Maryan Coptic - Revision history

Castillerian: /* Adjectives */

2023-06-24T02:13:05Z

Adjectives

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:13, 24 June 2023
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	===Adjectives===		===Adjectives===

	All adjectives are placed after the noun they modify and agree to nouns in terms of gender (masculine/feminine). Most feminine forms of adjectives end in either ''ei'' (ⲉ) or a long vowel.		All adjectives are placed after the noun they modify and agree to nouns in terms of gender (masculine/feminine). Most feminine forms of adjectives end in either ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) or a long vowel.

	Adjectives ending in a consonant ~~conjugate~~ to their feminine form by adding the feminine ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) suffix.		Adjectives ending in a consonant decline to their feminine form by adding the feminine ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) suffix. In adjectives descended from the qualitative case of class 5 verbs, ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) and the final consonant undergo metathesis.

	* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛ'''}} (open) > {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛⲉ'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛ'''}} (''wēn'', open) > {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛⲉ'''}} (''wēne'')
	* {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫ'''}} (sweet) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫⲉ'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫ'''}} (''holc'', sweet) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫⲉ'''}} (''holce'')
	* {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲱⲛ~~'''}} (~~bad~~) > {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲟⲛⲉ~~'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲩⲓⲛ'''}} (''auin'', yellow) > {{cop\|'''ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲉ'''}} (''auine'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲗⲁϧⲉⲙ'''}} (''laḫem'') boiled) > {{cop\|'''ⲗⲁϧⲙⲉ'''}} (''laḫme'')
			* {{cop\|'''ϧⲟⲧⲉⲗ'''}} (''ḫotel'') various) > {{cop\|'''ϧⲟⲑⲗⲉ'''}} (''ḫotʰle'')

	Adjectives with a long vowel and ending in ''ei'' (ⲉ) are prone to replacing their long vowel with a short equivalent and a consonant, usually ''ro'' (ⲣ) and sometimes ''tau'' (ⲧ). The exact consonant is largely unpredictable without historical context.		Adjectives with a long vowel and ending in ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) are prone to replacing their long vowel with a short equivalent and a consonant, usually ''ro'' ({{cop\|ⲣ}}) and sometimes ''tau'' ({{cop\|ⲧ}}). The exact consonant is largely unpredictable without historical context.

	* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲏⲧⲉ'''}} (central) > {{cop\|'''ⲙⲁⲑⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''mtr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈmøtɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲏⲧⲉ'''}} (''mēte'', central) > {{cop\|'''ⲙⲁⲑⲣⲉ'''}} (''matʰre'') (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''mtr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈmøtɾə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ϩⲏⲕⲉ'''}} (hungry) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲁⲭⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''ḥqr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈħøqʼɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ϩⲏⲕⲉ'''}} (''hēke'', hungry) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲁⲭⲣⲉ'''}} (''hakʰre'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''ḥqr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈħøqʼɾə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ⲣⲱⲙⲉ'''}} (human) > {{cop\|'''ⲣⲟⲙⲧⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''rmṯ.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈɾamtə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲣⲱⲙⲉ'''}} (''rōme'', human) > {{cop\|'''ⲣⲟⲙⲧⲉ'''}} (''romte'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''rmṯ.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈɾamtə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲱϣⲉ'''}} (dark red) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲁϣⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''dšr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈtʼaʃɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲱϣⲉ'''}} (''tōše'', dark red) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲁϣⲣⲉ'''}} (''tašre'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''dšr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈtʼaʃɾə/}})

			All Greek-derived adjectives have a masculine declension of {{cop\|-ⲟⲥ}} (''-os'') and a feminine declension of {{cop\|-ⲏ}} (''-ē'').

			* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲥ'''}} (''axios'', worthy) > {{cop\|'''ⲁⲝⲓⲏ'''}} (''axiē'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲟⲥ'''}} (''koinos'', common) > {{cop\|'''ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲏ'''}} (''koinē'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲟⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥ'''}} (''topikos'', local) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲟⲡⲓⲕⲏ'''}} (''topikē'')

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===

Castillerian: /* Vowels */

2023-06-24T01:51:16Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:51, 24 June 2023
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	\|+ Diphthongs		\|+ Diphthongs
	! IPA		! IPA
	\| [äi̯] \|\| [äu̯] \|\| [ɛi̯]<ref>Loanwords only</ref> \|\| [ɛu̯] \|\| [eːi̯] \|\| [eːu̯] \|\| [əi̯] \|\| [iːu̯] \|\| [ɔi̯] \|\| [ɔu̯] \|\| [oːi̯] \|\| [oːu̯]		\| [äi̯] \|\| [äu̯] \|\| [ɛi̯]<ref>Loanwords only</ref> \|\| [ɛu̯] \|\| [eːi̯] \|\| [eːu̯] \|\| [əi̯] \|\| [əu̯]<ref>Construct verbs only</ref> \|\| [iːu̯] \|\| [ɔi̯] \|\| [ɔu̯] \|\| [oːi̯] \|\| [oːu̯]
	\|-		\|-
	! Coptic script		! Coptic script
	\| {{cop\|ⲁⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲁⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}, {{cop\|ⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲓⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}		\| {{cop\|ⲁⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲁⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}, {{cop\|ⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲓⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}
	\|}		\|}

