of humility==
Laaaaaaaa!
There are three numbers: singular ({{sc|sg}}) representing one object, paucal ({{sc|pc}}) for a few, and plural ({{sc|pl}}) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.
Kam tamtik anta wa talawwid!
==Something with my old Tsjoen grammar==
*throws table*
Txapoalli? Naquic?
mattaku, hachigeru makimatte no watadehakaru no!


Ana taflīqan mukhayyadun wa shaaribun aqqarāmatun. Wa ḥalaafliṭan wa sífeann i bhfáigeanna agus mo táilibh. Wa khiirat agus takatemo donna kawemiʕazu no tawatte mo bhfakemasu.
==Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)==
addaqamaatio
A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?
al-marjimaatio et desinqaatio


*japanese ire over arab dominance intensifies*
Cedilla and double vowel mania
emathiemon!
ho makalos emaphiston kai phegmarrestai!


Makarebhyam madhiśrāmi vṛṇyāni tam bharevyaham
Mix in a little Dutch?
kekhammerentai gar he bore en o maksino


Tūryam te carkate bāhuḥ manobhidram tamāṅkṣyasi
==IE conlang ideas==
*'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
*"try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)


Kṣairyam dhāryam mahantrebhir maho dhvāntam pradeśyatha
=="Ah, meine Treußer" gibs==
Veak smae leang kngaat!
*Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
*sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!


Mahataḥ sarvamṛkṣyeṣu pheṇya te śuryatām bhavet
==Some old gibs==
Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer.
Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen
der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt!
der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht.
(irish gib is also easy to adapt)
Und dauchte die Miegung.
Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha.
An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach?
und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí
bhonom ebhrtyois ma ghrtyoysom
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen
 
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim
Kmei Weat nour Seir Mott
Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen śvetyadhārṇena vīkṣyate
is that Wiob or Trây gibberish?
Smaek teat mairiuil na schwecker
trây/Khmer
Na mhfeargamh fiom galleabh ta bhaltuine
Schweif - tail in German
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha
Má leichteoir mí ngarreann h-Aoidhinneachtóir


fake netagin or fake irish?
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine
Geamhalann na bprúchaí i mhfárdhúla agus i bpódha


that's netagin!
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.


nope it's irish
die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte.
just using <mhf> on purpose
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.


wtf?
Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael


dalarong sangsawit ngrampa memanterjenegan prapat
Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang
Múr habe ich geschngötteachtart?


barukantar pepanggaltun maring salwasatar panam
==Scope of negation==
weataveasaat di miireanaakuuh
different negative markers for scope
dunno what i'm doing here


dāng de hēishú le chāngshuár xūn píngzài chū qián de qiébuqié
==Llanfair...gogogoch gib==
langsakat maa thao weun tai fai miin!
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)
saanikotaar miteeasaLaNTar metaRRasammaL


Klingon?!
==Fyxámian national anthem==
Tamil, Wich taRRu me deachtar
===Eevo===
===English translation===
====Verse 1====
<poem>
[...]
[...]
''From antipode to antipode''
''Men of thy deeds do sing.''
</poem>
====Refrain====


vaghbe' Da fat pIgh SuD ghet awt!
==Book and paper titles in Eevo==
*(''A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields'')
*(''Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties'')
*''Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb'' (''Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields'') (fT 2259)
*''Regular Temperaments''


'the fat pig should get out'
==Primitive Seargais==
PirakanninaL keTareNappayiyum geretayyaRRankal


kiNTaar cirutayil paaravaik kaaNil paNTaar tavaraiyum chuuzham
<poem>
caleNakettaraTTiyaiyuul naNNar veetavaakaneetarmutayaikurum
long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío


vaLapperum toolaikku maaRRamait tanakku
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
kaLippuRam taaviNaic ceRRal
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere
cevamaNezharal metiNNeeturekaR kakkettuyi neekatayikum
I don't know if I really sound Tamil
especailly with all the missing liquids
Letavaceemooyitum!!


maNarcciyil takuminpa taazhvartam karattil vaNalaaka puRRamaitthuc caal
short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ


kiTTamait terittamin vaLivaNNa maRRayail
changes from proto seargais to seargais
muTTalak kaNattiyam taaLpar
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!


Tamil is really easy to fake
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e


wattanachot prangkhun thaweephan khwaanprapong chattana prathaangkhot thongphun
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/


Initial <g> is not very Tamil
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
</poem>
===Seargais superstrate===
<poem>
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
</poem>
===Seargais consonants===
<poem>
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)


that's a great party trick
Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology


know the words for hello in may languages and then start gibbing away
</poem>
 
Sawatdee! Khun prongchawaan thaeng sat paan thung khramaat laew waenphon!
 
Hola! De treños cazón que ballerebádelos danjos de la huachongas!
 
As an ancient Indian sage once said, "Pṛthībhir uktyām patiśeṣya vāram", which means "Life is bullshit"
 
i love the look of sanskrit
 
i have to create vruszka
 
by the way that last one:
cevamaNezharal metiNNeeturekaR kakkettuyi neekatayikum
sounded more like Malayalam
 
do you plan to have any languages with a dravidian esthetic?
 
the retroflex mania language is essentially a parody of dravidian
 
ʈɳopɭaɖa ɭaaɭaɳ = hello everybody
 
in my conworld Mategian grammar is very close to Dravidian
 
q’ù tǎr ùk fˁǎt qʷˁ’ǒn χá sàw ŋúk qˁér
 
fake crockartoot
 
Dyszły ŋąłydhmen fęchułszcz łyv hłórneth.


fake nail polish
==Huichaltzah's alien language==
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ
s ɬ x h
m n ŋ
l ʟ w j
a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)


what do you think?
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases


maybe a malayalam-style Azzanic language?
==Bändli==
Zulu pseudo-gib


you already have ṭ and ḍ
===Initials===


you can deveop other retroflexes
schm, m > m, mh


my favorite is "Und Schmacht. Und Teichlacht. Und Teiceacht."
schn, n > n, nh


(of the gibberish sentences we constructed)
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh


Schmacht looks extremely German (i think it even means something - slow?)
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
Teichlacht is also German but we can see a little Irish creeping up
Teiceacht is extremely Irish
Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst!
Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.


wiob intensifies
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
Anlenig mallerst du in befüderten Ginderungen, und dann wirst du nach kraubigen Hälnern mackeln, um ninnige Stupfinger Retzungen schmauer aufzustähren und zu verzeimen.
Schleitere Hachtshagerungen beschimmst du in meiner Wängelstrauge an. Beiche dir gut! Ich zauge deine Wirche!
Mögest du eine schnaub hankierte Räuferei haben!
And there is a labeled diagram with the labels:
(Die Zammergeschnaltung
Die Bekeuderung
Die Aufgräumer
das Gemätz
die Wegeln
die Zuschwiedsschreisterkräubchen


voynich!
ŧ, , đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq
Stupfinger Retzungen sounds like a German MacGuffin
Eh, was betarrst du? ist das schmüßig für dich?
Academic German gibberish
die Anschrängerungen verkiechen die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierten.
Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren.
Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον!
Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον.
Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.


the fake tamil was the best
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
η αρρώμη και η ψώρα ετεμψαν.
έτεμψαν
αμινίζω γαρ σημιλώς γοννάρης


I aminize as the symil has been gonnared!
r > hh
Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine.</poem>


==Clofabinylin==
f, w > f, v
<poem>
Methavir nalaminyl mekerylide ester axoram. (I speak about love and hate.)
Etholin methogen klerax? (Are you saving it for me?)
Methazopropevir nalam, elir propyl zafaramine yzodam. (We love him, therefore we celebrate his inauguration.)


fl, kl, schl > hl


bl, gl > dl


-az(o)- (plural; also the pluractional clitic)
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
-in, -0 (nominative)
-ine (accusative)
-yl (genitive, attributive, rel clause)
-(e)tam (dative)
-ox (instrumental)
-one (comitative)
-ane (essive)
-anol (separative)
-anal (lative)
-ene (inessive)
-enol (elative)
-enal (illative)
-yne (adessive)
-ynol (ablative)
-ynal (allative)
-ide (and/also, like Latin -que)
-ogen (benefactive)
-yl ester (about)
-oic (causative)
-ile (terminative)


Methavir nalam - I love.
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/
Methavir nalax - Do I love?
Methavir nalane - Yes, I do love.
Methavir nalem - I do not love.
Methavir nalex - Do I not love?
Methavir nalene - No, I do not love.


