Linguifex

Roshterian/Proto-Roshterian: Difference between revisions

← Older edit
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,246 edits
mNo edit summary
IlL (talk | contribs)
Bots
143,246 edits
mNo edit summary
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
 
(10 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 4: Line 4:
*φlat-nəm "seed" > Old Roshterian *ḽatnə > laaṉ "child (offspring)"
*φlat-nəm "seed" > Old Roshterian *ḽatnə > laaṉ "child (offspring)"
*tekts "child" > Old Roshterian *tejṱ, tejs- > ṯeit, ṯeis- "child (young human)"
*tekts "child" > Old Roshterian *tejṱ, tejs- > ṯeit, ṯeis- "child (young human)"
*bonditejṱiə, bondejṱiə, bnejṱiə "child-bearer, child-rearer, babysitter" > breit, breiti- "woman"
*bonditejṱiə, bondejṱiə, bnejṱiə "child-bearer, child-rearer, babysitter" > bleit, bleiti- "woman"
*soliθe > OR höḽiṱe "5" > helit, lite-
*soliθe > OR höḽiṱe "5" > helit, lite-
*kabnənts > OR kabrəṋs "woman" > (lost)
*kabnənts > OR kabrəṋs "woman" > (lost)
Line 13: Line 13:
*nā > ṋiə "I" > nia
*nā > ṋiə "I" > nia
*som, sam > hum "he"
*som, sam > hum "he"
*sausmam > hauma "moon" > hoom
*sausmam > haufa "moon" > hoof
*sk, st > ść, st > OR sṱ, st > st, s̱ṯ
*sk, st > ść, st > OR sṱ, st > st, s̱ṯ
*Final -s, -m, -r had been deleted in endings
*Final -s, -m, -r had been deleted in endings
Line 117: Line 117:
|}
|}


Nouns also have an ''incorporated form'', used when the noun is used in noun incorporation.
Nouns also have an ''incorporated form'' or an ''incorporandum'', used when the noun is used in noun incorporation.
<!--
<!--
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
Line 156: Line 156:


===Verbs===
===Verbs===
Verbs have absolute and conjunct stems, much like in Old Irish. With a preverb or an ''incorporandum'' (incorporated noun stem), the conjunct form is used.
The process of attaching preverbs such as prepositions to verbs was productive in Proto-Talmic, which then was repurposed for applicatives and for noun incorporation in Old Roshterian [unlike in Thensarian which took a path more akin to IE languages].
The process of attaching preverbs such as prepositions to verbs was productive in Proto-Talmic, which then was repurposed for applicatives and for noun incorporation in Old Roshterian [unlike in Thensarian which took a path more akin to IE languages].
The forms came from the following stress pattern:
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
|+ Verb stress patterns in Pre-Roshterian [immediately after stress shift]
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | preverb
! |
! style="width: 100px;" | first
!  style="width: 100px;" | ...
!  style="width: 100px;" | penult
!  style="width: 100px;" | final
|-
! Absolute
| ''-''
! |
| '''secondary''' || unstressed || '''primary''' || unstressed
|-
! Conjunct
| '''secondary'''
! |
| unstressed || unstressed|| '''primary''' || unstressed
|}
Handwave: This creates a succession of unstressed syllables in the conjunct form which gets smooshed together in Old Roshterian. Or maybe no syncope, but some sort of vowel harmonization
Examples:
{| class="bluetable"
|-
! Person  !! ''ṋoṱiəṋi'' "I rest" (independent) !! ''mī-ṋṱiəṋi'' "I do not rest" (dependent)
|-
| 1SG || ṋoṱiəṋi || mī-ṋṱiəṋi
|-
| 2SG || ṋoṱiəri || mī-ṋṱiəri
|-
| 3SG.M || ṋoṱiəmi || mī-ṋṱiəmi
|-
| 3SG.F || ṋoṱiəsi || mī-ṋṱiəsi
|-
| 3SG.N || ṋoṱiə || mī-ṋṱiə
|-
| 1EX || ṋoṱiəmē || mī-ṋṱiəmē
|-
| 1IN || ṋoṱiəṋṱi || mī-ṋṱiəṋṱi
|-
| 2PL || ṋoṱiəsṱi || mī-ṋṱiəsṱi
|-
| 3PL || ṋoṱiəbi || mī-ṋṱiəbi
|}
For verbs that already have a preverb, this works a little differently. For example, consider the verb ''hē-poldəṋi'' "I praise", an applicative verb formed with ''hē-'' 'about' + ''poldəṋi'' 'sing':
{| class="bluetable"
|-
! Person  !! ''hē-poldəṋi'' "I praise" (independent) !! ''mīs-epoləṋi'' "I do not praise" (dependent)
|-
| 1SG || hē-poldəṋi || mīs-epoləṋi
|-
| 2SG || hē-poldəri || mīs-epoləri
|-
| 3SG.M || hē-poldəmi|| mīs-epoləmi
|-
| 3SG.F || hē-poldəsi || mīs-epoləsi
|-
| 3SG.N || hē-poldə || mīs-epolə
|-
| 1EX || hē-poldəmē || mīs-epoləmē
|-
| 1IN || hē-poldəṋṱi || mīs-epoləṋṱi
|-
| 2PL || hē-poldəsṱi || mīs-epoləsṱi
|-
| 3PL || hē-poldəbi || mīs-epoləbi
|}


===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
Retrieved from "https://duo.linguifex.com/wiki/Roshterian/Proto-Roshterian"