Gollic - Revision history

Nehster9 at 18:49, 5 July 2026

2026-07-05T18:49:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 5 July 2026
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	\|ancestor2 = [[Middle Gollic]]		\|ancestor2 = [[Middle Gollic]]
	\|stand1 =		\|stand1 =
	\|dia1 =		\|dia1 = Caucian Gollic
	\|script = Latn		\|script = Latn
	\|nation = Gollia		\|nation = Gollia, Lée Castiyée
	\|region = Trihimania		\|region = Trihimania, Cauce
	\|minority =		\|minority =
	\|agency = ~~Gollic Academy~~		\|agency =
	\|map =		\|map =
	\|mapsize = 280px		\|mapsize = 280px
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	-->		-->
	===Nouns===		===Nouns===
	Gollic nouns can be masculine or feminine. The gender of nouns is generally not predictable based on form, and instead is indicated with article and (sometimes) adjective agreement. For nouns regarding the living, their grammatical gender generally corresponds to the ~~referrent~~. For example, a male teacher is ''le lous'', while a female teacher is ''lée lous''.		Gollic nouns can be masculine or feminine. The gender of nouns is generally not predictable based on form, and instead is indicated with article and (sometimes) adjective agreement. For nouns regarding the living, their grammatical gender generally corresponds to the referent. For example, a male teacher is ''le lous'', while a female teacher is ''lée lous''.

	Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|pasˈte}}/).		Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|pasˈte}}/).
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	===Dependent clauses===		===Dependent clauses===
	<!-- etc. etc. -->		<!-- etc. etc. -->
			==Dialects==
			Gollic is split into two major dialects: Rhodesian Gollic, spoken in Gollia, and Caucian Gollic, spoken in Cauce.
			===Caucian Gollic===
			Caucian Gollic is spoken in two countries on the continent of Cauce: Lée Castiyée, and Bordune. It exhibits several features that distinguish it from Rhodesian Gollic:
			* Non-rhoticity: Caucian Gollic is generally non-rhotic. The rhotic consonant /ʁ/, normally pronounced after vowels, is instead dropped, and the preceding vowel lengthened. For example, while the word ''viér'' is pronounced [vjeʁ] in Rhodesian Gollic, it is pronounced [vjeː] in Caucian Gollic.
			** When before vowels, /ʁ/ becomes [h]. When after a plosive, it aspirates the preceding sound. For example, ''êtreud'' is pronounced [εˈtʁø] in Rhodesian but [εˈtʰø] in Caucian.
			** /ʁ/ is preserved after non-stops, and as the coda after another consonant. For example, ''cœudre'' is pronounced [sødʁ] in both Rhodesian and Caucian.
			* De-nasalization: Caucian Gollic restored historical nasal consonants after vowels in spoken speech. Some speakers furthermore denasalize the preceding vowel. For example, ''chiend'' is pronounced [ʃjɑ̃] in Rhodesian Gollic but [ʃjɑ̃n ~ ʃjɑn] in Caucian.
			* Collapse of [ɥ]: Sequences involving [ɥV] are collapsed into [Vː] in Caucian Gollic. For example, ''feuis'' is pronounced [fɥi] in Rhodesian Gollic and [fiː] in Caucian.
	==Example texts==		==Example texts==
	<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->		<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

Nehster9 at 02:55, 4 July 2026

2026-07-04T02:55:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:55, 4 July 2026
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	\| [[w:Open back unrounded vowel\|ɑ̃]]		\| [[w:Open back unrounded vowel\|ɑ̃]]
	\|}		\|}
	===~~Prosody~~===		===Stress===
	~~====Stress====~~		Lexical stress in Gollic typically falls on the penultimate or final syllable of a word. Certain rules that fix stress on one of the two are as follows:
	~~====Intonation====~~		* A syllable with <é> is generally stressed
	~~===Phonotactics===~~		* All verbs have final stress in all forms
	<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->		<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
	===Morphophonology===		===Morphophonology===
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	Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|pasˈte}}/).		Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|pasˈte}}/).
	===Verbs===		===Verbs===
	Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite ~~moods~~. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood\|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood\|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood\|imperative]]. The non-finite ~~moods~~ are the [[w:infinitive\|infinitive]] and [[w:participle\|participles]].		Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite forms. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood\|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood\|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood\|imperative]]. The non-finite forms are the [[w:infinitive\|infinitive]] and [[w:participle\|participles]].