Nala! - Love!
j > y
Nale! - Do not love!


nalevam - be loved
schw > f
nalexam - make sb/sth love


Does your gargerist tilsey a rearvar?
z, s, sch > s, z, sh


</poem>
ent- > prenasalization


==Neckthai==
===Consonants===
===Capital===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
<poem>
''ritte muse kleime Spiuger,''
''... Brackes ... nir,''
''... Wiuger,''
''... nie Vîer.''
</poem>
 
==Wetzmerian==
===Nouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''Wande'' (f.) - body
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! style="width: 150px;" | Singular
! rowspan="2" | Labial
! style="width: 150px;" | Plural
! colspan="2" | Alveolar
! rowspan="2" | Palatal
! rowspan="2" | Velar
! rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
! Nominative
! central
| ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
! lateral
|-
|-
! Accusative
! rowspan="4" | Click
| ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
! plain
|-
|
! Genitive
| ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
|-
! Dative
| ''Wands'' || ''Wandans''
|-
! Predicative
| ''Wande'' || ''Wanda''
|}
 
==Proto-Wiobic==
===Nouns===
====Masculine====
====Feminine====
====a-stems====
====i-stems====
====u-stems====
====∅-stems====
 
===Verbs===
====Thematic====
====Athematic====
===Adjectives===
 
==Future Korean==
===Transliteration===
<poem>
ㄱ '''k''' ㄲ '''kk''' ㅋ '''kh''' -ㅇ '''ŋ'''
ㄷ '''t''' ㄸ '''tt''' ㅌ '''th''' ㄴ '''n'''
ㅂ '''p''' ㅃ '''pp''' ㅍ '''ph''' ㅁ '''m'''
ㅈ '''ty''' ㅉ '''tty''' ㅊ '''thy''' ㅅ '''s''' ㅆ '''ss'''
ㄹ '''r''' ㅎ '''h'''
 
ㅏ '''a''' ㅐ '''ä''' ㅑ '''ja''' ㅒ '''jä''' ㅘ '''oa'''
ㅓ '''e''' ㅔ '''ë''' ㅝ '''we''' etc.
ㅗ '''o''' ㅚ '''ö''' ㅛ '''jo'''
ㅜ '''w''' ㅟ '''wi''' ㅠ '''jw'''
ㅡ '''u''' ㅣ '''i''' ㅢ '''ui'''
</poem>
 
===Sound changes===
*/sʰ/ > /h&#816;/ / #_, /s/ C_
*/s͈/ > /s/
*/pʰ tʰ tɕʰ kʰ/ > /f θ ʃ x/
*/h/ > ∅
 
==Wiobian vowel changes==
{| class="wikitable"
!  
! Late Classical Wiobian
! Early Middle Wiobian
! Late Middle Wiobian
! Modern Standard Wiobian
|-
! short ''i''
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃ}}
|
|
|-
! aspirated
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ǃʰ}}
|
|
|-
|-
! long ''i''
! nasalised
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ᵑǃ}}
|
|
|-
! breathy nasalised
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ᶢǃʱ}}
|
|
|-
|-
! short ''ü''
! rowspan="2" | Nasal
|  
! plain
|  
| {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA|n}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
| ŋ
|
|-
|-
! long ''ü''
! breathy
| {{IPA|mʱ}}
| {{IPA|nʱ}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
| {{IPA|ŋʱ}}
|  
|  
|-
! rowspan="4" | Stop
! voiceless
| {{IPA|p}}
| {{IPA|t}}
|
|
|  
|  
|
|-
! aspirated
| {{IPA|pʰ}}
| {{IPA|tʰ}}
|
|
| {{IPA|kʰ}}
|
|-
! breathy
| {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA|d}}
|
|
| {{IPA|ɡ}}
|
|-
! implosive
| {{IPA|ɓ}}
| ɗ
|
|
| ɠ
|
|-
|-
! short ''u''
! rowspan="2" | Fricative
|  
! voiceless
|  
| {{IPA|f}}
|  
| {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA|ɬ}}
| {{IPA|ʃ}}
| x
| {{IPA|h}}
|-
! breathy
| {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA|ɮ}}
|
| ɣ
| {{IPA|ɦ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | Approximant
! plain
|
|
| {{IPA|l}}
| {{IPA|j}}
|  
|  
|
|}
===Vowels===
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
===Tones===
No tone
==Some Clofablang==
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
*Vowel harmony groups:
**high tense: i ʉ
**high lax: ɪ ʊ
**low: æ ʌ
**ə is neutral
==Russo-Salish==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
! long ''u''
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
|  
!colspan="2" | Labial
|  
!colspan="2" | Alveolar
|  
!rowspan="2" | Retroflex
|  
!colspan="2" | Velar
!rowspan="2" | Glottal
|-
|-
! short ''e''
! <small>hard</small>
|
! <small>soft</small>
|
! <small>hard</small>
|
! <small>soft</small>
|
! <small>soft</small>
! <small>hard</small>
|-
|-
! long ''e''
!rowspan="2"| Nasal
|  
!<small>glottalized</small>
|  
| ||  
| n̪ʼ || nʲʼ
|  
|  
| ŋʲʼ
| ŋʼ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''ö''
!<small>plain</small>
|  
| m || mʲ
|  
| n̪ || nʲ
|  
|  
| ŋʲ
| ŋ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''ö''
!rowspan="3" | Stop
|  
!<small>plain</small>
|  
| ||  
|  
| t̪ ||
|  
|  
| kʲ
| k
| ʔ
|-
|-
! short ''o''
!<small>ejective</small>
|  
| ||  
|  
| t̪ʼ || tʲʼ
|  
|  
| kʲʼ
| kʼ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''o''
!<small>voiced</small>
| b || bʲ
| d̪ || dʲ
|  
|  
|  
|  
Line 557: Line 623:
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''ä''
!rowspan="3" | Affricate
|  
!<small>plain</small>
| ||
| ts || tsʲ
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''ä''
!<small>ejective</small>
|  
| ||
| tsʼ || tsʲʼ
| tʂʼ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! short ''a''
!<small>voiced</small>
|  
| ||
| dz || dzʲ
| dʐ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''a''
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
|  
!<small>voiceless</small>
|  
| f || fʲ
|  
| s || sʲ
|  
| ʂ
|
| x
| h
|-
|-
! short ''å''
!<small>voiced</small>
|  
| v || vʲ
|  
| z || zʲ
|  
| ʐ
| ɣʲ
| ɣ
|  
|  
|-
|-
! long ''å''
!rowspan=2| Approximant
!<small>glottalized</small>
| ||
| lˠʼ || lʲʼ
|  
|  
| jʼ
|  
|  
|  
|  
|
|}
==Themsarian/de==
:''Der korrekte Titel dieses Artikels lautet "Themsarisch".''
Die '''themsarische Sprache''', auch bezeichnet als '''Edles Themsarisch''', ist eine alte talsmische Sprache, die im Andaegṓr-Imperium gebräuchlich war.
==Netagin/de==<!--
Die '''Netagin'''-Sprache (Netagin: ''brítz nˀAthághín'' 'Sprechen in unserer Welse') ist eine Sprache, welche sowohl Wurzelkonsonanten als auch Anlautmutationen verwendet. (vgl. Hebräisch.)-->
==PIE in Hebrew==
This Hebrew abjadic script is based on the glottalic theory: "voiced" stops are written as Hebrew emphatic consonants, and "breathy voiced" stops are written as voiced stops. Also note that the "palatal" series of stops is transcribed with the Hebrew affricate series (thus showing a coincidental Satem bias).
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan="8"|'''Consonants'''
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" | [[labial consonant|Labial]]
! rowspan="2" | [[coronal consonant|Coronal]]
! colspan=3| [[dorsal consonant|Dorsal]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Laryngeal theory|Laryngeal]]
|-
! <small>palatal</small>
! <small>plain</small>
! <small>labial</small>
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| {{heb|מ}} *{{PIE|m}}
| {{heb|נ}} *{{PIE|n}}
| || || ||
|-
! rowspan=3| [[Stop consonant|Plosive]]
! <small>voiceless</small>
| {{heb|פ}} *{{PIE|p}}
| {{heb|ת}} *{{PIE|t}}
| {{heb|ס}} *{{PIE|ḱ}}
| {{heb|כ}} *{{PIE|k}}
| {{heb|כ׳}} *{{PIE|kʷ}}
|
|-
! <small>voiced/ejective?</small>
| ({{heb|פ׳}} *{{PIE|b}})
| {{heb|ט}} *{{PIE|d}}
| {{heb|צ}} *{{PIE|ǵ}}
| {{heb|ק}} *{{PIE|g}}
| {{heb|ק׳}} *{{PIE|gʷ}}
|
|-
! <small>(breathy) voiced</small>
| {{heb|ב}} *{{PIE|bʰ}}
| {{heb|ד}} *{{PIE|dʰ}}
| {{heb|ז}} *{{PIE|ǵʰ}}
| {{heb|ג}} *{{PIE|gʰ}}
| {{heb|ג׳}} *{{PIE|gʷʰ}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
| {{heb|ש}} *{{PIE|s}}
| || ||
| {{heb|א}} *Ø<BR/>{{heb|ה}} *{{PIE|h₁}}<BR/>{{heb|ע}} *{{PIE|h₂}}<BR/>{{heb|ע׳}} *{{PIE|h₃}}
|-
! colspan="2" | [[liquid consonant|Liquid]]
|
| {{heb|ר}} *{{PIE|r}}<BR/>{{heb|ל}} *{{PIE|l}}
| || || ||
|-
|-
! colspan="2" | [[Semivowel]]
!<small>plain</small>
|  
| ||
|  
| lˠ || lʲ
| {{heb|י}} *{{PIE|y}}
|
| j
|
|
| {{heb|ו}} *{{PIE|w}}
|
|
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:250px; text-align: center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; "|
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
|-
!colspan="2"|Ablaut grades
! style="" |Close
| i
|
| u
|-
|-
|{{heb|אֶ}} *{{PIE|e}}||{{heb|אָ}} *{{PIE|o}}
! style="" |Mid
|  
| ə
|  
|-
|-
|{{heb|אֵ}} *{{PIE|ē}}||{{heb|אֹ}} *{{PIE|ō}}
! style="" |Open
|-
|  
|colspan="2"|{{heb|אְ}} *Ø
| a
|  
|}
|}


