https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Weddish%2FDiachronics
Weddish/Diachronics - Revision history
2026-04-21T09:12:58Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.43.6
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=294144&oldid=prev
Aquatiki: cat
2022-12-30T13:53:29Z
<p>cat</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:53, 30 December 2022</td>
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<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Weddish]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=291842&oldid=prev
Aquatiki at 17:40, 20 November 2022
2022-11-20T17:40:58Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:40, 20 November 2022</td>
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</table>
Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=290827&oldid=prev
Aquatiki: /* To Middle Welsh */ reasoning
2022-10-16T17:35:14Z
<p><span class="autocomment">To Middle Welsh: </span> reasoning</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:35, 16 October 2022</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l323">Line 323:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 323:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔː → au / when stressed</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔː → au / when stressed</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* l → ɬ / _t</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* l → ɬ / _t</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* w → gw / #<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">_</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* w → gw / #<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[aeou] - w to gw before vowels-not-i</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* mp nt ŋk → m̥ n̥ ŋ̊</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* mp nt ŋk → m̥ n̥ ŋ̊</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔ → ə / #_sC</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔ → ə / #_sC</div></td></tr>
</table>
Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=290826&oldid=prev
Aquatiki: /* To Middle Welsh */
2022-10-16T17:21:16Z
<p><span class="autocomment">To Middle Welsh</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:21, 16 October 2022</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l323">Line 323:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 323:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔː → au / when stressed</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔː → au / when stressed</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* l → ɬ / _t</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* l → ɬ / _t</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* w → <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ɡw </del>/ #_</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* w → <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">gw </ins>/ #_</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* mp nt ŋk → m̥ n̥ ŋ̊</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* mp nt ŋk → m̥ n̥ ŋ̊</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔ → ə / #_sC</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ɔ → ə / #_sC</div></td></tr>
</table>
Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=290802&oldid=prev
Aquatiki: /* To Middle Welsh */ str
2022-10-16T00:32:02Z
<p><span class="autocomment">To Middle Welsh: </span> str</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 00:32, 16 October 2022</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l293">Line 293:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 293:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ei → eː</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ei → eː</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* st → sː (with some exceptions)</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* st → sː (with some exceptions)</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** initial str → צ , middle/end str → sr</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ai → ɛ</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ai → ɛ</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* s → ∅ / V_V</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* s → ∅ / V_V</div></td></tr>
</table>
Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=122611&oldid=prev
Aquatiki at 02:59, 6 August 2018
2018-08-06T02:59:53Z
<p></p>
<a href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=122611&oldid=122610">Show changes</a>
Aquatiki
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Weddish/Diachronics&diff=122610&oldid=prev
Aquatiki: Created page with "__TOC__ <div style="width:100%; background:#ddd;"> <center> ==PIE (-4500)== Cowgill's Law Osthoff's Law Sievers's law </center> </div> <div style="column-count: 2;"> <h3>..."
2018-08-05T22:12:59Z
<p>Created page with "__TOC__ <div style="width:100%; background:#ddd;"> <center> ==PIE (-4500)== Cowgill's Law Osthoff's Law Sievers's law </center> </div> <div style="column-count: 2;"> <h3>..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>__TOC__<br />
<div style="width:100%; background:#ddd;"><br />
<center><br />
==PIE (-4500)==<br />
<br />
Cowgill's Law<br />
<br />
Osthoff's Law<br />
<br />
Sievers's law<br />
<br />
</center><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="column-count: 2;"><br />
<h3>Proto-Celtic (-800)</h3><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Proto-Celtic consonants<br />
|-<br />
! Type<br />
! colspan=2|&nbsp;[[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]]&nbsp;<br />
! colspan=2|&nbsp;[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]&nbsp;<br />
