Nantai - Revision history

Jukethatbox: /* Dipthongs */

2024-06-05T12:49:46Z

Dipthongs

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:49, 5 June 2024
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	\|}		\|}
	====Dipthongs====		====Dipthongs====
	In Japanese, /ou/ monophthongises to form a long /oː/. This rule does not occur in Nantai, so おう(''ou'') is ~~actually~~ pronounced [oʊ̯], not /oː/. In the now extinct Eastern Tochigi dialect, /ou/ was pronounced [joː], trading dipthongisation for initial palatalisation.		In Japanese, /ou/ monophthongises to form a long /oː/. This rule does not occur in Nantai, so おう(''ou'') is pronounced [oʊ̯], not /oː/. In the now extinct Eastern Tochigi dialect, /ou/ was pronounced [joː], trading dipthongisation for initial palatalisation.

	====Nasalisation====		====Nasalisation====

Jukethatbox: /* Consonants */

2024-06-05T12:49:11Z

Consonants

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:49, 5 June 2024
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	\| \|\| \|\| l \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\|		\| \|\| \|\| l \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\|
	\|}		\|}
	/ɲ/ and /ŋ/ are allophones of /n/, for before /e~~/ or /~~i/ and before /k/ or /g/ respectively.		[ɲ] and [ŋ] are allophones of /n/, for before /e~i/ and before /k/ or /g/ respectively.

	===Vowels===		===Vowels===

Jukethatbox: /* Particles */

2024-06-03T11:20:08Z

Particles

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 3 June 2024
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	\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.		\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.
	\|-		\|-
	\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| ~~Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically~~ ゐ ''wi''~~(pronounced~~ [i]~~) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect~~, ~~where ゐ as a particle is more commonly used, it is pronounced /~~ehi~ehe/. \|\| To, towards, for		\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\|ゐ<br>''į''<br>[i], [ehi~ehe]<ref name="shirane"></ref>\|\| To, towards, for
	\|}		\|}

Jukethatbox: /* Dipthongs */

2024-06-03T11:07:36Z

Dipthongs

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:07, 3 June 2024
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	\|}		\|}
	====Dipthongs====		====Dipthongs====
	In Japanese, an /ou/ ~~is monophthongised~~ to form a long /oː/. This rule does not occur in Nantai, so おう(''ou'') is actually pronounced /ou/, ~~not~~ /oː/.		In Japanese, /ou/ monophthongises to form a long /oː/. This rule does not occur in Nantai, so おう(''ou'') is actually pronounced [oʊ̯], not /oː/. In the now extinct Eastern Tochigi dialect, /ou/ was pronounced [joː], trading dipthongisation for initial palatalisation.

	====Nasalisation====		====Nasalisation====
	When an alveolar nasal consonant(/n/) is after a vowel, the vowel is nasalised and the consonant is no longer pronounced, e.g. /a/ + /n/ → /an/ → /ã/.		When an alveolar nasal consonant(/n/) is after a vowel, the vowel is nasalised and the consonant is no longer pronounced, e.g. /a/ + /n/ → /an/ → /ã/.

Jukethatbox: /* Vowels */

2024-06-03T11:05:41Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:05, 3 June 2024
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	\| a \|\| \|\|		\| a \|\| \|\|
	\|}		\|}
			====Dipthongs====
			In Japanese, an /ou/ is monophthongised to form a long /oː/. This rule does not occur in Nantai, so おう(''ou'') is actually pronounced /ou/, not /oː/.
	====Nasalisation====		====Nasalisation====
	When an alveolar nasal consonant(/n/) is after a vowel, the vowel is nasalised and the consonant is no longer pronounced, e.g. /a/ + /n/ → /an/ → /ã/.		When an alveolar nasal consonant(/n/) is after a vowel, the vowel is nasalised and the consonant is no longer pronounced, e.g. /a/ + /n/ → /an/ → /ã/.

	Nasalised vowels are still considered vowels, so the VCV rule still applies, e.g. /ṼtṼ/ would still become /ṼdṼ/, with /Ṽ/ representing any nasalised vowel.		Nasalised vowels are still considered vowels, so the VCV rule still applies, e.g. /ṼtṼ/ would still become /ṼdṼ/, with /Ṽ/ representing any nasalised vowel.