Castillerian: /* Vowels */

2023-06-24T01:49:52Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:49, 24 June 2023
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	\|-		\|-
	! Close		! Close
	\| ~~i iː~~ \|\| \|\| \|\| ~~u uː~~		\| i<ref>Loanwords only</ref> iː \|\| \|\| \|\| u<ref>Loanwords only</ref> uː
	\|-		\|-
	! Close-mid		! Close-mid
	\| ~~e eː~~ \|\| \|\| \|\| ~~o oː~~		\| e<ref>Loanwords only</ref> eː \|\| \|\| \|\| o<ref>Loanwords only</ref> oː
	\|-		\|-
	! Mid		! Mid

Castillerian: /* Prosody */

2023-06-15T03:15:12Z

Prosody

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:15, 15 June 2023
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	Maryan uses a [[w:Stress_(linguistics)#Lexical_stress\|lexical stress]] system. The primary stress is always found either on the [[w:Penult\|penult]] or the [[w:Ultima_(linguistics)\|ultima]], depending on the vowels present, and the secondary stress is always found at least two syllables before the primary stress, usually in conjugated verbs and compound nouns. However, borrowed loanwords tend to break this pattern, as Maryan Coptic attempts to preserve the stress from the loanword's source language. Fortunately, inherited loanwords are constructed specifically to fit Maryan's native stress system, making their stress patterns more predictable than direct borrowings.		Maryan uses a [[w:Stress_(linguistics)#Lexical_stress\|lexical stress]] system. The primary stress is always found either on the [[w:Penult\|penult]] or the [[w:Ultima_(linguistics)\|ultima]], depending on the vowels present, and the secondary stress is always found at least two syllables before the primary stress, usually in conjugated verbs and compound nouns. However, borrowed loanwords tend to break this pattern, as Maryan Coptic attempts to preserve the stress from the loanword's source language. Fortunately, inherited loanwords are constructed specifically to fit Maryan's native stress system, making their stress patterns more predictable than direct borrowings.

	Every vowel, aside from ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), are ~~called~~ 'strong vowels' and can indicate the primary stress of a word. ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) and ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}) are ~~classified as~~ 'short strong' vowels, and ''eta'' ({{cop\|ⲏ}}), ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), and ''ou'' ({{cop\|ⲱ}}) are ~~classified as~~ 'long strong' vowels. ''Ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), and sometimes ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), are ~~called~~ 'weak vowels' and are primarily unstressed if a strong vowel is present. In verb forms, the verb root is always given the primary stress.		Every vowel, aside from ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), are 'strong vowels' and can indicate the primary stress of a word. ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) and ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}) are 'short strong' vowels, and ''eta'' ({{cop\|ⲏ}}), ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), and ''ou'' ({{cop\|ⲱ}}) are 'long strong' vowels. ''Ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), and sometimes ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), are 'weak vowels' and are primarily unstressed if a strong vowel is present. In verb forms, the verb root is always given the primary stress.

	* {{cop\|'''Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ'''}} (Egypt): {{IPA\|/ˈkʰeːmə/}}		* {{cop\|'''Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ'''}} (Egypt): {{IPA\|/ˈkʰeːmə/}}
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	* {{cop\|'''Ⲉⲥⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ'''}} (Esnofre [female-given name]): {{IPA\|/əsˈnɔfɾə/}}		* {{cop\|'''Ⲉⲥⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ'''}} (Esnofre [female-given name]): {{IPA\|/əsˈnɔfɾə/}}

	If multiple strong vowels are found in a word, usually from agglutination, ~~then~~ the final strong vowel or root word gets the primary stress, and any remaining long vowels are shortened. The main exception is if the final vowel is a strong ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}) and the penult vowel is either ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) or ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}). Other exceptions may occur in more formal registers of speech, leaving long vowels in unstressed positions.		If multiple strong vowels are found in a word, usually from agglutination, the final strong vowel or root word gets the primary stress, and any remaining long vowels are shortened. The main exception is if the final vowel is a strong ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}) and the penult vowel is either ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) or ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}). Other exceptions may occur in more formal registers of speech, leaving long vowels in unstressed positions.

	* {{cop\|'''ϯⲙⲁ'''}} (to allow): {{IPA\|/~~ˌtiˈmaʔ~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϯⲙⲁ'''}} (to allow): {{IPA\|/tiːˈmaʔ/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲁⲓⲩ'''}} (seas): {{IPA\|/~~aˈmajju~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲁⲓⲩ'''}} (seas): {{IPA\|/aˈmajjuː/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ϫⲱⲣⲁⲥⲡⲉ'''}} (linguistics): ~~''colloquial'' {{IPA\|/t͡ʃoˈɾaspə/}}, ''formal''~~ {{IPA\|/~~t͡ʃoːˈɾaspə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϫⲱⲣⲁⲥⲡⲉ'''}} (linguistics): {{IPA\|/t͡ʃoːɾˈaspə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲏϩⲓⲙⲉ'''}} (that woman): ~~''colloquial'' {{IPA\|/teˈhiːmə/}}, ''formal''~~ {{IPA\|/teːˈhiːmə/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲏϩⲓⲙⲉ'''}} (that woman): {{IPA\|/teːˈhiːmə/}}

	If a short strong vowel is found on the penult and the ultima contains one onset consonant, then ~~that consonant is duplicated and~~ acts as ~~the~~ coda for the stressed syllable.		If a short strong vowel is found on the penult and the ultima contains one onset consonant, then a glottal stop acts as a coda for the stressed syllable. If the stressed syllable's coda is a ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}) or ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), then the consonant is geminated.

	* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁϫⲉ'''}} (to speak): {{IPA\|/~~ˈsat̚t͡ʃə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁϫⲉ'''}} (to speak): {{IPA\|/ˈsaʔt͡ʃə/}}
			* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉ'''}} (morning): {{IPA\|/aˈtɔwwə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲟⲓⲉ'''}} (farmer): {{IPA\|/ˈwɔjjə/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲟⲓⲉ'''}} (farmer): {{IPA\|/ˈwɔjjə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲟⲛⲉ~~'''}} (~~bad [feminine]~~): {{IPA\|/~~ˈβɔnnə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲟⲛⲉⲛ'''}} (chin): {{IPA\|/ˈɔʔnən/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ϣⲁⲣⲉ'''}} (to hit): {{IPA\|/~~ˈʃarrə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϣⲁⲣⲉ'''}} (to hit): {{IPA\|/ˈʃaʔɾə/}}

	====Intonation====		====Intonation====

Castillerian at 03:04, 15 June 2023

2023-06-15T03:04:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:04, 15 June 2023
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	\|imagesize= 250px		\|imagesize= 250px
	\|name= Maryan Coptic		\|name= Maryan Coptic
	\|nativename={{cop\|~~ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ~~}}<br />''~~temutkʰēme~~''		\|nativename={{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}}<br />''temutremkʰēme''
	\|pronunciation={{IPA\|~~[təˌmuk̚ˈkʰeː.mə]~~}}		\|pronunciation={{IPA\|təˌmuːtɾəmˈkʰeːmə}}
	\|creator=[[User:Castillerian\|Castillerian]]		\|creator=[[User:Castillerian\|Castillerian]]
	\|region=[[w:Egypt\|Egypt]]		\|region=[[w:Egypt\|Egypt]]
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	}}		}}

	Maryan Coptic ({{cop\|~~ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ~~}}, <small>tr.</small> ''~~temutkʰēme~~''), often shortened to 'Maryan', is an [[w:Constructed_language#A_posteriori_language\|a posteriori]] language created by conlanger [[User:Castillerian\|Castillerian]]. The initial intent of this language was to envision a modern register of Classical [[w:Coptic language\|Coptic]] while preserving its core grammar, vocabulary, and estimated phonology.		Maryan Coptic ({{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}}, <small>tr.</small> ''temutremkʰēme''), often shortened to 'Maryan', is an [[w:Constructed_language#A_posteriori_language\|a posteriori]] language created by conlanger [[User:Castillerian\|Castillerian]]. The initial intent of this language was to envision a modern register of Classical [[w:Coptic language\|Coptic]] while preserving its core grammar, vocabulary, and estimated phonology.

	The first drafts of what would become the Maryan Coptic language were created in March 2018, initially titled 'New Coptic' and 'Neo-Egyptian'.These early drafts detailed a modified Latin alphabet as the language's primary writing system, and its phonology more atone with the Greco-Bohairic pronunciation found in modern uses of Coptic. Discontent with the language's current state, the creator redrafted the language's entire phonology and grammar in May 2019, along with its entire lexicon.		The first drafts of what would become the Maryan Coptic language were created in March 2018, initially titled 'New Coptic' and 'Neo-Egyptian'.These early drafts detailed a modified Latin alphabet as the language's primary writing system, and its phonology more atone with the Greco-Bohairic pronunciation found in modern uses of Coptic. Discontent with the language's current state, the creator redrafted the language's entire phonology and grammar in May 2019, along with its entire lexicon.
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	==Etymology==		==Etymology==

	The native name of Maryan is {{cop\|~~ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ~~}} (''~~temutkʰēme~~''), thus meaning "the speech of ~~Egypt~~". The native name for Egypt, {{cop\|Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''Kʰēme''), stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:kmt\|kmt]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaʔ/}} ("Egypt, the Nile valley"), which itself stems from ''[[wikt:km\|km]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaw/}} ("black"), in reference to the fertile soil around the Nile Delta.		The native name of Maryan is {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temutremkʰēme''), thus meaning "the speech of the Egyptian people". The native name for Egypt, {{cop\|Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''Kʰēme''), stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:kmt\|kmt]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaʔ/}} ("Egypt, the Nile valley"), which itself stems from ''[[wikt:km\|km]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaw/}} ("black"), in reference to the fertile soil around the Nile Delta.

	The -{{cop\|ⲙⲩⲧ}}- (''-mut-'') in {{cop\|~~ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ~~}} (''~~temutkʰēme~~'') stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:mdw\|mdw]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈmaːtʼaw/}} ("word, speech").		The -{{cop\|ⲙⲩⲧ}}- (''-mut-'') in {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temutremkʰēme'') stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:mdw\|mdw]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈmaːtʼaw/}} ("word, speech").

	~~An older/liturgical name for the language is {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temetremkʰēme''), thus meaning "the speech of the Egyptian people".~~ The morpheme -{{cop\|ⲣⲉⲙ}}- (''-rem-'') is the construct state of {{cop\|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ}} (''rōme'', "person, human"), which derives from Egyptian ''[[wikt:rmṯ\|rmṯ]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈɾaːmaʔ/}} ("person, human").		The morpheme -{{cop\|ⲣⲉⲙ}}- (''-rem-'') is the construct state of {{cop\|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ}} (''rōme'', "person, human"), which derives from Egyptian ''[[wikt:rmṯ\|rmṯ]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈɾaːmaʔ/}} ("person, human"). In combination with {{cop\|Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''Kʰēme''), it forms the term {{cop\|ⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''remkʰēme'', "Egyptian person").

