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Orthography: display alphabet

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	===Orthography===		===Orthography===
	Japhethite is written with the Syriac ~~alphabet~~, ~~which proceeds~~ RTL. Vowels are typically omitted, able to be inferred from context. When written, they are small ligatures above or below the consonants. Fully six letters are ''mater lectionis'', which means it can be hard to tell whether they are indicating long vowels/diphthongs, or whether they are consonants. They are		<center>
	# i=Y		{\| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; text-align: center; border-collapse:collapse;"
	# u=E		! colspan="23" \| Letters of the Japhethite abjad
	# e=H		\|-
	# o=Ħ~X		\| ø~ā \|\| b \|\| g \|\| d \|\| h~ē \|\| w~ū \|\| ʃ~ʒ \|\| χ~ʁ~ō \|\| t \|\| j~ī \|\| k \|\| l \|\| m \|\| n \|\| s~z \|\| ŋ \|\| p \|\| ɸ~β \|\| t͡ʃ \|\| q \|\| ɾ~r̅ \|\| ɬ \|\| θ̼
	# r=R		\|-
	# a=ʔ		\| ܐ \|\| ܒ \|\| ܓ \|\| ܕ \|\| ܗ \|\| ܘ \|\| ܙ \|\| ܚ \|\| ܛ \|\| ܝ \|\| ܟ \|\| ܠ \|\| ܡ \|\| ܢ \|\| ܣ \|\| ܥ \|\| ܦ \|\| ܧ \|\| ܨ \|\| ܩ \|\| ܪ \|\| ܫ \|\| ܬ
			\|-
			\| ālef \|\| beþ \|\| gamal \|\| dalaþ \|\| heh \|\| waw \|\| šayn \|\| xeþ \|\| teþ \|\| yod \|\| kaf \|\| lamad \|\| mīm \|\| nun \|\| semkat \|\| ŋeŋ \|\| peh \|\| fr̅ \|\| čade \|\| qōf \|\| reł \|\| łin \|\| þā
			\|}
			</center>
			Japhethite is written with 23 letters of the Syriac abjad, RTL. Vowels are typically omitted, able to be inferred from context. When written, they are small ligatures above or below the consonants. Fully six letters are ''mater lectionis'', which means it can be hard to tell whether they are indicating long vowels/diphthongs, or whether they are consonants. They are
			# i=Y, e.g. MYM = mīm
			# u=W, e.g. NWN = nūn
			# e=H, e.g. PH = pē
			# o=Ħ~X, e.g. QXF = qōf
			# r=R, e.g. FR = fr̅
			# a=ʔ, e.g. ÞA = þā

	===Consonants===		===Consonants===
	{\| class="bluetable"		{\| class="bluetable"

Aquatiki: gotta pause and get to work

2024-01-22T20:43:32Z

gotta pause and get to work

New page

==Introduction==
Japhethite is a Semitic-inspired, a priori, tri-consonantal, polysynthethic, deeply theological language. As always, I straddle the borderline between artlang, auxlang, and engelang. It's an artlang because it must be beautiful, interesting, and compelling. It's an auxlang because it is regular, learnable, and aimed at everyone. It's an engelange because it has a meta-linguistic axe to grind: you can learn more about theology by trying to put your thoughts about this language. It can be itself only at the center of all of these: the goal is to be interesting and compelling to the author.

==Phonology==
The sounds of Japhethite are almost typical, but with interesting additions. The velar-nasal (ŋ) can be initial. There is a lateral fricative (ɬ), like Welsh. The consonantal-R is a tap (ɾ), as in Japanese. Also, the F-type sound is only made with the lips – never the teeth.


===Orthography===
Japhethite is written with the Syriac alphabet, which proceeds RTL. Vowels are typically omitted, able to be inferred from context. When written, they are small ligatures above or below the consonants. Fully six letters are ''mater lectionis'', which means it can be hard to tell whether they are indicating long vowels/diphthongs, or whether they are consonants. They are
# i=Y
# u=E
# e=H
# o=Ħ~X
# r=R
# a=ʔ
===Consonants===
{| class="bluetable"
|+ Consonants
! !! Labial !! Alveolar !! PA/Dorsal !! Uvular !! Glottal
|-
! Nasals
| '''M''' /{{IPA|m}} ܡ / || '''N''' /{{IPA|n}}/ ܢ
|colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | '''Ŋ''' /{{IPA|ŋ~ɴ}}/ ܥ ||
|-
! Stops
| '''P''' /{{IPA|p}}/ ܦ '''B''' /{{IPA|b}} ܒ / || '''T''' /{{IPA|t}}/ ܛ '''D''' {{IPA|d}} ܖ || '''K''' /{{IPA|k}}/ ܟ '''G''' /{{IPA|g}}/ ܓ || '''Q''' /{{IPA|q}}/ ܩ || ' (ʔ) ܐ
|-
! Fricatives
| '''F~V''' /{{IPA|ɸ~β}}/ ܧ || '''S~Z''' /{{IPA|s~z}}/ ܣ || '''Š~Ž''' /{{IPA|ʃ~ʒ}}/ ܙ || '''X~Ħ''' /{{IPA|χ~ʁ}}/ ܚ ||
|-
! More Fricative
| '''þ''' /{{IPA|θ̼}}/ ܬ || '''Ł''' /{{IPA|ɬ}}/ ܫ || '''Č''' /{{IPA|t͡ʃ}}/ ܨ || || '''H''' /{{IPA|h}}/ ܗ
|-
! Rhotic
| || '''R''' /{{IPA|ɾ}}/ ݍ || ||
|-
! Liquids
| '''W''' /{{IPA|w}}/ ܘ || '''L''' /{{IPA|l}}/ ܠ || '''Y''' /{{IPA|j}}/ ܝ || ||
|}