	===Prosody===		===Prosody===
	====Pitch-accent====		====Pitch-accent====

Jukethatbox: /* Morphology */

2024-06-03T11:02:25Z

Morphology

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 3 June 2024
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	\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.		\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.
	\|-		\|-
	\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically ゐ ''wi''(pronounced [i]) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect, ゐ as a particle is pronounced /ehi~ehe/. \|\| To, towards, for		\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically ゐ ''wi''(pronounced [i]) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect, where ゐ as a particle is more commonly used, it is pronounced /ehi~ehe/. \|\| To, towards, for
	\|}		\|}

Jukethatbox: /* Particles */

2024-06-03T11:01:54Z

Particles

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:01, 3 June 2024
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	\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.		\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.
	\|-		\|-
	\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically ゐ ''wi''(pronounced [i]) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect, ゐ as a particle is pronounced [ehi~ehe].		\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically ゐ ''wi''(pronounced [i]) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect, ゐ as a particle is pronounced /ehi~ehe/. \|\| To, towards, for
	\|}		\|}

Jukethatbox: /* Particles */

2024-06-03T11:00:38Z

Particles

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:00, 3 June 2024
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	\|-		\|-
	\| は<br>''wa'' \|\| None - sometimes shown by elongation of final vowel, e.g.<br>彼らー(''kárìra-'') \|\| Indicates topic		\| は<br>''wa'' \|\| None - sometimes shown by elongation of final vowel, e.g.<br>彼らー(''kárìra-'') \|\| Indicates topic
			\|-
			\| を<br>''wo'' \|\| を<br> written ''ǫ'', pronounced [o] or [oʊ̯]<ref name="shirane">Only in the Shirane dialect.</ref> \|\| Indicates direct object of action
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan=2 \| が<br>''ga'' \|\| Indicates subject, occasionally object		\| colspan=2 \| が<br>''ga'' \|\| Indicates subject, occasionally object
	\|-		\|-
	\| の<br>''no'' \|\| の ''nó'' - for most words<br>なん ''nán'' - for masculine personal pronouns(彼 & 彼ら)\|\| Indicates possession		\| の<br>''no'' \|\| の ''nó'' - for most words<br>なん ''nán'' - for masculine personal pronouns(彼 & 彼ら)\|\| Indicates possession
			\|-
			\| colspan=2 \| に<br>''ni'' \|\| In, at, on, during, etc.
			\|-
			\| へ<br>written ''he'', pronounced [ɛ]. \|\| Same as Japanese mostly, though more archaically ゐ ''wi''(pronounced [i]) is sometimes used. In the Shirane dialect, ゐ as a particle is pronounced [ehi~ehe].
	\|}		\|}

Jukethatbox at 10:47, 3 June 2024

2024-06-03T10:47:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:47, 3 June 2024
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	! Japanese particle !! Nantai equivalent !! Purpose of particle		! Japanese particle !! Nantai equivalent !! Purpose of particle
	\|-		\|-
	\| は<br>''wa'' \|\| None - sometimes shown by elongation of final vowel, e.g.<br>彼らー(''~~kárèra~~-'') \|\| Indicates topic		\| は<br>''wa'' \|\| None - sometimes shown by elongation of final vowel, e.g.<br>彼らー(''kárìra-'') \|\| Indicates topic
	\|-		\|-
	\| colspan=2 \| が<br>''ga'' \|\| Indicates subject, occasionally object		\| colspan=2 \| が<br>''ga'' \|\| Indicates subject, occasionally object
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	! rowspan=2 \| Third person		! rowspan=2 \| Third person
	! Masculine		! Masculine
	\| ''~~kárè~~*''<br>彼 \|\| ''~~kárèra~~''<br>彼ら		\| ''kárì*''<br>彼 \|\| ''kárìra''<br>彼ら
	\|-		\|-
	! Feminine		! Feminine
	\| ''káno-sò*''<br>彼女 \|\| ''káno-sò-táhi''<br>彼女達		\| ''káno-sò*''<br>彼女 \|\| ''káno-sò-táhi''<br>彼女達
	\|}		\|}
	<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''~~Kárè~~''(彼) and ''káno-sò''(彼女) are loanwords from Japanese. Historically, Classical Nantai had no gendered third person pronouns.		<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''Kárì''(彼) and ''káno-sò''(彼女) are loanwords from Japanese. Historically, Classical Nantai had no gendered third person pronouns.
	====Demonstrative====		====Demonstrative====
	{\| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"		{\| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"

Jukethatbox: /* Comparison with Tochigi-ben */

2024-06-03T10:45:06Z

Comparison with Tochigi-ben

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:45, 3 June 2024
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	* Lack of distinction between [e] and [i]		* Lack of distinction between [e] and [i]
	* Voicing of consonants between two vowels		* Voicing of consonants between two vowels
	* Lack of contracted syllables such as [~~gʲu~~]		* Lack of contracted syllables such as [gʲɯ]
	* Lack of morphological polite register.		* Lack of morphological polite register.

	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
	===Orthography===		===Orthography===