	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
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	\| zeta, {{cop\|ⲍⲏⲧⲁ}}		\| zeta, {{cop\|ⲍⲏⲧⲁ}}
	\| z		\| z
	\| {{IPA\|[s]}}		\| {{IPA\|[s̠]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲏ ⲏ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲏ ⲏ</big>}}
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	\| ksi, {{cop\|ⲝⲓ}}		\| ksi, {{cop\|ⲝⲓ}}
	\| x		\| x
	\| {{IPA\|[ks]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ks̠]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲟ ⲟ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲟ ⲟ</big>}}
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	\| o, {{cop\|ⲟ}}		\| o, {{cop\|ⲟ}}
	\| o		\| o
	\| {{IPA\|[ɔ] ~ [ɔʔ]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ɔ], [ɔʔ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲡ ⲡ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲡ ⲡ</big>}}
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	\| ro, {{cop\|ⲣⲱ}}		\| ro, {{cop\|ⲣⲱ}}
	\| r		\| r
	\| {{IPA\|[ɾ~~], [r~~]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ɾ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>}}
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	\| sima, {{cop\|ⲥⲓⲙⲁ}}		\| sima, {{cop\|ⲥⲓⲙⲁ}}
	\| s		\| s
	\| {{IPA\|[s]}}		\| {{IPA\|[s̠]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲧ ⲧ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲧ ⲧ</big>}}
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	\| psi, {{cop\|ⲯⲓ}}		\| psi, {{cop\|ⲯⲓ}}
	\| ps		\| ps
	\| {{IPA\|[ps]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ps̠]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲱ ⲱ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲱ ⲱ</big>}}
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	\| hore, {{cop\|ϩⲱⲣⲉ}}		\| hore, {{cop\|ϩⲱⲣⲉ}}
	\| h		\| h
	\| {{IPA\|[h~~], [ɦ~~], [ç]}}		\| {{IPA\|[h], [ç]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ϫ ϫ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ϫ ϫ</big>}}
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	\| ti, {{cop\|ϯ}}		\| ti, {{cop\|ϯ}}
	\| ti		\| ti
	\| {{IPA\|[~~tiː~~], [ti]}}		\| {{IPA\|[tiːʔ], [tiː]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>ⳕ</big>		\| {{cop\|<big>ⳕ</big>
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	\| hat, {{cop\|ϩⲁⲧ}}		\| hat, {{cop\|ϩⲁⲧ}}
	\| '		\| '
	\| {{IPA\|∅, [ʔ]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ʔ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>ⳁ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>ⳁ</big>}}
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	''Sou'' ({{cop\|ⲋ}}) and ''sampi'' ({{cop\|ⳁ}}) are used strictly for their numeric values and do not carry any phonemic values.		''Sou'' ({{cop\|ⲋ}}) and ''sampi'' ({{cop\|ⳁ}}) are used strictly for their numeric values and do not carry any phonemic values.

	~~One of the main functions of~~ ''~~hat~~'' ({{cop\|ⳕ}}) ~~is to modify~~ and ~~move~~ the stress of ~~a given word, usually placed after~~ ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}).		''Hat'' ({{cop\|ⳕ}}) modifies and moves the stress of ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}).

	* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲣⲉⳕ'''}} (baker) - {{IPA\|/amˈɾɛʔ/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲣⲉⳕ'''}} (baker) - {{IPA\|/amˈɾɛʔ/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲉⳕⲣⲉ'''}} (noon) - {{IPA\|/~~ˈmɛrrə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲉⳕⲣⲉ'''}} (noon) - {{IPA\|/ˈmɛʔɾə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ϧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ'''}} (kill [construct]) - {{IPA\|/ˌxətəβ/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ'''}} (kill [construct]) - {{IPA\|/ˌxətəβ/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁⲓⲉⳕ'''}} (beautiful) - {{IPA\|/saˈjɛʔ/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁⲓⲉⳕ'''}} (beautiful) - {{IPA\|/saˈjɛʔ/}}
Line 346:		Line 346:
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="2" \| Fricative		! colspan="2" \| Fricative
	\| β \|\| f \|\| s \|\| ʃ \|\| \|\| \|\| x \|\| h		\| β \|\| f \|\| s̠ \|\| ʃ \|\| \|\| \|\| x \|\| h
	\|-		\|-
	! rowspan="2" \| Affricate		! rowspan="2" \| Affricate
Line 392:		Line 392:
	\|+ Diphthongs		\|+ Diphthongs
	! IPA		! IPA
	\| ~~/aɪ/~~ \|\| ~~/aʊ/~~ \|\| /~~ɛɪ/~~ \|\| ~~/ɛʊ/~~ \|\| ~~/eːɪ/~~ \|\| ~~/eːw/~~ \|\| ~~/əɪ/<ref>Unstressed, usually found as a 1st-person pronominal suffix \| In unstressed syllables of a multi-syllable word</ref>~~ \|\| ~~/iːw/~~ \|\| ~~/ɔɪ/~~ \|\| ~~/ɔw/~~ \|\| ~~/oːɪ/~~ \|\| ~~/oːw/~~		\| [äi̯] \|\| [äu̯] \|\| [ɛi̯]<ref>Loanwords only</ref> \|\| [ɛu̯] \|\| [eːi̯] \|\| [eːu̯] \|\| [əi̯] \|\| [iːu̯] \|\| [ɔi̯] \|\| [ɔu̯] \|\| [oːi̯] \|\| [oːu̯]
	\|-		\|-
	! Coptic script		! Coptic script
	\| {{cop\|ⲁⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲁⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}, {{cop\|ⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲓⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}		\| {{cop\|ⲁⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲁⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲏⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}, {{cop\|ⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲓⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲟⲩ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲓ}} \|\| {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}
	\|-
	~~! Chat script~~
	~~\| ai \|\| au \|\| ei \|\| eu \|\| yi \|\| yu \|\| ei, i \|\| iu \|\| oi \|\| ou \|\| w'i \|\| wu~~
	\|}		\|}

