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	<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Ogbami_languages</id>
	<title>Ogbami languages - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Ogbami_languages"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-23T01:31:22Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.6</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371876&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox: /* Velar-Uvular */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371876&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-22T00:12:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Velar-Uvular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:12, 22 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Gnu, particularly in the east of the Gnu Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cy&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;e̚&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039; respectively. In Gnu specifically, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ŋ&#039;&#039; became /ɴ/.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Gnu, particularly in the east of the Gnu Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;cų&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;e̥&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039; respectively. In Gnu specifically, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ŋ&#039;&#039; became /ɴ/.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371698&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox: /* Velar-Uvular */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371698&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-19T09:17:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Velar-Uvular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:17, 19 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Chub&lt;/del&gt;, particularly in the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;west &lt;/del&gt;of the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Chub &lt;/del&gt;Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively. In Gnu specifically, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ŋ&#039;&#039; became /ɴ/.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gnu&lt;/ins&gt;, particularly in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;east &lt;/ins&gt;of the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gnu &lt;/ins&gt;Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively. In Gnu specifically, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ŋ&#039;&#039; became /ɴ/.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371339&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox at 16:49, 15 June 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371339&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-15T16:49:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 16:49, 15 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l16&quot;&gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Contrary to popular belief, the [[Tumachee|Tumachic languages]], though influenced by many Ogbami languages, are not a member of the family itself.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Contrary to popular belief, the [[Tumachee|Tumachic languages]], though influenced by many Ogbami languages, are not a member of the family itself.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The languages, though very varied, can usually be recognised by the signature nasal-plosive diphthongs, or &#039;&#039;*NC&#039;&#039; as it is often referred to for short. &#039;&#039;*NC&#039;&#039;s can be found in almost all Ogbami languages, and the sole exception, the Owhenda language, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;used &lt;/del&gt;variations of &#039;&#039;*VNC&#039;&#039;(vowel-nasal-plosive) and &#039;&#039;*NVC&#039;&#039;(nasal-vowel-plosive).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The languages, though very varied, can usually be recognised by the signature nasal-plosive diphthongs, or &#039;&#039;*NC&#039;&#039; as it is often referred to for short. &#039;&#039;*NC&#039;&#039;s can be found in almost all Ogbami languages, and the sole exception, the Owhenda language, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;uses &lt;/ins&gt;variations of &#039;&#039;*VNC&#039;&#039;(vowel-nasal-plosive) and &#039;&#039;*NVC&#039;&#039;(nasal-vowel-plosive).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Classification==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Classification==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The classification of the Ogbami languages have always been controversial. Critics have always noted the wide variety of phonology and morphology among the Ogbami languages, even though the grammar seems to be mostly be the same across the various branches of the family. Rather less logically, various Chub and Gnu [[w:Nationalism|nationalists]] have opposed the very concept of the two respective languages being part of the same family, as the Chub and the Gnu peoples have historically been bitter enemies, even under the united banner of the Sleeping Bull.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The classification of the Ogbami languages have always been controversial. Critics have always noted the wide variety of phonology and morphology among the Ogbami languages, even though the grammar seems to be mostly be the same across the various branches of the family. Rather less logically, various Chub and Gnu [[w:Nationalism|nationalists]] have opposed the very concept of the two respective languages being part of the same family, as the Chub and the Gnu peoples have historically been bitter enemies, even under the united banner of the Sleeping Bull.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371243&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox at 13:58, 14 June 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371243&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-14T13:58:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:58, 14 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Chub, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Gnu, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. In Gnu specifically, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ŋ&#039;&#039; became /ɴ/&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371241&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox: /* Velar-Uvular */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371241&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-14T13:43:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Velar-Uvular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:43, 14 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gnu&lt;/del&gt;, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Chub&lt;/del&gt;, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Chub&lt;/ins&gt;, Aoyého&#039;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Gnu&lt;/ins&gt;, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371164&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox: /* Velar-Uvular */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371164&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-13T00:22:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Velar-Uvular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:22, 13 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Gnu, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Chub, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Gnu&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, Aoyého&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Chub, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the west of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371162&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox: /* Velar-Uvular */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371162&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-13T00:20:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Velar-Uvular&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:20, 13 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The general explanation for this pattern is that the languages experienced geographical sprachbund in the affected areas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;====Velar-Uvular====&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Gnu, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Chub, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;West &lt;/del&gt;of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Velar-Uvular hypothesis, in opposition to the North-South hypothesis, tends to focus more on specific phonetic categories rather than geographical sprachbund. This hypothesis splits the Ogbami languages into two