	In a number of verbs, such as ''pesaine'', the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, ''poisé'' instead of *''pesé'')		In a number of verbs, such as ''pesaine'', the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, ''poisé'' instead of *''pesé'')

Nehster9: /* Subjunctive mood */

2026-07-03T19:57:10Z

Subjunctive mood

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:57, 3 July 2026
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	\| pes'''e'''		\| pes'''e'''
	\|}		\|}
	====~~Subjunctive~~ mood====		====Imperative mood====
	The ~~subjunctive~~ mood is used to denote a command. The imperative does not take tense, and is only used with you, we, and plural you.		The imperative mood is used to denote a command. The imperative does not take tense, and is only used with you, we, and plural you.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Imperative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat')		\|+ Imperative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat')
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	\| —		\| —
	\|}		\|}

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==
	===Constituent order===		===Constituent order===

Nehster9 at 19:56, 3 July 2026

2026-07-03T19:56:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:56, 3 July 2026
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	\|notice = IPA		\|notice = IPA
	}}		}}
	'''Gollic''' ([[w:Endonym\|endonym]]: ''feuis jaulic'' [[IPA for Gollic\|[fɥi ʒɔˈli]]]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic.		'''Gollic''' ([[w:Endonym\|endonym]]: ''feuis jaulic'' [[IPA for Gollic\|[fɥi ʒɔˈli]]]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic. Gollic is inspired aesthetically by [[w:French language\|French]].
	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
	<!-- *Phonology* -->		<!-- *Phonology* -->
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	\| Pp \|\| ''pe'' {{IPA\|[ˈpə]}} \|\|=		\| Pp \|\| ''pe'' {{IPA\|[ˈpə]}} \|\|=
	\|-		\|-
	\| Qq \|\| ''~~qué~~'' {{IPA\|[~~ˈke~~]}} \|\|		\| Qq \|\| ''que'' {{IPA\|[ˈkə]}} \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| Rr \|\| ''er'' {{IPA\|[ˈʁə]}} \|\|		\| Rr \|\| ''er'' {{IPA\|[ˈʁə]}} \|\|
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	-->		-->
	===Nouns===		===Nouns===
			Gollic nouns can be masculine or feminine. The gender of nouns is generally not predictable based on form, and instead is indicated with article and (sometimes) adjective agreement. For nouns regarding the living, their grammatical gender generally corresponds to the referrent. For example, a male teacher is ''le lous'', while a female teacher is ''lée lous''.

			Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA\|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA\|pasˈte}}/).
	===Verbs===		===Verbs===
	Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite moods. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood\|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood\|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood\|imperative]]. The non-finite moods are the [[w:infinitive\|infinitive]] and [[w:participle\|participles]].		Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite moods. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood\|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood\|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood\|imperative]]. The non-finite moods are the [[w:infinitive\|infinitive]] and [[w:participle\|participles]].

Nehster9: Created page with "{{Infobox language |image = |imagesize = 185px |imagecaption = Flag of Gollia |name = Gollic |nativename = feuis jaulic |pronunciation = fɥi ʒɔˈli |pronunciation_key = IPA for Gollic |setting = Gollia |ethnicity = Golls |speakers = 49.4 million |date = 2100 |created = 2024 |familycolor = Trihimic |fam2 = Gollic languages |creator = User..."

2026-07-03T18:33:10Z

Created page with "{{Infobox language |image = |imagesize = 185px |imagecaption = Flag of Gollia |name = Gollic |nativename = feuis jaulic |pronunciation = fɥi ʒɔˈli |pronunciation_key = IPA for Gollic |setting = Gollia |ethnicity = Golls |speakers = 49.4 million |date = 2100 |created = 2024 |familycolor = Trihimic |fam2 = Gollic languages |creator = User..."

