Bźatga/History - Revision history

Psammead: /* Verbal Inflection */

2021-04-17T16:07:08Z

Verbal Inflection

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:07, 17 April 2021
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	====Verbal Inflection====		====Verbal Inflection====
	~~Medieval~~ verb ~~inflection is marked by~~ some simplification of the verbal paradigm and, in particular, the reduction of anomalous forms. Weak verbs ending in 1sg pres. ind. ''-ue'' are merged into a single category, following ''caruemi'' and deponent verbs are mainly taken into the ''-ue'' category. The use of pronominal endings becomes increasingly mandatory in non-3rd person forms.		Syncope initially resulted in a complex verbal system akin to Old Irish, in which verbs with unstressed prefixes such as ''ca-, var-, ab-'' had two different forms: a primary form, used when the verb stood alone (e.g. ''cabére'' "he takes", ''vagánde'' "he plays") and a secondary form used when another prefix was added (e.g. ''nacábre'' "he does not take", ''ravágnade'' "he might play"). Quite quickly, however, the situation was levelled so that the primary form was used throughout but with a shift of stress to the original prefix (e.g. ''nacábere'', ''ravágande'').

			There was also some simplification of the verbal paradigm and, in particular, the reduction of anomalous forms. Weak verbs ending in 1sg pres. ind. ''-ue'' are merged into a single category, following ''caruemi'' and deponent verbs are mainly taken into the ''-ue'' category. The use of pronominal endings becomes increasingly mandatory in non-3rd person forms.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Psammead: /* Old Bźatga (8th to 12th centuries) */

2021-04-17T15:25:22Z

Old Bźatga (8th to 12th centuries)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:25, 17 April 2021
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	** semi-vowel ''j'' merges with adjacent consonant		** semi-vowel ''j'' merges with adjacent consonant
	** ''tj, kj > ć; dj, gj > ģ; s > ś; z > ź; l > ĺ; n > ń; r > ŕ''		** ''tj, kj > ć; dj, gj > ģ; s > ś; z > ź; l > ĺ; n > ń; r > ŕ''
			** also affects ''jr, jn, jl < gC; jt, js < xC''
	** does not affect bilabials ''p, b, m''		** does not affect bilabials ''p, b, m''
	** ''βj'' remains word-initially but becomes ''j'' medially.		** ''βj'' remains word-initially but becomes ''j'' medially.
	** note that iotisation continues to work as a productive sound change.		** note that iotisation continues to work as a productive sound change.
	* '''Merger of semivowels		* '''Merger of semivowels'''
	** sequences ''ij'', ''ji'', ''uβ'', ''βu'' merge into a single vowel ''i'' or ''u''		** sequences ''ij'', ''ji'', ''uβ'', ''βu'' merge into a single vowel ''i'' or ''u''
	** ''i''V > ''j''V, causing iotisation to the preceding consonant		** ''i''V > ''j''V, causing iotisation to the preceding consonant

Psammead: /* Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries) */

2021-04-01T15:51:58Z

Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 1 April 2021
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	===Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries)===		===Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries)===
	Defined as the period after Bźatga split from Common Brittonic, before it was written.		Defined as the period after Bźatga split from Common Brittonic, before it was written.
			* '''Geminate stops and ''ss'' simplified
			** ''dd > d, bb > b, gg > g, tt > t, kk > c''.
	* '''Compensatory Lengthening of vowels before ''n''C'''		* '''Compensatory Lengthening of vowels before ''n''C'''
	** ''a > ā; e > ɛː; i > eː; o > ɔː; u > oː''		** ''a > ā; e > ɛː; i > eː; o > ɔː; u > oː''
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	** ''ɛː > ea > ia''		** ''ɛː > ea > ia''
	** ''eː > ie''		** ''eː > ie''
	** ''ɔː > oa > ua''		** ''ɔː > oa > ua'' word-initially
	** ''oː > uo''		** ''oː > uo'' word-initially
	* '''Vocalisation of ''ɣ'''''		* '''Vocalisation of ''ɣ'''''
	** Intervocalic ''ɣ'' > ''w'' after ''o(ː), ɔː, u(ː)''		** Intervocalic ''ɣ'' > ''w'' after ''o(ː), ɔː, u(ː)''

Psammead: /* Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries) */

2021-03-31T10:37:13Z

Proto-Bźatga (1st to 8th Centuries)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:37, 31 March 2021
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	* '''Compensatory Lengthening of vowels before ''n''C'''		* '''Compensatory Lengthening of vowels before ''n''C'''
	** ''a > ā; e > ɛː; i > eː; o > ɔː; u > oː''		** ''a > ā; e > ɛː; i > eː; o > ɔː; u > oː''
	* '''Diphthonisation before ~~CC or C + non-high vowel~~'''		* '''Diphthonisation in stressed syllables, except before ''Cj'''''
	** ''ɛː > ea > ia''		** ''ɛː > ea > ia''
	** ''eː > ie''		** ''eː > ie''

Psammead: /* Old Bźatga (8th to 12th centuries) */

2021-03-31T08:23:11Z

Old Bźatga (8th to 12th centuries)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:23, 31 March 2021
Line 269:		Line 269:
	** sequences ''ij'', ''ji'', ''uβ'', ''βu'' merge into a single vowel ''i'' or ''u''		** sequences ''ij'', ''ji'', ''uβ'', ''βu'' merge into a single vowel ''i'' or ''u''
	** ''i''V > ''j''V, causing iotisation to the preceding consonant		** ''i''V > ''j''V, causing iotisation to the preceding consonant
			*** Where the ''i'' represents the word stem, it remains, e.g. ''ría > źia''
			*** The sequence ''iu'' becomes ''ju'', e.g. ''liua > ĺua''
	** ''oβi'' > ''oi''		** ''oβi'' > ''oi''