Castillerian: /* Other resources */

2021-04-01T00:35:22Z

Other resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:35, 1 April 2021
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	* [[:Category:Maryan_Coptic\|Contionary index]]		* [[:Category:Maryan_Coptic\|Contionary index]]
	* [[:Swadesh_list_for_Maryan_Coptic\|Swadesh list]]		* [[:Swadesh_list_for_Maryan_Coptic\|Swadesh list]]
	* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/~~1a2uG71L7e86tX1VSNC7Gngdr4mF6XWgs~~/view?usp=sharing Maryan Coptic – English Dictionary (Google Docs)] (''Updated 09 March 2021'')		* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1o9p3qSBvNCHvW3lJR0t_P1-EW44wymWA/view?usp=sharing Maryan Coptic – English Dictionary (Google Docs)] (''Updated 31 March 2021'')
	* [https://conworkshop.com/view_language.php?l=MXM ConWorkShop page (inactive)]		* [https://conworkshop.com/view_language.php?l=MXM ConWorkShop page (inactive)]

Castillerian: /* Latin script */

2021-03-29T23:58:58Z

Latin script

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:58, 29 March 2021
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	{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:7px"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:7px"
	\|+Official Latin orthography		\|+Official Latin orthography
	! style="font-weight:normal" \| Letter \|\| A \|\| B \|\| C \|\| D \|\| E \|\| Ê \|\| F \|\| G \|\| H \|\| I \|\| J \|\| K \|\| L \|\| M \|\| N \|\| O \|\| Ô \|\| P \|\| R \|\| S \|\| T \|\| U \|\| X \|\| Y \|\| Z		! style="font-weight:normal" \| Letter \|\| A \|\| B \|\| C \|\| D \|\| E \|\| Ê \|\| F \|\| G \|\| H \|\| I \|\| J \|\| K \|\| L \|\| M \|\| N \|\| O \|\| Ô \|\| P \|\| R \|\| S \|\| T \|\| U \|\| W \|\| X \|\| Y \|\| Z
	\|-		\|-
	! style="font-weight:normal" \| Name		! style="font-weight:normal" \| Name
	\| a \|\| bê \|\| cê \|\| del \|\| e \|\| ê \|\| ef \|\| gê \|\| ha \|\| i \|\| jot \|\| ka \|\| el \|\| em \|\| en \|\| o \|\| ô \|\| pi \|\| er \|\| es \|\| tê \|\| u \|\| xai \|\| ypsi \|\| zêt		\| a \|\| bê \|\| cê \|\| del \|\| e \|\| ê \|\| ef \|\| gê \|\| ha \|\| i \|\| jot \|\| ka \|\| el \|\| em \|\| en \|\| o \|\| ô \|\| pi \|\| er \|\| es \|\| tê \|\| u \|\| wau \|\| xai \|\| ypsi \|\| zêt
	\|-		\|-
	! style="font-weight:normal" \| Phoneme(s)		! style="font-weight:normal" \| Phoneme(s)
	\| {{IPA\|/a/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/β/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/tʃ/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/t/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA\|/ə/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/eː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/f/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/k/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/h/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/iː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/j/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/k/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/l/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/m/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/n/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɔ/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/oː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/p/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɾ/}}, {{IPA\|/r/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/s/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/t/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/uː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/x/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/i/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/s/}}		\| {{IPA\|/a/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/β/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/tʃ/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/t/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA\|/ə/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/eː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/f/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/k/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/h/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/iː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/j/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/k/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/l/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/m/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/n/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɔ/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/oː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/p/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/ɾ/}}, {{IPA\|/r/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/s/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/t/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/uː/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/w/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/x/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/i/}} \|\| {{IPA\|/s/}}
	\|}		\|}