! colspan=2|&nbsp;[[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]&nbsp;<br />
! colspan=2|&nbsp;[[Velar consonant|Velar]]&nbsp;<br />
! colspan=2| Labial–<br>velar<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! [[Nasal stop|Nasal]]<br />
| colspan=2|{{IPA|m}}<br />
| colspan=2|{{IPA|n}}<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2|({{IPA|ŋ}})<br />
| colspan=2|({{IPA|ŋʷ}})<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! [[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|b}}<br />
| {{IPA|t}}<br />
| {{IPA|d}}<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| {{IPA|k}}<br />
| {{IPA|ɡ}}<br />
| {{IPA|kʷ}}<br />
| {{IPA|ɡʷ}}<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]<br />
| {{IPA|ɸ}}<br />
|<br />
| {{IPA|s}}<br />
|<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2| {{IPA|l}}<br />
| colspan=2|{{IPA|j}}<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2| {{IPA|w}}<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! [[Trill consonant|Trill]]<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2| {{IPA|r}}<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
| colspan=2|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
* then kʷ/p/_ (P-Celtic)<br />
<br />
Vowels<br />
* i iː<br />
* e<br />
* a aː<br />
* o oː<br />
* u uː<br />
<br />
&nbsp;<br />
<br />
<br />
--------<br />
<br />
<br />
&nbsp;<br />
<br />
<h3>Proto-Germanic (-500)</h3><br />
<br />
<br />
* Grimm's Law, Verner's Law, Primärberührung<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center<br />
|- style="font-size: 90%;"<br />
|+ Proto-Germanic consonants<br />
!Type<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Bilabial<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Dental<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Alveolar<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Palatal<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Velar<br />
! colspan="2" style="width:20px;"| Labial–<br>velar<br />
|-<br />
! Nasal<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"| || style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|{{IPA|m}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"| || style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|{{IPA|n}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"| || style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|({{IPA|ŋ}})<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"| || style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|({{IPA|ŋʷ}})<br />
|-<br />
! [[Stop consonant|Stop]]<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|p}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|b}}<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"|{{IPA|t}}|| style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|{{IPA|d}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|k}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|ɡ}}<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|kʷ}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|ɡʷ}}<br />
|-<br />
! [[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|ɸ}}||style="border-left: 0;"|({{IPA|β}})<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|θ}}||style="border-left: 0;"|({{IPA|ð}})<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|s}}||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|z}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|x}}||style="border-left: 0;"|({{IPA|ɣ}})<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"|{{IPA|xʷ}}||style="border-left: 0;"|<br />
|-<br />
! [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2| {{{IPA|l}}}<br />
| style="width:20px; border-right:0;"| || style="width:20px; border-left:0;"|{{IPA|j}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|w}}<br />
|-<br />
! [[Trill consonant|Trill]]<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|style="border-right: 0;"| ||style="border-left: 0;"|{{IPA|r}}<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|colspan=2|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Vowels<br />
* i iː ĩ ĩː<br />
* e eː<br />
* ɛː ɛːː<br />
* ɑ ɑː ɑ̃ ɑ̃ː<br />
* ɔː ɔːː ɔ̃ː ɔ̃ːː<br />
* u uː ũ ũː<br />
<br />
: ô (aka ɔːː) became -a in ON and OE, but -oin OHG<br />
: -ǭ became -a in OHG but -e in OE<br />
: -ōn became -ōn in OHG but -an in OE<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<table style="width:100%; background:#ddd;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan=2><br />
<center><br />
== Through Roman Times ==<br />
</center><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
=== Western Germanic ===<br />
Ingvaeonic and Irminonic<br />
<br />
* /ɛː/, also written ǣ, to ā<br />
* umlaut<br />
* z/r/V_V<br />
* demonstrative ''this''<br />
* C/C²/_j West Germanic gemination<br />
<br />
Decision Time!<br />
* V/Ã/_NF Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (vowel + nasal + voiceless fricative = nasal-vowel + fric.)<br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
=== Insular Celtic ===<br />
a.k.a Brittonic<br />
<br />
* keep am and an<br />
* u/gw/#_<br />
* s/h/#_V<br />
* s//#_[lmn]<br />
* sp/f/#_<br />
* sr/fr/#_<br />
* sw/xw/#_<br />
* P/B/V_V Voiceless stops become voiced stops in intervocalic position<br />
* B/Z/V_V Voiced plosives and /m/ became soft spirants in an intervocalic position<br />
* B/Z/_L Voiced plosives and /m/ became soft spirants before liquids<br />
* P/F/_[LV] Geminated voiceless plosives transformed into spirants before a vowel or liquid<br />
* P/F/L_ Voiceless stops become spirants after liquids<br />
* B//N_ Voiced stops were assimilated to a preceding nasal<br />
<br />
later ɣ/j/_<br />
<br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></div>
Aquatiki