categories: Velar, which contains languages like Gnu, Tsansi and Yañgo, and Uvular, which contains languages like Chub, Ichaéno and Owhenda. As is implied in the name, &#039;&#039;&#039;Velar Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages tend to feature more prominently velar sounds like /k/, /g/, /x/ and occasionally /ɣ/ or /ɫ~ʟ/. These sounds generally correspond to Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;*s̪&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*-l&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;&#039;Uvular Ogbami&#039;&#039;&#039; languages seem to not only preserve most of the aforementioned Proto-Ogbami sounds, but also copy and shift them to an uvular realisation, with Proto-Ogbami final &#039;&#039;*k&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; often shifting to /q/ and /χ/. A shift of Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; &amp;gt; /ɢ/ is rarer, but does appear in some dialects of Chub, particularly in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;west &lt;/ins&gt;of the Chub Nation. In Ichaéno, Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*g&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*x&#039;&#039; merged into /ɣ~ʁ/, as seen in Ichaéno &#039;&#039;ya&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;wééŋ&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;chę&#039;&#039;&#039;ğ&#039;&#039;&#039;ee&#039;&#039;, from Proto-Ogbami &#039;&#039;*ja&#039;&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&#039;oiŋm&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;*cy&#039;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&#039;e̚&#039;&#039; respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Notes==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Ogbami languages]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Language families]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371161&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox at 00:18, 13 June 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371161&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-13T00:18:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:18, 13 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l7&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| familycolor = Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| familycolor = Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| fam1 = One of the world&amp;#039;s primary language families&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| fam1 = One of the world&amp;#039;s primary language families&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child1 = North-Velar &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;hypo&quot;&amp;gt;See [[#Internal classification]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child1 = North-Velar&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;hypo&quot;&amp;gt;See [[#Internal classification]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child2 = North-Uvular &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child2 = North-Uvular&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child3 = South-Velar &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child3 = South-Velar&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child4 = South-Uvular &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child4 = South-Uvular&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ogbami languages&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. Most speakers of an Ogbami language live, or are members of, the Sleeping Bull Confederacy: Indeed, the Sleeping Bull Nations of [[Chub]], [[Ñgnw|Gnu]] and Ma-Nojju all speak at least one Ogbami language(Chub, Gnu and [[Aoyého&amp;#039;]] respectively). Aoyého&amp;#039;, as well as other Ogbami languages like [[Owhenda]] and [[Yañgo]] are also spoken in the Aoyetohu Nations, a federation in North-western Utah with ties to the first Sleeping Bull Confederacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ogbami languages&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. Most speakers of an Ogbami language live, or are members of, the Sleeping Bull Confederacy: Indeed, the Sleeping Bull Nations of [[Chub]], [[Ñgnw|Gnu]] and Ma-Nojju all speak at least one Ogbami language(Chub, Gnu and [[Aoyého&amp;#039;]] respectively). Aoyého&amp;#039;, as well as other Ogbami languages like [[Owhenda]] and [[Yañgo]] are also spoken in the Aoyetohu Nations, a federation in North-western Utah with ties to the first Sleeping Bull Confederacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371160&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox at 00:18, 13 June 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371160&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-13T00:18:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:18, 13 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l7&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| familycolor = Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| familycolor = Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| fam1 = One of the world&amp;#039;s primary language families&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| fam1 = One of the world&amp;#039;s primary language families&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child1 = North &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child1 = North&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-&lt;/ins&gt;Velar Ogbami&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;hypo&quot;&amp;gt;See [[#Internal classification]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| child2 = South Ogbami&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| child2 = North-Uvular Ogbami&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| child3 = &lt;/del&gt;Velar Ogbami&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;hypo&quot;&amp;gt;See [[#Internal classification]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| child3 = South-Velar Ogbami&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child4 = Uvular Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| child4 = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;South-&lt;/ins&gt;Uvular Ogbami&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ogbami languages&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. Most speakers of an Ogbami language live, or are members of, the Sleeping Bull Confederacy: Indeed, the Sleeping Bull Nations of [[Chub]], [[Ñgnw|Gnu]] and Ma-Nojju all speak at least one Ogbami language(Chub, Gnu and [[Aoyého&amp;#039;]] respectively). Aoyého&amp;#039;, as well as other Ogbami languages like [[Owhenda]] and [[Yañgo]] are also spoken in the Aoyetohu Nations, a federation in North-western Utah with ties to the first Sleeping Bull Confederacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Ogbami languages&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. Most speakers of an Ogbami language live, or are members of, the Sleeping Bull Confederacy: Indeed, the Sleeping Bull Nations of [[Chub]], [[Ñgnw|Gnu]] and Ma-Nojju all speak at least one Ogbami language(Chub, Gnu and [[Aoyého&amp;#039;]] respectively). Aoyého&amp;#039;, as well as other Ogbami languages like [[Owhenda]] and [[Yañgo]] are also spoken in the Aoyetohu Nations, a federation in North-western Utah with ties to the first Sleeping Bull Confederacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371159&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Jukethatbox at 00:17, 13 June 2024</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Ogbami_languages&amp;diff=371159&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2024-06-13T00:17:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:17, 13 June 2024&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l2&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| name = Ogbami languages&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| name = Ogbami languages&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| protoname = [[Proto-Ogbami]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| protoname = [[Proto-Ogbami]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| region = &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sleeping Bull Confederacy, Aoyetohu Nations&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| region = &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;western North America&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| creator = User:Jukethatbox&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| creator = User:Jukethatbox&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| created = 2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;| created = 2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Jukethatbox</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>