New page

{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize = 185px
|imagecaption = Flag of Gollia
|name = Gollic
|nativename = feuis jaulic
|pronunciation = fɥi ʒɔˈli
|pronunciation_key = IPA for Gollic
|setting = Gollia
|ethnicity = Golls
|speakers = 49.4 million
|date = 2100
|created = 2024
|familycolor = Trihimic
|fam2 = [[Gollic languages]]
|creator = User:Nehster9
|ancestor = [[Proto-Trihimic]]
|ancestor1 = [[Old Gollic]]
|ancestor2 = [[Middle Gollic]]
|stand1 =
|dia1 =
|script = Latn
|nation = Gollia
|region = Trihimania
|minority =
|agency = Gollic Academy
|map =
|mapsize = 280px
|mapcaption =
|notice = IPA
}}
'''Gollic''' ([[w:Endonym|endonym]]: ''feuis jaulic'' [[IPA for Gollic|[fɥi ʒɔˈli]]]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic.
==Phonology==



===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ Consonant phonemes
|-
! colspan=2 |
! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br/>[[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]]<br/>/[[w:Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]]
! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]
! [[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]

|-
! colspan=2 | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
| [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
| [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]]
|
|

|-
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Plosive|Plosive]]
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]]
| [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]]
|
| [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]]
|
|-
! {{small|[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
| [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]]
| [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]]
|
| [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]]
|

|-
! rowspan=2 | [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]]
| [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]]
| [[w:Voiceless palatal fricative|ʃ]]
|
| rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]]
|-
! {{small|[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]]
| [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]
| [[w:Voiced palatal fricative|ʒ]]
|

|-
! rowspan=3 | [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
! {{small|plain}}
|
|
|
| [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
|
|-
! {{small|labial}}
|
|
| [[w:Voiced labial-palatal approximant|ɥ]]
| [[w:Voiced labial-velar approximant|w]]
|
|-
! {{small|lateral}}
|
| [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
|
|
|
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ Oral vowels
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]]
! rowspan="2" | [[w:Central vowel|Central]]
! rowspan="2" | [[w:Back vowel|Back]]

|-
! {{small|[[w:Roundedness|Unrounded]]}}
! {{small|[[w:Roundedness|Rounded]]}}

|-
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]]
| [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]]
| [[w:Close front rounded vowel|y]]
|
| [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]]

|-
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]]
| [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]]
| [[w:Close-mid front rounded vowel|ø]]
| rowspan="2" | [[w:Mid central vowel|ə]]
| [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]]

|-
! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
| [[w:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ε]]
|
| [[w:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]]

|-
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]]
| [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]
|
|
| [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]]
|}
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+ Nasal vowels
!
! [[w:Front vowel|Front]]
! [[w:Back vowel|Back]]

|-
! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]]
| [[w:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ̃]]
| [[w:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ̃]]

|-
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]]
|
| [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ̃]]
|}
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Intonation====
===Phonotactics===