Castillerian: /* Orthography */

2021-03-19T20:03:11Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:03, 19 March 2021
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	\| alpha, {{cop\|ⲁⲗⲫⲁ}}		\| alpha, {{cop\|ⲁⲗⲫⲁ}}
	\| a		\| a
	\| {{IPA\|[ä] ~ [äʔ]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ä], [äʔ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲃ ⲃ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲃ ⲃ</big>}}
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	\| beta, {{cop\|ⲃⲏⲧⲁ}}		\| beta, {{cop\|ⲃⲏⲧⲁ}}
	\| b		\| b
	\| {{IPA\|[β] ~ [ɸ~~] ~ [b~~]}}		\| {{IPA\|[β], [ɸ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲅ ⲅ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲅ ⲅ</big>}}
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	\| ei, {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}		\| ei, {{cop\|ⲉⲓ}}
	\| e		\| e
	\| {{IPA\|[ɛ] ~ [ɛʔ] ~ [ə]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ɛ], [ɛʔ], [ə]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>ⲋ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>ⲋ</big>}}
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	\| eta, {{cop\|ⲏⲧⲁ}}		\| eta, {{cop\|ⲏⲧⲁ}}
	\| ē		\| ē
	\| {{IPA\|[eː] ~ [e]}}		\| {{IPA\|[eː], [e]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲑ ⲑ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲑ ⲑ</big>}}
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	\| iota, {{cop\|ⲓⲟⲧⲁ}}		\| iota, {{cop\|ⲓⲟⲧⲁ}}
	\| i		\| i
	\| {{IPA\|[iː] ~ [i] ~ [j]}}		\| {{IPA\|[iː], [i], [j]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲕ ⲕ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲕ ⲕ</big>}}
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	\| ne, {{cop\|ⲛⲉ}}		\| ne, {{cop\|ⲛⲉ}}
	\| n		\| n
	\| {{IPA\|[n] ~ [ŋ] ~ [m]}}		\| {{IPA\|[n], [ŋ], [m]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲝ ⲝ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲝ ⲝ</big>}}
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	\| ro, {{cop\|ⲣⲱ}}		\| ro, {{cop\|ⲣⲱ}}
	\| r		\| r
	\| {{IPA\|[ɾ] ~ [r]}}		\| {{IPA\|[ɾ], [r]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>}}
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	\| u, {{cop\|ⲩ}}		\| u, {{cop\|ⲩ}}
	\| u		\| u
	\| {{IPA\|[uː] ~ [u]}}		\| {{IPA\|[uː], [u]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲫ ⲫ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ⲫ ⲫ</big>}}
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	\| ou, {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}		\| ou, {{cop\|ⲱⲩ}}
	\| ō		\| ō
	\| {{IPA\|[oː] ~ [o]}}		\| {{IPA\|[oː], [o]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ϣ ϣ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ϣ ϣ</big>}}
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	\| hore, {{cop\|ϩⲱⲣⲉ}}		\| hore, {{cop\|ϩⲱⲣⲉ}}
	\| h		\| h
	\| {{IPA\|[h] ~ [ɦ] ~ [ç]}}		\| {{IPA\|[h], [ɦ], [ç]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>Ϫ ϫ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>Ϫ ϫ</big>}}
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	\| ti, {{cop\|ϯ}}		\| ti, {{cop\|ϯ}}
	\| ti		\| ti
	\| {{IPA\|[tiː] ~ [ti]}}		\| {{IPA\|[tiː], [ti]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>ⳕ</big>		\| {{cop\|<big>ⳕ</big>
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	\| hat, {{cop\|ϩⲁⲧ}}		\| hat, {{cop\|ϩⲁⲧ}}
	\| '		\| '
	\| {{IPA\|∅ ~ [ʔ]}}		\| {{IPA\|∅, [ʔ]}}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {{cop\|<big>ⳁ</big>}}		\| {{cop\|<big>ⳁ</big>}}

Castillerian at 19:59, 19 March 2021

2021-03-19T19:59:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:59, 19 March 2021
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	The first drafts of what would become the Maryan Coptic language were created in March 2018, initially titled 'New Coptic' and 'Neo-Egyptian'.These early drafts detailed a modified Latin alphabet as the language's primary writing system, and its phonology more atone with the Greco-Bohairic pronunciation found in modern uses of Coptic. Discontent with the language's current state, the creator redrafted the language's entire phonology and grammar in May 2019, along with its entire lexicon.		The first drafts of what would become the Maryan Coptic language were created in March 2018, initially titled 'New Coptic' and 'Neo-Egyptian'.These early drafts detailed a modified Latin alphabet as the language's primary writing system, and its phonology more atone with the Greco-Bohairic pronunciation found in modern uses of Coptic. Discontent with the language's current state, the creator redrafted the language's entire phonology and grammar in May 2019, along with its entire lexicon.

			==Etymology==

			The native name of Maryan is {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temutkʰēme''), thus meaning "the speech of Egypt". The native name for Egypt, {{cop\|Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''Kʰēme''), stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:kmt\|kmt]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaʔ/}} ("Egypt, the Nile valley"), which itself stems from ''[[wikt:km\|km]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈkuːmaw/}} ("black"), in reference to the fertile soil around the Nile Delta.

			The -{{cop\|ⲙⲩⲧ}}- (''-mut-'') in {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temutkʰēme'') stems from Egyptian ''[[wikt:mdw\|mdw]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈmaːtʼaw/}} ("word, speech").

			An older/liturgical name for the language is {{cop\|ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲭⲏⲙⲉ}} (''temetremkʰēme''), thus meaning "the speech of the Egyptian people". The morpheme -{{cop\|ⲣⲉⲙ}}- (''-rem-'') is the construct state of {{cop\|ⲣⲱⲙⲉ}} (''rōme'', "person, human"), which derives from Egyptian ''[[wikt:rmṯ\|rmṯ]]'' <small>ME.</small> {{IPA\|/ˈɾaːmaʔ/}} ("person, human").