===Schleicher's fable===
==Salish + Old Chinese==
<p align=center>{{heb|<big>עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוׂשךֶ׳</big>}}</p>
m n ŋ ŋʷ
 
mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ
<p align=center><big>h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>1</sub>ék’wōsk<sup>w</sup>e</big></p>
p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ
 
pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ
<p align=center>{{heb|עָ֫וְיְש, יֶ֫שְמְין עְוְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶאֶ֫הֶשְת, טֶטָרְסֶ הֶ֫סְוָנְש, תָ֫ם, וָ֫זָם קֶ֫׳רְעְוְם וֶ֫זָנְתְם, תָ֫ם, בָ֫רָם מֶ֫צָעְם, תָ֫ם, דְזֶ֫מָנְם עָאְסְ֫ו בֶ֫רָנְתְם. עָ֫וְיְש הֶ֫סְוָבָש אֶוֶוְכֶ׳(ת): סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי מָי וְיְטְנְתֶ֫י דְזְמָ֫נְם הֶ֫סְוָנְש עֶ֫זצָנְתְם. הֶ֫סְוׂש הֶוֶוְך׳: סְלְוְדְי, עָוְי! סֵרְט עְגְנְוְתָי וְיְטְנְתְבָ֫ש: דְזֶ֫מֹ(ן), פָ֫תְיְס, עְוְלְנֶ֫עְם עָ֫וְיָם כְ׳נֶוְתְי שֶ֫בָי גִ֫׳רְמָם וֶ֫שְתְרָם; עֶ֫וְיְבָשךֶ׳ וְלְעְנֶ֫ע נֶ֫הֶסְתְי. תָ֫ט סֶסְלְוְוׂ֫ש עָ֫וְיְש עֶ֫צְרָם אֶבְוְקֶ(ת).}}</p>
b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ
 
s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each)
<p align=center>h<sub>2</sub>ówis, (H)jésmin h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> ne éh<sub>1</sub>est, dedork’e (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons, tóm, wóg’<sup>h</sup>om g<sup>w</sup>érh<sub>2</sub>um wég’<sup>h</sup>ontm, tóm, b<sup>h</sup>órom még’oh<sub>2</sub>m, tóm, d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émonm h<sub>2</sub>oHk’ú b<sup>h</sup>érontm. h<sub>2</sub>ówis (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wob<sup>h</sup>os ewewk<sup>w</sup>e(t): k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj moj widntéj d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>mónm (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wons h<sub>2</sub>ég’ontm. (h<sub>1</sub>)ék’wōs ewewk<sup>w</sup>: k’lud<sup>h</sup>í, h<sub>2</sub>ówi! k’ḗrd h<sub>2</sub>g<sup>h</sup>nutoj widntb<sup>h</sup>ós: d<sup>h</sup>g’<sup>h</sup>émō(n), pótis, h<sub>2</sub>wlnéh<sub>2</sub>m h<sub>2</sub>ówjom k<sup>w</sup>newti séb<sup>h</sup>oj g<sup>wh</sup>érmom wéstrom; h<sub>2</sub>éwib<sup>h</sup>osk<sup>w</sup>e h<sub>2</sub>wlh<sub>2</sub>néh<sub>2</sub> né h<sub>1</sub>esti. Tód k’ek’luwṓs h<sub>2</sub>ówis h<sub>2</sub>ég’rom eb<sup>h</sup>uge(t).</p>
a e i o u ə
 
==Semitic notes==
 
u/i merge: Ge'ez; a/i merge: (kinda) Hebrew; a/u merge: (kinda) Socovíc as of 3/16/2015
 
==Or maybe settle for this==
{{cardo|iómo, ióma, ióme, iomúma, iomíma, iomíma<br/>
léla, léla, léla, leláto, leláte, leláte}}
 


{{cardo|ásmoro, ásmor; tásmoro, tásmor; tásmori; iásmoro, iásmor; iásmori; násmoro, násmor; tásmoru; iásmoru}}
==CW language sketch==
m n
p t ts k q
b d dz g
s h ʀ
w l r j


==North Semlang 2nd try==
i u
*still want conditional a/u merger and nasal Vs
e o
*i-umlaut
æ a
**a, u > ø / _Ci
**ā > é / _Ci
**u > ø / _Ci
**ū > ý / _Ci
**aw > ǿ / _Ci
**ay > í / _Ci
*need to start from triptotic declension here:


===PNSem===
==Some auxlang?==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
===Consonants===
|-
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|+ '''Consonants'''
|-
! colspan="2" |
! Nominative
! |Labial
| ''yawmu'' || ''yawmā(mi)'' || ''yawmū(ma)''
! |Coronal
|-
! |Palatal
! Accusative
! |Velar
| ''yawma'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
! |Glottal
|-
! Genitive
| ''yawmi'' || ''yawmay(mi)'' || ''yawmī(ma)''
|}
 
===Early===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''jóm'' || ''jómá(mi)'' || ''jómú(m)''
|-
! Accusative
| ''jóm''~''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|-
! Genitive
| ''jómi'' || ''jómé(mi)'' || ''jómí(m)''
|}
 
==Judeo-Indo-Aryan==
A modern Indo-Aryan language spoken by Jews in India.
 