===Morphophonology===
==Orthography==
Modern Gollic spelling largely represents Gollic as it was pronounced in the 13th century. As a result, final <e> and unpronounced consonants are often preserved in writing.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Letter !! Name !! Diacritics and ligatures
|-
| Aa || ''a'' {{IPA|[ˈa]}} || Ââ
|-
| Bb || ''be'' {{IPA|[ˈbə]}} ||
|-
| Cc || ''ce'' {{IPA|[ˈsə]}} || Çç
|-
| Dd || ''de'' {{IPA|[ˈdə]}} ||
|-
| Ee || ''e'' {{IPA|[ˈε]}} || Éé, Êê
|-
| Ff || ''ef'' {{IPA|[ˈfə]}} ||
|-
| Gg || ''ge'' {{IPA|[ˈʒə]}} ||
|-
| Hh || ''he'' {{IPA|[ˈə]}} ||
|-
| Ii || ''i'' {{IPA|[ˈi]}} || Îî
|-
| Jj || ''je'' {{IPA|[ˈʒə]}} ||
|-
| Ll || ''el'' {{IPA|[ˈlə]}} ||
|-
| Nn || ''en'' {{IPA|[ˈnə]}} ||
|-
| Mm || ''em'' {{IPA|[ˈmə]}} ||
|-
| Oo || ''o'' {{IPA|[ˈo]}} || Ôô, Œœ
|-
| Pp || ''pe'' {{IPA|[ˈpə]}} ||=
|-
| Qq || ''qué'' {{IPA|[ˈke]}} ||
|-
| Rr || ''er'' {{IPA|[ˈʁə]}} ||
|-
| Ss || ''es'' {{IPA|[ˈsə]}} ||
|-
| Tt || ''te'' {{IPA|[ˈtə]}} ||
|-
| Uu || ''u'' {{IPA|[ˈy]}} || Ûû
|-
| Vv || ''ve'' {{IPA|[ˈvə]}} ||
|-
| Yy || ''y'' {{IPA|[ˈi]}} ||
|-
| Zz || ''ze'' {{IPA|[ˈzə]}} ||
|}
==Grammar==



===Nouns===
===Verbs===
Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite moods. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood|imperative]]. The non-finite moods are the [[w:infinitive|infinitive]] and [[w:participle|participles]].

In a number of verbs, such as ''pesaine'', the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, ''poisé'' instead of *''pesé'')
====Indicative mood====
The indicative mood is used to denote a factual statement. Four tenses are used in the indicative: [[w:present tense|present]], [[w:imperfect tense|imperfect]], [[w:past tense|past]], and [[w:future tense|future]].
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Indicative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat')
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:#cfcfcf;" |
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Plural
|-
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
|-
!
! vie
! tife
! vois/liv/ceu
! vié
! tifée
! voise
|-
! Present
| pois'''é'''
| pois'''ét'''
| pois'''uis'''
| pes'''ié'''
| pes'''ée'''
| pes'''uise'''
|-
! Imperfect
| pes'''ois'''
| pes'''is'''
| pois'''ent'''
| pes'''oise'''
| pes'''ise'''
| pes'''ente'''
|-
! Past
| pois'''ir'''
| pois'''ind'''
| pois'''it'''
| pes'''ire'''
| pes'''ind'''
| pes'''ié'''
|-
! Future
| pes'''an'''
| pes'''and'''
| pes'''ant'''
| pes'''ance'''
| pes'''andé'''
| pes'''ante'''
|}
====Subjunctive mood====
The subjunctive mood is used to denote a hypothetical statement. Only two tenses are used in the subjunctive: present and imperfect.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Subjunctive forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat')
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:#cfcfcf;" |
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Plural
|-
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
|-
!
! vie
! tife
! vois/liv/ceu
! vié
! tifée
! voise
|-
! Present
| pois'''uit'''
| pois'''ans'''
| pois'''oix'''
| pes'''ue'''
| pes'''anse'''
| pes'''oie'''
|-
! Imperfect
| pes'''et'''
| pois'''ou'''
| pê'''t'''
| pes'''ue'''
| pes'''ue'''
| pes'''e'''
|}
====Subjunctive mood====
The subjunctive mood is used to denote a command. The imperative does not take tense, and is only used with you, we, and plural you.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Imperative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat')
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:#cfcfcf;" |
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="background:#cfcfcf;" | Plural
|-
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 1st
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 2nd
! style="background:#cfcfcf;" | 3rd
|-
!
! —
! tife
! —
! vié
! tifée
! —
|-
! Affirmative
| —
| poi'''s'''
| —
| pes'''ue'''
| pes'''se'''
| —
|-
! Negative
| —
| ne poi'''s'''
| —
| ne pes'''ue'''
| ne pes'''se'''
| —
|}
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===


==Example texts==

==Other resources==




[[Category:Gollic language]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:A priori]]