Atlantic: Difference between revisions
m →Purpose |
Jukethatbox (talk | contribs) m fixed infobox |
||
| (6 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{movedon}} | |||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|name = Atlantic | |name = Atlantic | ||
|nativename = otrantih; nimba otrantiha | |nativename = otrantih; nimba otrantiha | ||
|pronunciation = {{IPA|[ɔˈtrantiχ]}}<br/>{{IPA|[ˈnimba ɔˈtrantiχa]}} | |pronunciation = {{IPA|[ɔˈtrantiχ]}}<br/>{{IPA|[ˈnimba ɔˈtrantiχa]}} | ||
| | |state = Atlantic Provinces | ||
|region = Northwestern Africa | |region = Northwestern Africa | ||
|ethnicity = Atlantics (''otrantihus'') | |ethnicity = Atlantics (''otrantihus'') | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
|familycolor = Indo-European | |familycolor = Indo-European | ||
|fam2 = Italic | |fam2 = Italic | ||
|fam3 = Romance | |fam3 = Latino-Faliscan | ||
|ancestor | |fam4 = Romance | ||
|creator = | |ancestor = Latin | ||
|creator = User:Lili21 | |||
|created = Gen 2019 | |created = Gen 2019 | ||
|setting = Alt-Earth | |setting = Alt-Earth | ||
| | |scripts = Latin alphabet | ||
|nation = Atlantic Provinces | |nation = Atlantic Provinces | ||
|map = Republic-of-Otrantiana.png | |map = Republic-of-Otrantiana.png | ||
| Line 205: | Line 207: | ||
| ''Y'' y || ''upsilon'' {{IPA|[ˈupːisilɔn]}} || {{IPA|/i/}}, {{IPA|/j/}}, {{IPA|/ai̯/}} || upsilon || not an official letter, unassimilated loanwords only (excl. ''ly, ny'') | | ''Y'' y || ''upsilon'' {{IPA|[ˈupːisilɔn]}} || {{IPA|/i/}}, {{IPA|/j/}}, {{IPA|/ai̯/}} || upsilon || not an official letter, unassimilated loanwords only (excl. ''ly, ny'') | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''Z'' z || ''xeta'' {{IPA|[ˈçeta]}} || {{IPA|/z/}} || xeta || not an official letter, unassimilated loanwords only | | ''Z'' z || ''xeta'' {{IPA|[ˈçeta]}} || {{IPA|/z/}}, {{IPA|/s/}} || xeta || not an official letter, unassimilated loanwords only, or word-initially in some Greek roots (as in ''Zeus'', ''Zoi'', ''zoo-''). | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 216: | Line 218: | ||
* Palatal sound + '''a, o, u''' → '''ch, j, x''' | * Palatal sound + '''a, o, u''' → '''ch, j, x''' | ||
* Velar sound + '''i, e''' → '''qu, gu'''; the sequences {{IPA|/χi χe/}} do not exist in Atlantic. | * Velar sound + '''i, e''' → '''qu, gu'''; the sequences {{IPA|/χi χe/}} do not exist in Atlantic. | ||
The letter '''z''', not native to the Atlantic alphabet is usually pronounced {{IPA|[z]}} in unassimilated loanwords it occurs in. However, it is found root-initially in certain Greek words, where it is pronounced {{IPA|[s]}}, e.g. in ''Zeus'' {{IPA|[ˈsɛu̯s]}} or ''Zoi'' {{IPA|[swa]}}, or ''cenozoic~cenozoïc'' {{IPA|[tɕɛnɔˈswak]}}~{{IPA|[tɕɛnɔˈsɔjk]}}. | |||
===s, x=== | ===s, x=== | ||
| Line 243: | Line 247: | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Nouns do not inflect for case, just for number, and have different pluralization patterns inherited by the Latin declensions and their various subtypes, including those for Greek nouns. Gender is not marked on the nouns themselves, but on accompanying adjectives and articles. | Nouns (''numinya'', sg. ''numi'') do not inflect for case, just for number, and have different pluralization patterns inherited by the Latin declensions and their various subtypes, including those for Greek nouns. Gender is not marked on the nouns themselves, but on accompanying adjectives and articles. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 287: | Line 291: | ||
===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
Adjectives follow two different declensions, one with four distinct forms and another with three. Neuter nouns take masculine singular agreement when singular, and feminine singular when plural. | Adjectives (''ageitiva'', sg. ''ageitiu''; less commonly ''epiṭeta'', sg. ''epiṭetu'') follow two different declensions, one with four distinct forms and another with three. Neuter nouns take masculine singular agreement when singular, and feminine singular when plural. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 529: | Line 533: | ||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
The Atlantic pronoun system has less forms than Latin does, but is still (clitic system aside) more complex than other Romance languages. A peculiarity, shared with a few languages such as older forms of Italian, is that there is an animacy distinction in the third person pronouns, with animate forms derived from the Latin demonstratives (<small>ILLUM</small>, cf. It. ''egli, ella''), and the inanimate ones derived from the emphatics (<small>IPSUM</small>, cf. It. ''esso, essa''). | The Atlantic pronoun (''prunuminya'', sg. ''prunumi'') system has less forms than Latin does, but is still (clitic system aside) more complex than other Romance languages. A peculiarity, shared with a few languages such as older forms of Italian, is that there is an animacy distinction in the third person pronouns, with animate forms