	==Phonology==		==Phonology==

Castillerian: /* Other resources */

2021-03-09T22:11:20Z

Other resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:11, 9 March 2021
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	* [[:Category:Maryan_Coptic\|Contionary index]]		* [[:Category:Maryan_Coptic\|Contionary index]]
	* [[:Swadesh_list_for_Maryan_Coptic\|Swadesh list]]		* [[:Swadesh_list_for_Maryan_Coptic\|Swadesh list]]
	* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a2uG71L7e86tX1VSNC7Gngdr4mF6XWgs/view?usp=sharing Maryan Coptic – English Dictionary (Google Docs)] (''Updated ~~22 February~~ 2021'')		* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1a2uG71L7e86tX1VSNC7Gngdr4mF6XWgs/view?usp=sharing Maryan Coptic – English Dictionary (Google Docs)] (''Updated 09 March 2021'')
	* [https://conworkshop.com/view_language.php?l=MXM ConWorkShop page (inactive)]		* [https://conworkshop.com/view_language.php?l=MXM ConWorkShop page (inactive)]

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:13, 24 June 2023
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	===Adjectives===		===Adjectives===

	All adjectives are placed after the noun they modify and agree to nouns in terms of gender (masculine/feminine). Most feminine forms of adjectives end in either ''ei'' (ⲉ) or a long vowel.		All adjectives are placed after the noun they modify and agree to nouns in terms of gender (masculine/feminine). Most feminine forms of adjectives end in either ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) or a long vowel.

	Adjectives ending in a consonant ~~conjugate~~ to their feminine form by adding the feminine ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) suffix.		Adjectives ending in a consonant decline to their feminine form by adding the feminine ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) suffix. In adjectives descended from the qualitative case of class 5 verbs, ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) and the final consonant undergo metathesis.

	* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛ'''}} (open) > {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛⲉ'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛ'''}} (''wēn'', open) > {{cop\|'''ⳣⲏⲛⲉ'''}} (''wēne'')
	* {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫ'''}} (sweet) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫⲉ'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫ'''}} (''holc'', sweet) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲟⲗϫⲉ'''}} (''holce'')
	* {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲱⲛ~~'''}} (~~bad~~) > {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲟⲛⲉ~~'''}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲩⲓⲛ'''}} (''auin'', yellow) > {{cop\|'''ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲉ'''}} (''auine'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲗⲁϧⲉⲙ'''}} (''laḫem'') boiled) > {{cop\|'''ⲗⲁϧⲙⲉ'''}} (''laḫme'')
			* {{cop\|'''ϧⲟⲧⲉⲗ'''}} (''ḫotel'') various) > {{cop\|'''ϧⲟⲑⲗⲉ'''}} (''ḫotʰle'')

	Adjectives with a long vowel and ending in ''ei'' (ⲉ) are prone to replacing their long vowel with a short equivalent and a consonant, usually ''ro'' (ⲣ) and sometimes ''tau'' (ⲧ). The exact consonant is largely unpredictable without historical context.		Adjectives with a long vowel and ending in ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}) are prone to replacing their long vowel with a short equivalent and a consonant, usually ''ro'' ({{cop\|ⲣ}}) and sometimes ''tau'' ({{cop\|ⲧ}}). The exact consonant is largely unpredictable without historical context.

	* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲏⲧⲉ'''}} (central) > {{cop\|'''ⲙⲁⲑⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''mtr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈmøtɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲙⲏⲧⲉ'''}} (''mēte'', central) > {{cop\|'''ⲙⲁⲑⲣⲉ'''}} (''matʰre'') (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''mtr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈmøtɾə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ϩⲏⲕⲉ'''}} (hungry) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲁⲭⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''ḥqr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈħøqʼɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ϩⲏⲕⲉ'''}} (''hēke'', hungry) > {{cop\|'''ϩⲁⲭⲣⲉ'''}} (''hakʰre'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''ḥqr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈħøqʼɾə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ⲣⲱⲙⲉ'''}} (human) > {{cop\|'''ⲣⲟⲙⲧⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''rmṯ.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈɾamtə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲣⲱⲙⲉ'''}} (''rōme'', human) > {{cop\|'''ⲣⲟⲙⲧⲉ'''}} (''romte'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''rmṯ.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈɾamtə/}})
	* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲱϣⲉ'''}} (dark red) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲁϣⲣⲉ'''}} (from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''dšr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈtʼaʃɾə/}})		* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲱϣⲉ'''}} (''tōše'', dark red) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲁϣⲣⲉ'''}} (''tašre'', from pseudo-Late Egyptian ''dšr.t'' *{{IPA\|/ˈtʼaʃɾə/}})

			All Greek-derived adjectives have a masculine declension of {{cop\|-ⲟⲥ}} (''-os'') and a feminine declension of {{cop\|-ⲏ}} (''-ē'').

			* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲥ'''}} (''axios'', worthy) > {{cop\|'''ⲁⲝⲓⲏ'''}} (''axiē'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲟⲥ'''}} (''koinos'', common) > {{cop\|'''ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲏ'''}} (''koinē'')
			* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲟⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥ'''}} (''topikos'', local) > {{cop\|'''ⲧⲟⲡⲓⲕⲏ'''}} (''topikē'')

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:15, 15 June 2023
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	Maryan uses a [[w:Stress_(linguistics)#Lexical_stress\|lexical stress]] system. The primary stress is always found either on the [[w:Penult\|penult]] or the [[w:Ultima_(linguistics)\|ultima]], depending on the vowels present, and the secondary stress is always found at least two syllables before the primary stress, usually in conjugated verbs and compound nouns. However, borrowed loanwords tend to break this pattern, as Maryan Coptic attempts to preserve the stress from the loanword's source language. Fortunately, inherited loanwords are constructed specifically to fit Maryan's native stress system, making their stress patterns more predictable than direct borrowings.		Maryan uses a [[w:Stress_(linguistics)#Lexical_stress\|lexical stress]] system. The primary stress is always found either on the [[w:Penult\|penult]] or the [[w:Ultima_(linguistics)\|ultima]], depending on the vowels present, and the secondary stress is always found at least two syllables before the primary stress, usually in conjugated verbs and compound nouns. However, borrowed loanwords tend to break this pattern, as Maryan Coptic attempts to preserve the stress from the loanword's source language. Fortunately, inherited loanwords are constructed specifically to fit Maryan's native stress system, making their stress patterns more predictable than direct borrowings.

