User:Juhhmi/Irbel - Revision history

Juhhmi: /* Consonant graphemes */

2015-07-04T19:55:25Z

Consonant graphemes

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:55, 4 July 2015
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	\|w		\|w
	\|w:/ɥ:		\|w:/ɥ:
	\|Between back]front vowels		\|Between back/front vowels
	\|''uu''		\|''uu''
	\|-		\|-

Juhhmi: /* Vowel graphemes */

2015-07-04T19:54:49Z

Vowel graphemes

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:54, 4 July 2015
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	!Phoneme		!Phoneme
	!Notes		!Notes
			!Origin
	\|-		\|-
	\|w		\|w
	\|ou̯]uʉ̯		\|ou̯/uʉ̯
	\|word-initially]-medially		\|word-initially/-medially
			\|''uu''
	\|-		\|-
	\|y		\|y
	\|ɨ:		\|ɨ:
	\|		\|
			\|''íj''
	\|-		\|-
	\|æ		\|æ
	\|ɑ+ʲ		\|ɑ+ʲ
	\|~~from~~ ''ae''		\|
			\|''ae''
	\|-		\|-
	\|G		\|G
	\|ʲä		\|ʲä
	\|rare~~, from~~ ''ea''		\|rare
			\|''ea''
	\|-		\|-
	\|ú		\|ú
	\|u+ʲ		\|u+ʲ
	\|~~from~~ ''uı''		\|
			\|''uı''
	\|-		\|-
	\|ɯ		\|ɯ
	\|ʲʉ		\|ʲʉ
	\|rare~~, from~~ ''ıu''		\|rare
			\|''ıu''
	\|}		\|}

Juhhmi at 19:52, 4 July 2015

2015-07-04T19:52:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:52, 4 July 2015
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	\|}		\|}

	# After back vowels, palatalized ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively. See {{User:Juhhmi/Irbel#Digraphs\|Digraphs}}		# After back vowels, palatalized ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively. See [[User:Juhhmi/Irbel#Digraphs\|Digraphs]]
	# Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels but it is treated as plain.		# Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels but it is treated as plain.
	# Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].		# Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].

Juhhmi: /* Consonant graphemes */

2015-07-04T19:51:16Z

Consonant graphemes

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:51, 4 July 2015
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	\|}		\|}

	# After back vowels, ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively.		# After back vowels, palatalized ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively. See {{User:Juhhmi/Irbel#Digraphs\|Digraphs}}
	# Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels but it is treated as plain.		# Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels but it is treated as plain.
	# Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].		# Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].

Juhhmi: /* Consonant graphemes */

2015-07-04T19:49:46Z

Consonant graphemes

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:49, 4 July 2015
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	\|c		\|c
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|ç<sup>1</sup>		\|ç<sup>1.</sup>
	\|-		\|-
	\|x		\|x
	\|x		\|x
	\|*		\|*
	\|*/x<sup>2</sup>		\|*/x<sup>2.</sup>
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|*		\|*
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	\|v		\|v
	\|w		\|w
	~~\|*<sup>3</sup>~~
	\|*		\|*
			\|*<sup>3.</sup>
	\|ɥ		\|ɥ
	\|*		\|*
	\|*<sup>3</sup>		\|*<sup>3.</sup>
	\|}		\|}

Juhhmi: /* Diphthongs */

2015-07-04T19:46:00Z

Diphthongs

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:46, 4 July 2015
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	Graphemes ''y'' and ''v'' in coda are used to form diphthongs ''ay'' [äɪ̯], ''ey'' [ei̯], ''av'' [ɑʊ̯] and ''ev'' [øy̯] which occur in both open and closed syllables (without or with coda).		Graphemes ''y'' and ''v'' in coda are used to form diphthongs ''ay'' [äɪ̯], ''ey'' [ei̯], ''av'' [ɑʊ̯] and ''ev'' [øy̯] which occur in both open and closed syllables (without or with coda).
	*Normally between vowels, ''y'' forms a long semi-vowel [j:] and ''v'' is [w~ɥ] so the diphthong nature has to be indicated by ''h'' after ''y'' or ''v'': ''aya'' [ɑj:ä] (child) vs. ''ayha'' [~~ɑʊ̯hɑ~~] (to boil).		*Normally between vowels, ''y'' forms a long semi-vowel [j:] and ''v'' is [w~ɥ] so the diphthong nature has to be indicated by ''h'' after ''y'' or ''v'': ''aya'' [ɑj:ä] (child) vs. ''ayha'' [äɪ̯hɑ] (to boil).
	*Grapheme ''w'' as a lone nucleus represents two diphthongs: word-initially ''w''C or ''wh''V is [ou̯] and word-medially [uʉ̯].		*Grapheme ''w'' as a lone nucleus represents two diphthongs: word-initially ''w''C or ''wh''V is [ou̯] and word-medially [uʉ̯].

Juhhmi: /* Orthography */

2015-07-04T19:45:18Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:45, 4 July 2015
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	*If a syllable has a front vowel as nucleus but both onset and coda not palatalized, ''h'' can be used to alter the coda instead of ''o'': ''caétaét'' [ketetʲ] (thousand) vs. ''caétaéht'' or ''caétaéto'' [ketetʰ] (fever).		*If a syllable has a front vowel as nucleus but both onset and coda not palatalized, ''h'' can be used to alter the coda instead of ''o'': ''caétaét'' [ketetʲ] (thousand) vs. ''caétaéht'' or ''caétaéto'' [ketetʰ] (fever).