*Use Babylonian Hebrew, not Tiberian Hebrew
*Differs more from Hindustani than Yiddish does from German
*Lot of additional palatalization
 
==Atzòpic==
{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize =  
|name = Atzòpic
|nativename = hìzbut atzòpį
|pronunciation= [atsəˈpĩ]
|region =
|extinct =
|fam1=Zachydic
|fam2=Raxo-Talsmic
|fam3=Ractamic
|familycolor=zachydic
|ancestor=Old Atzòpic
|script= Raxic script
|iso3=
|notice=IPA
}}
 
''Neguąsitł Linguifeczix, acthìzbutètł dǫsix uicìx!''
 
Motivated by Raxic C[+ejective]V > Atzòpic C[-ejective]V[+creaky] - Hence the ejectives disappear.
 
/ks/ > /xs/ > /ʃ/
 
Seven cases:
 
*nominative -Ø
*accusative ''-z''
*genitive ''-c'' (animate sg.?)/''-z'' (inanimate sg.?)/''-u'' (animate pl.?)
*dative ''-tł''
*locative-comitative ''-x''
*ablative ''-ː~'' (nasalized vowel)
*instrumental ''-ːl''
 
Vowels change according to historical stress positions as well as historical ejective consonants. The Ractamic stress/vowel system start out similarly to Latin, but develop in very different directions.
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
! colspan="10" | Consonants
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 136px; "|
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Labial
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Coronal
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
! colspan="2" style="width: 136px; " |Velar
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Uvular
! rowspan="2" style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
|-
! style="width:68px;" |<small>central</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>lateral</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>plain</small>
! style="width:68px;" |<small>labialized</small>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
Line 805: Line 741:
| '''n''' /n/
| '''n''' /n/
|  
|  
|  
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
| <span style="color:gray;">[ŋ]</span>
|
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style=""  |Plosive
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
! |<small>tenuis</small>
! |<small>unaspirated</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''b''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''d''' /t/
| '''j''' /tɕ/
| '''g''' /k/
|  
|  
|
| '''c''' /k/
| '''qu''' /kʷ/
|
| '''h''' /ʔ/
|-
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
! |<small>aspirated</small>
| '''b''' /pʰ/
| '''p''' /pʰ/
| '''d''' /tʰ/
| '''t''' /tʰ/
|
| '''ch''' /tɕʰ/
|
| '''k''' //
| '''g''' //
| '''gu''' /kʷʰ/
|
|  
|  
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| '''f''' /f/
| '''f''' /f/
| '''z''' /s~z/
| '''s''' /s/
| '''ł''' /ɬ/
| '''sh''' /ɕ/
| '''x''' /ʃ/
| '''kh''' /x/
|
| '''h''' /h/
|
|
|<span style="color:gray;">[ʰ~ɦ]</span>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Affricate
! colspan="2" |Approximant
! |<small>tenuis</small>
| '''w''' /w~v/
|
| '''l''' /l/; '''r''' /r/
| '''tz''' /ts/
| '''y''' /j/
| '''''' //
| '''tx''' //
|
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|-
! |<small>aspirated</small>
! colspan="2" |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|  
|  
| '''dz''' /tsʰ/
| '''dł''' /tɬʰ/
| '''dx''' /tʃʰ/
|
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|}
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Vowels'''
|-
!  style="width: 60px; "|
!  style="width: 60px; " |Front
!  style="width: 60px; " |Central
!  style="width: 60px; " |Back
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Approximant
! style="" |Close
|
| '''i''' /i/
| '''s''' /ɹ/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|
| '''u''' /w/
|
|
|
| '''u''' /u/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| '''e''' /e/
| '''ə''' /ø~ə~ɤ/
| '''o''' /o/
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Trill
! style="" |Open
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|  
|  
|
| '''a''' /a/
|
|
|}
|}


==Tīzian==
Diphthongs: '''ai ao''' /ai au/
Another Ractamic/Neo-Raxic thing


==Music theory terminology==
===Phonotactics===
*blackwood[10] major: ''rāmáth'' 'diurnal'
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
*blackwood[10] minor: ''mináth'' 'nocturnal'
*the different ways of subtly tuning/i.e. well-temperaments are called 'seasons' (that lengthen or shorten the day and night).


==Juttjick Kâmrâ' Waong==
==Σȣομʚ==
'''I.'''


''Juttjick Kâmrâ' Waong,''<br/>
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
''Ngüe Quur fâm'oy Plaong;''<br/>
''Zott Mâmzäk prâbeis''<br/>
''Loch lea Dâmgnenn Zweis!''<br/>
''Wnirr Jâmtâmlech ngou,''<br/>
''Feytaön zitt zâ Smou''<br/>
''Möt målei Jimkbael,''<br/>
''Seüruz daodue hael''<br/>


==Qe!==
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
==Pristac Guanorliviroc==


<poem>
<poem>
An ever-present companion,
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
S/he sought us out in our distress,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
 
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
 
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!
 
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
 
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!
 
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
</poem>
</poem>


==Talsmic==
==Finno-Arabic==
===Themsarian===
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
In Themsarian the topic is NOT prominent - the topic comes immediately after the verb most of the time?
 
==Irish with pharyngealized consonants==
 


===Old Vernacular Talsmic===
/a/: a ea ae eae
Old Vernacular Talsmic dialects are largely similar to Noble Themsarian, but there are grammatical, lexical and stylistic differences:
/e/: oeu eu oe e
*Using the subject-infinitive more and more, eventually to express various aspectual and modal meanings.
/i/: ai ia aia i
**The synthetic preterite falls into disuse, being supplanted by the "after {{sc|infinitive-subject}}" construction.
/o/: o uo uea ue
*Collapses all state distinctions in adjectives (into the former predicative form)
/u/: aua ua au u
*The dual is often not used, except for emphasis or stylistic reasons.


==Uncanny valley Korean==
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/


Given topic prominence and topicalization = fronting, new (discourse-new) subject is fronted, since it is new topic. Then this becomes a topic prominent/V2 language as in vernacular Talsmic. Relative clauses are by default VSO but can undergo fronting for focus. Discourse-new object is fronted as well.
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.