	Every vowel, aside from ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), are ~~called~~ 'strong vowels' and can indicate the primary stress of a word. ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) and ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}) are ~~classified as~~ 'short strong' vowels, and ''eta'' ({{cop\|ⲏ}}), ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), and ''ou'' ({{cop\|ⲱ}}) are ~~classified as~~ 'long strong' vowels. ''Ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), and sometimes ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), are ~~called~~ 'weak vowels' and are primarily unstressed if a strong vowel is present. In verb forms, the verb root is always given the primary stress.		Every vowel, aside from ''ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), are 'strong vowels' and can indicate the primary stress of a word. ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) and ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}) are 'short strong' vowels, and ''eta'' ({{cop\|ⲏ}}), ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), and ''ou'' ({{cop\|ⲱ}}) are 'long strong' vowels. ''Ei'' ({{cop\|ⲉ}}), and sometimes ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}), are 'weak vowels' and are primarily unstressed if a strong vowel is present. In verb forms, the verb root is always given the primary stress.

	* {{cop\|'''Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ'''}} (Egypt): {{IPA\|/ˈkʰeːmə/}}		* {{cop\|'''Ⲭⲏⲙⲉ'''}} (Egypt): {{IPA\|/ˈkʰeːmə/}}
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	* {{cop\|'''Ⲉⲥⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ'''}} (Esnofre [female-given name]): {{IPA\|/əsˈnɔfɾə/}}		* {{cop\|'''Ⲉⲥⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ'''}} (Esnofre [female-given name]): {{IPA\|/əsˈnɔfɾə/}}

	If multiple strong vowels are found in a word, usually from agglutination, ~~then~~ the final strong vowel or root word gets the primary stress, and any remaining long vowels are shortened. The main exception is if the final vowel is a strong ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}) and the penult vowel is either ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) or ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}). Other exceptions may occur in more formal registers of speech, leaving long vowels in unstressed positions.		If multiple strong vowels are found in a word, usually from agglutination, the final strong vowel or root word gets the primary stress, and any remaining long vowels are shortened. The main exception is if the final vowel is a strong ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}) and the penult vowel is either ''alpha'' ({{cop\|ⲁ}}) or ''o'' ({{cop\|ⲟ}}). Other exceptions may occur in more formal registers of speech, leaving long vowels in unstressed positions.

	* {{cop\|'''ϯⲙⲁ'''}} (to allow): {{IPA\|/~~ˌtiˈmaʔ~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϯⲙⲁ'''}} (to allow): {{IPA\|/tiːˈmaʔ/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲁⲓⲩ'''}} (seas): {{IPA\|/~~aˈmajju~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲙⲁⲓⲩ'''}} (seas): {{IPA\|/aˈmajjuː/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ϫⲱⲣⲁⲥⲡⲉ'''}} (linguistics): ~~''colloquial'' {{IPA\|/t͡ʃoˈɾaspə/}}, ''formal''~~ {{IPA\|/~~t͡ʃoːˈɾaspə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϫⲱⲣⲁⲥⲡⲉ'''}} (linguistics): {{IPA\|/t͡ʃoːɾˈaspə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲏϩⲓⲙⲉ'''}} (that woman): ~~''colloquial'' {{IPA\|/teˈhiːmə/}}, ''formal''~~ {{IPA\|/teːˈhiːmə/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲧⲏϩⲓⲙⲉ'''}} (that woman): {{IPA\|/teːˈhiːmə/}}

	If a short strong vowel is found on the penult and the ultima contains one onset consonant, then ~~that consonant is duplicated and~~ acts as ~~the~~ coda for the stressed syllable.		If a short strong vowel is found on the penult and the ultima contains one onset consonant, then a glottal stop acts as a coda for the stressed syllable. If the stressed syllable's coda is a ''iota'' ({{cop\|ⲓ}}) or ''u'' ({{cop\|ⲩ}}), then the consonant is geminated.

	* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁϫⲉ'''}} (to speak): {{IPA\|/~~ˈsat̚t͡ʃə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲥⲁϫⲉ'''}} (to speak): {{IPA\|/ˈsaʔt͡ʃə/}}
			* {{cop\|'''ⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉ'''}} (morning): {{IPA\|/aˈtɔwwə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲟⲓⲉ'''}} (farmer): {{IPA\|/ˈwɔjjə/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⳣⲟⲓⲉ'''}} (farmer): {{IPA\|/ˈwɔjjə/}}
	* {{cop\|'''~~ⲃⲟⲛⲉ~~'''}} (~~bad [feminine]~~): {{IPA\|/~~ˈβɔnnə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ⲟⲛⲉⲛ'''}} (chin): {{IPA\|/ˈɔʔnən/}}
	* {{cop\|'''ϣⲁⲣⲉ'''}} (to hit): {{IPA\|/~~ˈʃarrə~~/}}		* {{cop\|'''ϣⲁⲣⲉ'''}} (to hit): {{IPA\|/ˈʃaʔɾə/}}

	====Intonation====		====Intonation====