	===~~Consonants~~===		===Consonant graphemes===

	Realization of different graphemes in a word, and * means that the grapheme is not used in the position with all .		Realization of different graphemes in a word, and * means that the grapheme is not used in the position with all .
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	\|c		\|c
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|ç		\|ç<sup>1</sup>
	\|-		\|-
	\|x		\|x
	\|x		\|x
	\|*		\|*
	\|*/x		\|*/x<sup>2</sup>
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|*		\|*
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	\|v		\|v
	\|w		\|w
	\|*		\|*<sup>3</sup>
	\|*		\|*
	\|ɥ		\|ɥ
	\|*		\|*
	\|*		\|*<sup>3</sup>
	\|}		\|}

	*After back vowels, ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively.		# After back vowels, ''c'' is not fully spirantized [ç], but weakly aspirated [cʰ]. Ligatures ''f'' and ''k'' are [ç] after ''a'' and ''u'' respectively.
	*Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels.		# Grapheme ''x'' [x] comes word-finally only after front vowels but it is treated as plain.
	*Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].		# Grapheme ''v'' is only used in codas after ''a'' and ''e'' to indicate the diphthongs [ɑʊ̯] and [øy̯].

	{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"		{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"
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	!Phoneme		!Phoneme
	!Notes		!Notes
			!Origin
	\|-		\|-
	\|q		\|q
	\|kɘ		\|kɘ
	\|		\|
			\|''ce''
	\|-		\|-
	\|d		\|d
	\|kɪ		\|kɪ
	\|		\|
			\|''cı''
	\|-		\|-
	\|f		\|f
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|After a		\|After a
			\|''ec''
	\|-		\|-
	\|k		\|k
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|After u		\|After u
			\|''ıc''
	\|-		\|-
	\|m		\|m
	\|n:/ɲ:		\|n:/ɲ:
	\|Between vowels		\|Between vowels
			\|''nn''
	\|-		\|-
	\|w		\|w
	\|w:/ɥ:		\|w:/ɥ:
	\|Between back]front vowels		\|Between back]front vowels
			\|''uu''
	\|-		\|-
	\|y		\|y/ÿ
	\|j:		\|j:
	\|Between vowels		\|Between vowels
			\|''íj''
	\|}		\|}

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	*Word-initial ''w'' before a back vowel is realized as [əw-] and before front vowels as [əɥ-]. Word-initial ''y'' is similarly [əj-] and ''m'' is [ən-]. In coda, ''y'' is used only after ''a'' and ''e'' for diphthongs [äɪ̯] and [ei̯] respectively		*Word-initial ''w'' before a back vowel is realized as [əw-] and before front vowels as [əɥ-]. Word-initial ''y'' is similarly [əj-] and ''m'' is [ən-]. In coda, ''y'' is used only after ''a'' and ''e'' for diphthongs [äɪ̯] and [ei̯] respectively

	===~~Vowels~~===		===Vowel graphemes===

	{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"		{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"
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	\|}		\|}

	*Glottal fricative [h] separates pronounced vowels in pronunciation and is inserted if more than two vowels would line: ''cíu'' [cihu] (flow) vs. ''cíhuıt'' [cihutʲ] (imagine)		*Glottal fricative [h] always separates pronounced vowels in pronunciation and is inserted as grapheme ''h'' if more than two vowels would line: ''cíu'' [cihu] (flow) vs. ''cíhuıt'' [cihutʲ] (imagine)

	{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"		{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"

Juhhmi: /* Consonants */

2015-07-04T19:27:42Z

Consonants

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:27, 4 July 2015
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	\|x		\|x
	\|*		\|*
	\|*]x		\|*/x
	\|ç		\|ç
	\|*		\|*
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	\|-		\|-
	\|m		\|m
	\|n:]ɲ:		\|n:/ɲ:
	\|Between vowels		\|Between vowels
	\|-		\|-
	\|w		\|w
	\|w:]ɥ:		\|w:/ɥ:
	\|Between back]front vowels		\|Between back]front vowels
	\|-		\|-

Juhhmi at 19:01, 2 June 2015

2015-06-02T19:01:08Z

Show changes

Juhhmi: /* Digraphs */

2015-06-02T18:56:14Z

Digraphs

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:56, 2 June 2015
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	===Digraphs===		===Digraphs===

	Examples of the use of ''e'' and ''ı'' with consonants.		Examples of the use of ''e'' and ''ı'' with consonants.

	{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"		{\|class="bluetable lightbluebg"
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	*All diphthongs are separated from vowels following them with ''h''.		*All diphthongs are separated from vowels following them with ''h''.
			*Consonant and the palatilization/plosivation vowel may change places.

	Examples: ''cıuq'' /cʉkɘ/ (sleeve), ''cíu'' /cihu/ (flow), ''cead'' /cäkɪ/ (neck), ''céa'' /cehɑ/ (mock)		Examples: ''cıuq'' /cʉkɘ/ (sleeve), ''cíu'' /cihu/ (flow), ''cead'' /cäkɪ/ (neck), ''céa'' /cehɑ/ (mock)