===Qelorian===
Vowels:  /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
*The subject of a relative clause is indexed by adding a pronominal suffix on the head (if they are different)


===Núrian===
==Proto-Eomujic==
"Double Irish" aesthetic? Namely, fricatives 'h' + aspiration written with 'h'. The same could be accomplished with slenderness with...?
*ä, a, e, o
*eu, i <- syllabic resonants


==Diachronics lab==
*p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
Pluractionality ≈ antipassive
*s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
*m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
==Gleb phonologies==
===SEA-esque===
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ
mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ
pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k
ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h
l̻ j w


we exc/inc > we formal/intimate
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː
e eː ɘ ɘː o oː
ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː
a aː
===Indic-esque===
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ
pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ
f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h
r ɽ j
i u
ɪ ʊ
ɑ


Demonstrative/definite affix > construct state: PL-clam-those [of the] man > PL-clam-CONST man


Classifiers are in construct state
(C1)V(C2)


this CL NOUN > the.GENDER NOUN
C1: a consonant


apposition NOUN-1SG NOUN > CL-1SG NOUN > of_i-1SG NOUN_i
V: a vowel


PREP-3SG NOUN > CASE.SG-NOUN
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/


CONJ VERB NOUN > PREP NOUN
===Pseudo-Polynesian===


evidential-marking "because" or "therefore", as opposed to the protasis verb
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a


feminine > abstract > honorific
(C)V


==Witcanese==
C: a consonant
Wetcanese is a mainly agglutinative, head-final language.


:''Kòtih wanaih kèpwanchè.''
V: a vowel
::<small>1SG.GEN-ERG mother-ERG 1SG.ABS-hate-WIT</small>
::My mother used to hate me.
===Phonology===
Wetcanese has a simple syllable structure relative to most European languages. Permissible syllable shapes are V, CV, VC, CVC, CGV, and CGVC where G is a glide.


===Grammar===
Gleb seed 1516956979
====Nouns====
 
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
===Liquidless pseudo-French===
|-
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
! colspan="5"| '''Noun Declension'''
 
|-
(C1)V(C2)
!scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
 
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
C1: a consonant
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
 
|-
V: a vowel
!scope="row"|Absolutive
 
|colspan="2"|''-0''
C2: a consonant
|colspan="2"|''-w'', ''-u''
 
|-
Gleb seed 1601724777
!scope="row"|Ergative
 
|colspan="2"|''-ih''
===A nice one===
|colspan="2"|''-wih''
|-
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''-af''
|colspan="2"|''-waf''
|-
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''-him''
|colspan="2"|''-uhim'', ''-whim''
|-
!scope="row"|Ablative
|colspan="2"|''-chay''
|colspan="2"|''-uchay'', ''-wchay''
|-
!scope="row"|Comitative
|colspan="2"|''-yã''
|colspan="2"|''-uyã'', ''-wyã''
|-
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|colspan="2"|''-run''
|colspan="2"|''-urun'', ''-wrun''
|-
!scope="row"|Essive
|colspan="2"|''-hòg''
|colspan="2"|''-uhòg'', ''-whòg''
|-
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="4"|''-t-'' (see Genitive declension)
|-
|}


====Adjectives and Genitives====
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
Adjectives (including genitives) agree with the noun in case and number. Adjectives take the same endings as nouns. However, many adjectives are genitive adjectives formed form nouns, corresponding to the adjectival suffix in other languages.


(C1)V(C2)


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
C1: a consonant
|-
! colspan="5"| '''Genitive Declension'''
|-
!scope="row" width="110px"|Number→<br/>Case↓
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Singular
!colspan="2" width="165px" scope="col"|Plural
|-
!scope="row"|Absolutive
|colspan="2"|''-t''
|colspan="2"|''-tèw''
|-
!scope="row"|Ergative
|colspan="2"|''-tih''
|colspan="2"|''-twih''
|-
!scope="row"|Dative
|colspan="2"|''-taf''
|colspan="2"|''-twaf''
|-
!scope="row"|Locative
|colspan="2"|''-thim''
|colspan="2"|''-tuhim''
|-
!scope="row"|Ablative
|colspan="2"|''-tchay''
|colspan="2"|''-tuchay''
|-
!scope="row"|Comitative
|colspan="2"|''-tyã''
|colspan="2"|''-tuyã''
|-
!scope="row"|Instrumental
|colspan="2"|''-tèrun''
|colspan="2"|''-turun''
|-
!scope="row"|Essive
|colspan="2"|''-thòg''
|colspan="2"|''-tuhòg''
|-
!scope="row"|Genitive
|colspan="4"|''-tèt-''
|-
|}


====Verbs====
V: a vowel
Verbs in Wetcanese have no tense or aspect inflection; instead, there is evidentiality and mood which can do double duty as certain tenses The irrealis is the default, unmarked mood/evidentiality, serving the role of the infinitive or the future in other languages.


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Wetcanese mood/evidentiality affixes'''
|-
! width="110px"|irrealis
| width="165px"|''-Ø''
|-
!|witness
|''-chè''
|-
!|emphatic
|''-kòd''
|-
!|jurative
|''-tèmuh''
|-
!|quotative
|''-sha''
|-
!|mirative
|''-quh''
|-
!|hearsay
|''-ot''
|-
!|inferential
|''-eq''
|-
!|assumptive
|''-rwè''
|-
!|optative
|''-mes''
|-
!|imperative
|''-wõ''
|-
!|potential
|''-hiw''
|-
!|desiderative
|''-pãs''
|-
!|admonitive
|''-ay''
|-
!|permissive
|''-hyè''
|}


:''Phátu nuku'''chè'''...''
Gleb seed 1364524938
::''When did I last see it... (lit. When it was_located-I saw...)''


The mirative marks new information that the speaker is witnessing. It often corresponds to present tense. In narratives it is used to exhort the listener for attention.
===vaguely Clofab===
consonants:


:''Qayòlih milám huga'''quh'''.''
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
::''Hey, the demon's chasing the dog!/Behold, the demon chased the dog.''


The quotative is used for information from third-party sources deemed to be authoritative. As such it is the evidential most often encountered in narratives.
vowels:


:''Qayòlih milám huga'''sha'''.''
a e i o u
::''The demon chased the dog. (narrative)''


The admonitive is used in prohibitions and warnings, and for negative purpose clauses.
syllable structure: (C)V


:''Phi qhashãs'''ay'''''
Gleb seed 1390372573
::''Do not wander around''
:''ha ãbè mòsip'''ay'''''
::''lest this be forgotten''


Wetcanese makes use of verbal affixes, instead of intonation (like English) or word order (as in some European languages and Celtic/Hebrew), in order to focus a constituent.
===Liquidless phonology===
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 275px; text-align: center;"
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Focus prefixes'''
|-
! width="110px"|absolutive
| width="165px"|''ne-''
|-
!|ergative
|''hin-''
|-
!|beneficiary
|''mac-''
|-
!|instrument
|''qo-''
|-
!|location
|''ya-''
|-
!|source
|''hòt-''
|-
!|goal
|''up-''
|-
!|time
|''al-''
|}


==TAM session==
(C)V(N)
{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="2"| '''Aspect-mood clitics'''
|-
|aorist
|-
|''d(i)-''
|progressive
|-
|
|prospective
|-
|
|inceptive
|-
|
|continuative
|-
|
|pausative
|-
|
|resumptive
|-
|
|cessative
|-
|
|retrospective
|}


C: a consonant


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
V: a vowel
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Person-tense clitics'''
|-
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Present'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|''*na-''
|colspan="4"|''*xa-'' (exclusive); ''*ŋe-'' (inclusive)
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|''*sa-''
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|''*zə-''
|colspan="2"|''*cə-''
|colspan="2"|''*za-''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Past'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Future'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Jussive'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Person enclitics'''
|-
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Generic/Partitive
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}