derived from the Latin demonstratives (<small>ILLUM</small>, cf. It. ''egli, ella''), and the inanimate ones derived from the emphatics (<small>IPSUM</small>, cf. It. ''esso, essa''). | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 754: | Line 758: | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Verbs generally have six moods: three finite (indicative, subjunctive, imperative) and three non-finite ones (infinitive, participle, gerundive). Unlike other Romance languages, Atlantic did not develop a conditional mood. | Verbs (''viarba'', sg. ''viarb'') generally have six moods: three finite (indicative, subjunctive, imperative) and three non-finite ones (infinitive, participle, gerundive). Unlike other Romance languages, Atlantic did not develop a conditional mood. | ||
The indicative and subjunctive are composed of various simple tenses plus other compound ones, while the other moods only have a few forms (the imperative) in a single tense, or have a simple tense and a compound one. The indicative simple tenses are present, imperfect, past (from the Latin perfect), and past perfect. The subjunctive only has three: present, imperfect (from the Latin past perfect subj.), and future (from Latin future perfect ind.) - the origin of the various tenses is therefore the same as in other languages like Portuguese. | The indicative and subjunctive are composed of various simple tenses plus other compound ones, while the other moods only have a few forms (the imperative) in a single tense, or have a simple tense and a compound one. The indicative simple tenses are present, imperfect, past (from the Latin perfect), and past perfect. The subjunctive only has three: present, imperfect (from the Latin past perfect subj.), and future (from Latin future perfect ind.) - the origin of the various tenses is therefore the same as in other languages like Portuguese. | ||
| Line 762: | Line 766: | ||
Only the first conjugation is still productive, and it is also the one with the fewest irregular verbs (most verbs in it have the same root in all principal parts). | Only the first conjugation is still productive, and it is also the one with the fewest irregular verbs (most verbs in it have the same root in all principal parts). | ||
The conjugations are often shared between the various dialects, though their semantic and syntactical usage may vary somewhat (especially for compound tenses). Note that Eastern Numidian, having not undergone the word-final '''t''' → '''l''' shift, has ''-t'' endings for the third-person forms (e.g. ''amat'' instead of ''amal'' for "he/she/it loves"). | The conjugations (''conyugoxunis'', sg. ''conyugoxuni'') are often shared between the various dialects, though their semantic and syntactical usage may vary somewhat (especially for compound tenses). Note that Eastern Numidian, having not undergone the word-final '''t''' → '''l''' shift, has ''-t'' endings for the third-person forms (e.g. ''amat'' instead of ''amal'' for "he/she/it loves"). | ||
====First conjugation==== | ====First conjugation==== | ||
| Line 1,575: | Line 1,579: | ||
All dates are read with ordinal numerals preceded by the masculine article ''il'' (standing for ''il jurn'' "the day") followed by ''di'' plus the definite article of the month name. Thus, June 23 is ''il vixisim tiarx dil santjoni'', August 9 is ''il nunim dâ sunxuni'', or September 30 is ''il trixisim dû chafutany''. In the Atlantic calendar, it has remained customary to use ''charenda'' (a retroformation from lat. ''Kalendæ'') for the first day of the month and ''idus'' (plurale tantum, masculine unlike in Latin) for the thirteenth one (generalized also to those months whose Ides were on the fifteenth day in the Roman calendar). So for example February 1 is ''la charenda dil firvori'' and October 13 is ''lus idus dâ nurtixuni''. | All dates are read with ordinal numerals preceded by the masculine article ''il'' (standing for ''il jurn'' "the day") followed by ''di'' plus the definite article of the month name. Thus, June 23 is ''il vixisim tiarx dil santjoni'', August 9 is ''il nunim dâ sunxuni'', or September 30 is ''il trixisim dû chafutany''. In the Atlantic calendar, it has remained customary to use ''charenda'' (a retroformation from lat. ''Kalendæ'') for the first day of the month and ''idus'' (plurale tantum, masculine unlike in Latin) for the thirteenth one (generalized also to those months whose Ides were on the fifteenth day in the Roman calendar). So for example February 1 is ''la charenda dil firvori'' and October 13 is ''lus idus dâ nurtixuni''. | ||
The main festivities (excluding those of other ethnic groups) in | The main festivities (excluding those of other ethnic groups) in the Atlantic Provinces are the following ones, mostly related to Catholic tradition: | ||
* ''los Charendos'' (New Year's Day - January 1) | * ''los Charendos'' (New Year's Day - January 1) | ||
* ''la Epifanya'' (Epiphany - January 6) | * ''la Epifanya'' (Epiphany - January 6) | ||