===Vowels===
The diphthongs are ey, ai, ow, aw plus all long vowels.
{| class="bluetable"
|+ Vowels
! !! Front !! Mid !! Back
|-
! High
| '''i''' ܐܺ or ܐܻ || || '''u''' ܐܽ or ܐܾ
|-
! Mid
| '''e''' ܐܶ or ܐܷ || '''r''' ܐ݅ or ܐ݆ || '''o''' ܐܳorܐܴ
|-
! Low
| || '''a''' ܐܰorܐܱ ||
|}
===Prosody===
====Stress====
Stress comes on the third-to-last mora, which is also the third-to-last letter in the writing system.

===Phonotactics===
Syllables are either V, VC, CVC, or CVVC. Vowels or consonants can be geminated, which is written in the orthography.

===Morphophonology===
* The following letters reject gemination: R, X, H, L, N, and Ŋ – the so-called Gutturals. ʔ isn't really any sound, so geminating it actually just makes the vowel long (which looks strange because the ''mater'' suddenly shows up).

==== Triconsonantal Roots ====
Nearly every single word is derived from a three-consonant root, such as ČGM, or WPT. Some words look like they come from something smaller, but are actually from roots where the second consonant is repeated in the third, such as DFF or þQQ. These are called geminate roots. Another common occurrence is when the middle letter is a ''mater'', meaning it can turn into a vowel, and make a much smaller word. These are called Hollow Roots. When one of the three root-consonants is a guttural, we call it a Weak Verb. If there are two, we call it a Doubly Weak Verb.

==Morphology==
The parts of speech in Japhethite basically break down into just nouns, verbs, and postpositions. Adjectives are verbs and adverbs are verbs, so there's not much left.
=== Nouns ===
Nouns comes in seven "genders" (or classes)
# '''Eternal''': these are all (attributes of) God
# '''Formal''': these are the Forms as they existed embodied before the Fall
# '''Natural''': these are all here and now, after the Fall, maybe sinful, maybe not
## '''People''' - man, woman, spiritual beings
## '''Animals''' - domestic animals, occupations, highly-complex tools, faces, hands, families, cities
## '''Beasts''' - non-domestic animals, moving things (water, fire), medium tools, body part*
## '''Seeds''' - technically alive, inert tools, homes, regions/places,
## '''Rocks''' - not alive, verbal nouns, mass nouns
, three numbers,
# '''Singulative''' - takes the place of definiteness, "THE ONE"
# '''Paucal''' - a few, some, a couple
# '''Collective''' - unmarked, quasi-plural
and three cases.
# '''Nominative''' - doubles as vocative. Unmarked
# '''Accusative''' - (i)Y-ending
# '''Oblique''' - dative, genitive, ablative - (u)W-ending

{| class="bluetable"
! !! Eternal !! Form !! Person !! Animal !! Beast !! Seed !! Rock
|-
! S
| rowspan="3" | Šá12a3
| ʔo12ŕ3iM
| QeÞ1e2ú3oR
| 1iČ2o3oR
| Sa12ú3eS
| 1ŕ22o3
| rowspan="3" | 1éM2i3
|-
! P

| rowspan="2" | ʔó12r3
| QeÞ1e2ú3iŊ
| 1i2ČóŊr3
| Sa12ú3eŁ
| rowspan="2" | 1á22i3
|-
! C


| Qé12u3
| 1íČ2r3
| Sá12a3


|}

==== Pronouns ====
# first exclusive
# first inclusive
# second
# third in the seven genders
# fourth





==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===


==Example texts==

==Other resources==
Small lexicon
*




[[Category:Japhethite]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Japhethite - Revision history

Aquatiki: /* Other resources */ template for category

Aquatiki: /* Orthography */ display alphabet

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