===Nominal declension===
Gleb seed 1408165181


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
==A Damin==
|-
*Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
! colspan="17"| '''Declension'''
*Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
|-
*Affricates: tθ ʡħ
!scope="row"|Number→
*Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
!colspan="2" rowspan="2" scope="col"|Generic
*Clicks: ʞ
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Partitive
*Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Singulative
*vowels: y ɤ æ
!colspan="4" scope="col"|Plurative
|-
!scope="row"|Definiteness→
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Indefinite'''</small>
!colspan="2"|<small>'''Definite'''</small>
|-
!scope="row"|Unpossessed
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|1sg
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|2sg
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3sg.animate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3sg.inanimate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|1ex
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|1in
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|2pl
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3pl.animate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|3pl.inanimate
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|Impersonal
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
!scope="row"|Partitive
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}


==No idea if this will work==
==from An Bhlaoighne==
<poem>
big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'


{| class="greentable lightgreenbg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 660px; text-align: center;"
to smell: go mbuir
|-
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
! colspan="9"| '''Conjugation'''
to sleep: go h-uaileas
|-
to live: go chaith
! colspan="3"| '''Infinitive'''
</poem>
| colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Active participle'''
| colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Antipassive participle'''
| colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|Number→<br/>Person↓
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Singulative
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Collective/Partitive
!colspan="2" scope="col"|Plurative
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Aorist'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Imperfect'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Passive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Antipassive voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Imperative'''
|-
! colspan="9"| '''Active voice'''
|-
!scope="row"|1
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|2
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="4"|
|-
!scope="row"|3
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|colspan="2"|
|}


dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)


{{gloss
==Long German gibby word==
|phrase=plân tròung '''''or''''' tròung plân
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriedenschwünterheibenstalerfernersteilendrüßentrachersträtzgeschwiebendeineslorteskehrwarteurendspannwachenblatzstaufentreischentraubengetöhlerbaußenhauerdinzenbeklaunerwießenkeitsbeschärfigungsgewichtsbraudenwederklaumsbefritzenscheiberdänzelungsmeitelwischerbeschorkenklubenwunderzäugswögerblüschenbenäudigungsheibenentpfeischerlammenwiedenbewegsweitchenläumlichkeitsgrüberdraßterwallenheuertriebenentpfernerkreidenlächtnisstreußerentrüchelvermaußerheitsverbrüschenwerdenwolderschrahnenzäudsgemischerpflechtsschreuerkrüßenpfeischenlangenläubgeschlindersträuelheitsschreberkäuftigkeitsmeierwünnenbäserhattenkraufengeschreudsentwerdsbeeigenbrännenbrauerbrindenschannenklüserwächtsweugenklagergessenbeienrüchtsraußenbewindenschlafterheitsentreffenschmeierlachtwießerschrupfenbeschwündsverziechengeschlächerlauferzernessenheitsgraußenschlöderleinswangenkehrenberaußwischerleitenracherschwegerfäudlichenzabenwündenerkrufenhaubswaudendissengäuberlampfenschrümberfiedsgräubenbedachenmahrenschreudsverschmaßenheitssprüngenentwöhlerbeschluntenhübenreunsbeneifsverzöhnenbeleifernempfäusungswichtheitsgederfsschwermenlückenanzweißenlauschungsfriegschwipferlangsberüngenschehnenblöckenzärferlachsgewindenmaubennaubenpaubentaubenkaubenbaubendaubengaubenpfaubenzaubentschaubensaubenschaubenfaubenwaubenjaubenhaubenlaubenraubenpraubentraubenkraubenbraubendraubengraubenpfraubenfraubenplaubenklaubenblaubenglaubenpflaubenflaubenknaubengnaubenstaubenspaubenschmaubenschnaubenschlaubenschraubenschwaubenstraubenspraubenmausennausenpausentausenkausenbausendausengausenpfausenzausentschausensausenschausenfausenwausenjausenhausenlausenrausenprausentrausenkrausenbrausendrausengrausenpfrausenfrausenplausenklausenblausenglausenpflausenflausenknausengnausenstausenspausenschmausenschnausenschlausenschrausenschwausenstrausensprausenmaumennaumenpaumentaumenkaumenbaumendaumengaumenpfaumenzaumentschaumensaumenschaumenfaumenwaumenjaumenhaumenlaumenraumenpraumentraumenkraumenbraumendraumengraumenpfraumenfraumenplaumenklaumenblaumenglaumenpflaumenflaumenknaumengnaumenstaumenspaumenschmaumenschnaumenschlaumenschraumenschwaumenstraumenspraum
|IPA=/pˤán ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ pˤán/
|morphemes=plân tròung/tròung plân
|gloss=teacher house/house teacher
|translation=The teacher's house}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân {{green|mā}} tròung '''''or''''' tròung {{green|mā}} plân
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/ or /ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ ma̤ pˤán/
|morphemes=plân {{green|mā}} tròung/tròung {{green|mā}} plân
|gloss=teacher {{green|INV}} house/house {{green|INV}} teacher
|translation=The teacher of the house}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân mā srâlk tròung
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
|morphemes=plân mā srâkl tròung
|gloss=teacher INV pure house
|translation=The house of the teacher of purity}}
{{gloss
|phrase=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâlk tròung
|IPA=/pˤán ma̤ kˤī ʂákˤ ʈʉ̌u̯ŋ/
|morphemes=plân mā {{green|kli}} srâkl tròung
|gloss=teacher INV {{green|DELIM}} pure house
|translation=The teacher of the house of purity}}

Latest revision as of 01:48, 5 March 2024

Burmese roms

v0

Ŧăȷā hmȷạ·ŧạ luc·lac khȷīnh nẹ mă tuê
ta.ra: hmya. ta. lwat lap hkrang: nai. ma. swe
[tɪ.já m̥ja̰.ta̰ lʊʔ.laʔ t͡ɕʰɪ́ŋ nɛ̰ mə t̪wè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany, tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Mȷā lu khat·tê̄nh nhê̄nh·gkhȷan zxê bộ
mya: lu hkap sim: ngrim: hkyam: ce hpo.
[mjá lù kʰaʔ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ ɲéɪ̯ɰ̃.d͡ʑán zè βo̰ ǀ]

Khuỵnh ŧu·nhı hmȷạ, wa·đạ phȷu·xınh đŧệ pȷê
hkwang. tu nyi hmya. wada. hpyu cang tai. prany
[kʰwɪ̰ŋ tù.ɲì m̥ja̰ ǀ wà.da̰ (ǀ) pʰjù.sɪ̀ŋ dḛ pjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê
tui. prany tui. mre
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǁ]

Pȷı·đŧhong·zxụ ămuê ămȷē ŧı·đŧạn zxê
prany htaung cu. a mwi a.mrai: tany tam. ce
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ʔə.mwè ʔ(ə.)mjɛ́ tì.da̰ŋ zè]

Ă·đêch·ŧhan pȷụ bpê, ŧhênh·tênh zxộ lê
a.dhithtan pru. pe htin: sim: cui. le
[ʔ(ə.)deɪ̯ʔ.tʰàn pjṵ βè ǀ tʰéɪ̯ŋ.t̪éɪ̯ŋ zo̰ lè ǁ]

Găba mă kȷê, Mȷăma pȷê
kambha ma. kye, mranma prany
[ɡ(ə.)βà mə t͡ɕè ǀ mjə.mà pjè ǀ]

Độ bô̄·boā ămuê xıch mộ khȷıch mȷat nô̄ bê
tui. bhui: bwa: a.mwe cac mui. hkyac mrat nui: pe
[do̰ βó.bwá (ʔə.)mwè sɪʔ mo̰ t͡ɕʰɪʔ mjaʔ nó βè ǁ]

Pȷi·đŧhong·zxụ gô ătet pê̄ lộ độ ka goe mălê
prany htaung cu. kui a.sak pe: lui. tui. ka kwai ma.le
[pjì.dàʊ̯ŋ.zṵ ɡò ʔ(ə.)t̪ɛʔ pé lo̰ do̰ kà ɡwɛ̀ m(ə.)lè ǀ]

