Roshterian/Proto-Roshterian: Difference between revisions
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'''Old Roshterian''' is the reconstructed intermediate stage between [[Proto-Talmic]] and [[Roshterian]]. It was spoken approximately at the same time [[Thensarian]] was spoken. | '''Old Roshterian''' is the reconstructed intermediate stage between [[Talmic languages|Proto-Talmic]] and [[Roshterian]]. It was spoken approximately at the same time [[Thensarian]] was spoken. | ||
==Some words== | ==Some words== | ||
*φlat-nəm "seed" > Old Roshterian *ḽatnə > laaṉ "child (offspring)" | *φlat-nəm "seed" > Old Roshterian *ḽatnə > laaṉ "child (offspring)" | ||
*tekts "child" > Old Roshterian *tejṱ, tejs- > ṯeit, ṯeis- "child (young human)" | *tekts "child" > Old Roshterian *tejṱ, tejs- > ṯeit, ṯeis- "child (young human)" | ||
*bonditejṱiə, bondejṱiə, bnejṱiə "child-bearer, child-rearer, babysitter" > | *bonditejṱiə, bondejṱiə, bnejṱiə "child-bearer, child-rearer, babysitter" > bleit, bleiti- "woman" | ||
*soliθe > OR höḽiṱe "5" > helit, lite- | *soliθe > OR höḽiṱe "5" > helit, lite- | ||
*kabnənts > OR kabrəṋs "woman" > (lost) | *kabnənts > OR kabrəṋs "woman" > (lost) | ||
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*nā > ṋiə "I" > nia | *nā > ṋiə "I" > nia | ||
*som, sam > hum "he" | *som, sam > hum "he" | ||
*sausmam > | *sausmam > haufa "moon" > hoof | ||
*sk, st > ść, st > OR sṱ, st > st, s̱ṯ | *sk, st > ść, st > OR sṱ, st > st, s̱ṯ | ||
*Final -r | *Final -s, -m, -r had been deleted in endings | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
a e i o u ə ö ü ē ī ō ū ȫ ǖ iə uə aj ej öj uj iw | a e i o u ə ö ü ā ē ī ō ū ȫ ǖ iə uə aj ej öj uj iw | ||
ȫ > aa in later Roshterian; aa also emerges from CL | ȫ > aa in later Roshterian; aa also emerges from CL | ||
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The "medial" consonants were retroflex, sje-like or bunched. | |||
===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
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| ''ḽatnai'' || ''ḽatnə'' || ''hēḽatnə'' | | ''ḽatnai'' || ''ḽatnə'' || ''hēḽatnə'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Nouns also have an ''incorporated form'' or an ''incorporandum'', used when the noun is used in noun incorporation. | |||
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
The process of attaching preverbs such as prepositions to verbs was productive in Proto-Talmic, which then was repurposed for applicatives and for noun incorporation in Old Roshterian [unlike in Thensarian which took a path more akin to IE languages]. | The process of attaching preverbs such as prepositions to verbs was productive in Proto-Talmic, which then was repurposed for applicatives and for noun incorporation in Old Roshterian [unlike in Thensarian which took a path more akin to IE languages]. | ||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||