Đa độ pȷê đa độ mȷê độ panh·net mȷê
da tui. prany da tui. mre tui. puing nak mre
[dà do̰ pjè dà do̰ mjè do̰ pàɪ̯ŋ.nɛʔ mjè ǀ]

Độ pȷê, độ mȷê, ăkjô̄ gô nhı·nha zxoa độ đăđuê
tui. prany tui. mre a.kyui: kui nyi nya cwa tui. ta.twe
[do̰ pjè ǀ do̰ mjè ǀ ʔ(ə.)t͡ɕó ɡò ǀ ɲì.ɲà zwà do̰ d(ə.)dwè ǀ]

Ŧhān xhong ba zxộ lê, độ ta·wung bê ăphô̄·ŧan mȷê
htam: hcaung pa sui. le tui. ta wan pe a. hpui: tan mre
[tʰán sʰàʊ̯ŋ bà zo̰ lè ǀ do̰ tà.wʊ̀ŋ bè ʔ(ə.)pʰó.tàn mjè ǁ]

v1

Tyȷā hmȷȧtȧ luqlaq khȷīɴ nɛ̇ my þwe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Mȷā lu khaqþēɴ nȷēɴgkhȷaɴ zse bȯ
Khwiɴ tunȷı hmȷȧ, wadȧ phȷusıɴ dtė pȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe
Pȷıdthɔɴzsu̇ ymwe ymȷɛ̇ tıdtȧɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pȷu̇ bpe, thenþeɴ zsȯ le
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Gyba my kȷe, Mȷyma pȷe
Dȯ bōbwā ymwe sıq mȯ khȷıq mȷaq nō be
Pȷidthɔɴzsu̇ go yþɛq pē lȯ dȯ ka gwɛ myle
Da dȯ pȷe da dȯ mȷe dė pɛɴnɛq mȷe
Dȯ pȷe, dȯ mȷe, ykjō go nȷınȷa zwa dȯ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsȯ le, dȯ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mȷe

v2

Tyjā hmjătă luqlaq khjīɴ nɛ̆ my þwe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Mjā lu khaqþēɴ njēɴgkhjaɴ zse bŏ
Khwĭɴ tunji hmjă, wadă phjusiɴ dtĕ pȷe
Dŏ pje, dŏ mje
Pjidthɔɴzsŭ ymwe ymjɛ̆ tıdtăɴ zse
Ydeqthaɴ pjŭ bpe, thenþeɴ zsŏ le

Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Gyba my kje, Mjyma pje
Dŏ bōbwā ymwe siq mŏ khjiq mjaq nō be
Pjĭdthɔɴzsŭ go yþɛq pē lŏ dŏ ka gwɛ myle
Da dŏ pje da dŏ mje dĕ pɛɴnɛq mje
Dŏ pȷe, dŏ mȷe, ykjō go njinja zwa dŏ dydwe
Thāɴ shɔɴ ba zsŏ le, dŏ þawuɴ be yphōtaɴ mje

v3

Deliberately English/German-like

Ch for aspiration, þ/ð for dental stops

Superscript the original consonant before a voiced initial that's a result of voicing sandhi

Rimes:
ị i ī ịn in īn it
ẹ e ē ạne ane āne ate
ạre are āre ịne ine īne ite
ạ a ā ạn an ān at et
ạw aw āw ọun oun ōun out
ọ o ō ọne one ōne ote
ụ u ū ọon oon ōon oot

kgəba ma che, myəma pye
dọ bōbwā əmwe sit mọ chhit myat nō be

World's worst romanization for Vietnamese

Initials

ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
n̓ n þ ɟ ꞃ y q = p b t đ tr ch c/k/qu
f ɟ̔ q̔ = ph th kh
ſ p̔ = x s
ƿ ȷ j r = v d gi g
λ p = l r

The initials ʔ h are indicated by placing spiritus lenis and spiritus asper above the first letter, and ƿ is used for the /w/ medial: ƿηɟ̃, Ƿ̓ηɟ̃, ƿ̔ηɟ̃s = viên, Uyên, huyền.

Nuclei

  • u ɯ w e ɘ ə ɵ æ a ɐ ɑ = i/y ư u ê ơ â ô e a ă o
  • η ξ ω = ia/iê, ưa/ươ, ua/uô

Finals

  • ñ ɟ̃ ỹ q̃ = m n nh ng
  • n ɟ y q = p t ch c
  • ι υ = /-j -w/

Tones

tones: -0 -s -b -m -v -d = ngang, huyen, sac, nang, hoi, nga

Hōbispellum Jōhannis Tōtiscē

1:1 In occinunquā vore Verbum, ante Verbum vore ob Hutum, ante Hutus vore Verbum.
1:2 Tod vore in occinunquā ob Hutum.
1:3 Alla terque eum magāta sunt, ante enū eō magātum est nēctis, quod magātum est.
1:4 In eō līpum vore, ante līpum vore lūctum lūbium.

Semantic drifts

Truth

  • true/proof > guilt
  • to stand, to stay, to be straight up > to be true
  • true/show/prove > to vindicate > to win

Dakelh/Tlingit inspired Dodellic

Bylȳn

Main_Page/Themsarian

put in Dodellic; Wdm substrate

phonology:

  • /m n p b t d tš dž k g (glottal stop) f s š x H h v z ž r l/ m n p b t d ť ď k g q f s š ch x h v z ž r l
  • /a e i u y a: e: i: u: y: ai au iə uə/ a e i u y aa ee ii uu yy ai au ie ua
    • Responsible for Wdm vowel shift: *u > ü, *o > u, *a > o, *ä > a
  • pitch accent

Trician doublets

  • Thensarian ardlaccātom > atxagátañ (via Nurian) ~ dlahgað (via Tigol) ~ glyçád (via glăchad) ~ plahad (via Clofabosin placadin) - various stringed instruments
  • Pida (Mărotłian teacher) ~ pda (Dr.) ~ Modern Wdm. pra (honorific pronoun)

Silly language family trees

  • Trigonic languages
    • Sinitic
      • Mandarin
      • Cantonese
        • Schwyzerdütsch
      • Sinaitic
        • Phoenician
          • Greek
            • Inuktitut
    • Coshitic
      • Vietnamese
        • Sinh
        • Tanh
        • Sech
      • Hyperbolgarian
      • Beta
      • Proto-Afro-Asiatic
    • Deltan languages (aka Newtono-Leibnizic)
      • Hessian German
      • Turingian German
        • Tyrith (from older *Türiŋit)
        • Lambda calculus
        • Mathematica
        • C++
          • Sanskrit
    • Triforcian languages
      • Hylian
        • Tritriforcian languages
          • Tritritriforcian languages
            • ...
              • Sierpińskian

Qiala Gaivuan's Dwarvish

Wäßßmerian/Highlands Wiobian consonant shift (stolen wholesale from High German consonant shift):

Phase 1 (final or intervocallic): /p/ > /f/ <f> /t/ > /s/ <ß> /c/ > /ç/ > later /z/ bzw. /ʃ/ <s/sch> /k/ > /x/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 2 (initial, geminated or after a resonant) /p/ > /pf/ <pf> /t/ > /ts/ <ßß> > word initially /s/ <ß> /c/ > /cç/ > later // <zsch> /k/ > /kx/ > later /χ/ <ch>

Phase 3 /b/ > /p/ fortis or lenis <p> /d/ > /t/ fortis or lenis <t> /ɟ/ > /c/ fortis or lenis <z> /g/ > /k/ fortis or lenis <k>

Other changes: /θ~ð/ > /d/ > later lenis /t/ <d> /f~v/ > /b/ > later lenis /p/ <b> (after a vowel) /sk, çk/ > sch /ʃ/ Auslautverhärtung

Paucal of humility

There are three numbers: singular (sg) representing one object, paucal (pc) for a few, and plural (pl) for many. The paucal form usually denotes two to nine items, but the boundary between paucal and plural is quite fluid; a paucal could be used for a larger number for contrast with a much larger number of things. The plural number in pronouns also serves as an honorific; complementarily, using paucal pronouns where a plural is expected entails a "dishonorific", humble or pejorative meaning.

Something with my old Tsjoen grammar

Txapoalli? Naquic?

Manxome (Manx-Hmoob hybrid)

A close relative of Skellan with the GVS? Or is this just Ko?

Cedilla and double vowel mania

Mix in a little Dutch?

IE conlang ideas

  • 'want' from bhr-h1s- (bear-DES)
  • "try 1SG-ACC VERB-INF" = try to VERB me (actually looks pretty german)

"Ah, meine Treußer" gibs

  • Săchał yang hălsreaf chrăthüng fi pdath yas măfongșor! Wănguas fi binreach wangsăfab thearłăsab făneyșumab pălontumab acsitumab gopliximab fizoraximab prozamumab cabituzumab... Ah, endocebuxin!
  • sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi sqʷadbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil quizoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!

Some old gibs

Neuber und Seigen driechen das Fauensammer. Und Pfurges ummärten den Sieberschmüstchen der Meichtel und die kreuge haben den Ofel angeschninkelt! der Strahme der hüffneden ist an síreochta dréag agus fhóineocht. (irish gib is also easy to adapt) Und dauchte die Miegung. Agus sráineann an mhóilte i bhfáirdeacha. An dtrídeach tú leim an mheidreach? und die dréanoigh na chloiste is clóireach makk praom krenn tae leontóin agus dreangachtaí Zohnung schweifen der mahl tröhnen Cáróidh meim fhíreasá sróidheamh táin a chúloigh a fháir a cheim sróitreáneidh na pradhaoibhiú té bheir sa dhímeá 'bhifeóirsi tha

Pirandetam ver ketassinosin ket ligerinogenine

Du sümmelst so gapfer an, wenn du in solch schnöpfen, geschrammten Hückeln inframierst! Ich ingräliere dir, indem ich dir einen Beschlaubszwicher antabere. Ich möchte dir einen schlaarige Garulierer anzülfen, damit du in gezührigen Anschniegsgahmen verschnülzern kannst.

die Anschrängerungen verkiech die Redangierungen, indem sie deren Gespalchsfeunungen rekredabierte. Der Aufschlied zwand die Mäste, um ihrer Begeifigungen zu verknieren. Αν ο φαγγαλος τεθεγμασται την ψαθην και τον κιμαρρον! Αναι μεν γαρ δεδαγγασμενοι ηλετησαν ινε τον φραθμον. Ο φιστώτης και η νίψ κεκλαμμένοι εισίν.

Sʼeik beih Đâh kglumm gnüar Haem Päh jehn knuck Lö Mott nihr ngå Pluh Reaz Sra Ksaot teap klav Waü Zeay Þael

Azz kemm jick gno Sruck bâzz skång mäch dö' Lümm dak mihn mu påhng Sjä Kbael Pfeiz rao Smau tngaör zbaü lean Sek Woh tböhng sia Koas Tuah Gnüang

Scope of negation

different negative markers for scope

Llanfair...gogogoch gib

Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)

Fyxámian national anthem

Eevo

English translation

Verse 1

[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.

Refrain

Book and paper titles in Eevo

  • (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
  • (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
  • Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
  • Regular Temperaments

Primitive Seargais

long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío

éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere

short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ

changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!

a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e

spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/

short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)

Seargais superstrate

same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a

Seargais consonants

p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)

Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology

Huichaltzah's alien language

p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)

Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases

Bändli

Zulu pseudo-gib

Initials

schm, m > m, mh

schn, n > n, nh

schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh

sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b

st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d

ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq

k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g

r > hh

f, w > f, v

fl, kl, schl > hl

bl, gl > dl

pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/

br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/

j > y

schw > f

z, s, sch > s, z, sh

ent- > prenasalization

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral
Click plain ǃ
aspirated ǃʰ
nasalised ᵑǃ
breathy nasalised ᶢǃʱ
Nasal plain m n ŋ
breathy ŋʱ
Stop voiceless p t
aspirated
breathy b d ɡ
implosive ɓ ɗ ɠ
Fricative voiceless f s ɬ ʃ x h
breathy v z ɮ ɣ ɦ
Approximant plain l j

Vowels

i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/

Tones

No tone

Some Clofablang

  • Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ
  • Vowel harmony groups:
    • high tense: i ʉ
    • high lax: ɪ ʊ
    • low: æ ʌ
    • ə is neutral

Russo-Salish

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Velar Glottal
hard soft hard soft soft hard
Nasal glottalized n̪ʼ nʲʼ ŋʲʼ ŋʼ
plain m ŋʲ ŋ
Stop plain k ʔ
ejective t̪ʼ tʲʼ kʲʼ
voiced b
Affricate plain ts tsʲ
ejective tsʼ tsʲʼ tʂʼ
voiced dz dzʲ
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ x h
voiced v z ʐ ɣʲ ɣ
Approximant glottalized lˠʼ lʲʼ
plain j


Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ə
Open a

Salish + Old Chinese

m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə

CW language sketch

m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j

i u e o æ a

Some auxlang?

Consonants

Consonants
Labial Coronal Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ŋ /ŋ/
Plosive unaspirated b /p/ d /t/ j /tɕ/ g /k/
aspirated p /pʰ/ t /tʰ/ ch /tɕʰ/ k /kʰ/
Fricative f /f/ s /s/ sh /ɕ/ kh /x/ h /h/
Approximant w /w~v/ l /l/; r /r/ y /j/
Trill r /r/

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i /i/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ o /o/
Open a /a/

Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/

Phonotactics

Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.

Σȣομʚ

Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.

Qe!

Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.

Pristac Guanorliviroc

Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!

Finno-Arabic

/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/

Irish with pharyngealized consonants

/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u

Uncanny valley Korean

Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/

Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.

Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/

Proto-Eomujic

  • ä, a, e, o
  • eu, i <- syllabic resonants
  • p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
  • s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
  • m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h

Gleb phonologies

SEA-esque

m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w

i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː

Indic-esque

m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ


(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/

Pseudo-Polynesian

m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a

(C)V

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

Gleb seed 1516956979

Liquidless pseudo-French

m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant

Gleb seed 1601724777

A nice one

m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant

V: a vowel

C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/

Gleb seed 1364524938

vaguely Clofab

consonants:

m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w

vowels:

a e i o u

syllable structure: (C)V

Gleb seed 1390372573

Liquidless phonology

m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x

a e ɛ i o ɔ u

(C)V(N)

C: a consonant

V: a vowel

N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/

Gleb seed 1408165181

A Damin

  • Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
  • Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
  • Affricates: tθ ʡħ
  • Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
  • Clicks: ʞ
  • Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
  • vowels: y ɤ æ

from An Bhlaoighne

big: go qhéith
small: go mionn (from Latin "minimus")
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaost, na faost
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cior, na cior
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fheirn, na bhfeirn
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofhth, na sciofhth
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíolbh, na bíolbh
breast: an dhsracht, na sracht
heart: an luisc, na luisc
liver: an steóisc, na dhsteóisc
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'

to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith

dance: from An Bhlaoighne "dannsa" (to move to a beat), from "dann" (beat; imitative of a drum) + -tha/-the verbalizer (-nnth- becomes -nns-)

Long German gibby word

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