Psammead: /* Verbal Inflection */

2021-03-22T20:53:08Z

Verbal Inflection

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:53, 22 March 2021
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	\|-		\|-
	\| Pres. Ind. \|\| ''caraue'' <br> ''caraie'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''caraua'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''carat'' \|\| ''baziue'' <br> ''bazíe'' <br> ''bazide'' <br> ''baziua'' <br> ''bazide'' <br> ''bazit'' \|\| ''caberu'' <br> ''cabíe'' <br> ''cabere'' <br> ''caberoua'' <br> ''caberede'' <br> ''caberot'' \|\| ''sebur'' <br> ''sebedar'' <br> ''sebedra'' <br> ''sebouar'' <br> ''sebeder'' <br> ''sebotra'' \|\| - <br> - <br> ''caradar'' <br> - <br> - <br> ''caratar''		\| Pres. Ind. \|\| ''caraue'' <br> ''caraie'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''caraua'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''carat'' \|\| ''baziue'' <br> ''bazíe'' <br> ''bazide'' <br> ''baziua'' <br> ''bazide'' <br> ''bazit'' \|\| ''caberu'' <br> ''cabíe'' <br> ''cabere'' <br> ''caberoua'' <br> ''caberede'' <br> ''caberot'' \|\| ''sebur'' <br> ''sebedar'' <br> ''sebedra'' <br> ''sebouar'' <br> ''sebeder'' <br> ''sebotra'' \|\| - <br> - <br> ''caradar'' <br> - <br> - <br> ''caratar''
			\|-
			\| Impf. Ind. \|\| ''caranne'' <br> ''carada'' <br> ''carada'' <br> ''carammis'' <br> ''caraui'' <br> ''carates'' \|\| ''bazinne'' <br> ''bazida'' <br> ''bazida'' <br> ''bazimmis'' <br> ''baziui'' <br> ''bazites'' \|\| ''caberenne'' <br> ''caberida'' <br> ''cabereda'' <br> ''caberemmes'' <br> ''cabereui'' <br> ''caberetes'' \|\| ''sebinne'' <br> ''sebida'' <br> ''sebida'' <br> ''sebimmis'' <br> ''sebiui'' <br> ''sebites'' \|\| - <br> - <br> ''carade'' <br> - <br> - <br> ''caratis''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Pret. Ind. \|\| ''carasu'' <br> ''carase'' <br> ''carase'' <br> ''carasoua'' <br> ''carasede'' <br> ''carasot'' \|\| ''bazisu'' <br> ''bazise'' <br> ''bazise'' <br> ''bazisoua'' <br> ''bazisede'' <br> ''bazisot'' \|\| ''cabretu'' <br> ''cabrete'' <br> ''cabrete'' <br> ''cabretoue'' <br> ''cabretede'' <br> ''cabretot'' \|\| ''sebesur'' <br> ''sebesar'' <br> ''sebestra'' <br> ''sebemar'' <br> ''sebeser'' <br> ''sebestra'' \|\|		\| Pret. Ind. \|\| ''carasu'' <br> ''carase'' <br> ''carase'' <br> ''carasoua'' <br> ''carasede'' <br> ''carasot'' \|\| ''bazisu'' <br> ''bazise'' <br> ''bazise'' <br> ''bazisoua'' <br> ''bazisede'' <br> ''bazisot'' \|\| ''cabretu'' <br> ''cabrete'' <br> ''cabrete'' <br> ''cabretoue'' <br> ''cabretede'' <br> ''cabretot'' \|\| ''sebesur'' <br> ''sebesar'' <br> ''sebestra'' <br> ''sebemar'' <br> ''sebeser'' <br> ''sebestra'' \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| Pres. Subj. \|\| ''cara'' <br> ''cara'' <br> ''cara'' <br> ''caraua'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''carat'' \|\| ''bazia'' <br> ''bazia'' <br> ''bazia'' <br> ''baziaua'' <br> ''baziade'' <br> ''baziat'' \|\| ''caberra'' <br> ''caberra'' <br> ''caberra'' <br> ''caberraua'' <br> ''caberrade'' <br> ''caberrat'' \|\| ''sesiur'' <br> ''sesietar'' <br> ''sesiedra'' <br> ''sesioura'' <br> ''sesieder'' <br> ''sesiotra'' \|\|		\| Pres. Subj. \|\| ''cara'' <br> ''cara'' <br> ''cara'' <br> ''caraua'' <br> ''carade'' <br> ''carat'' \|\| ''bazia'' <br> ''bazia'' <br> ''bazia'' <br> ''baziaua'' <br> ''baziade'' <br> ''baziat'' \|\| ''caberra'' <br> ''caberra'' <br> ''caberra'' <br> ''caberraua'' <br> ''caberrade'' <br> ''caberrat'' \|\| ''sesiur'' <br> ''sesietar'' <br> ''sesiedra'' <br> ''sesioura'' <br> ''sesieder'' <br> ''sesiotra'' \|\|
			\|-
			\| Pret. Subj. \|\| ''caranne'' <br> ''carada'' <br> ''carada'' <br> ''carammis'' <br> ''caraui'' <br> ''carates'' \|\| ''bazinne'' <br> ''bazida'' <br> ''bazida'' <br> ''bazimmis'' <br> ''baziui'' <br> ''bazites'' \|\| ''caberrenne'' <br> ''caberrida'' <br> ''caberreda'' <br> ''caberremmes'' <br> ''caberreui'' <br> ''caberretes'' \|\| ''sesínne'' <br> ''sesída'' <br> ''sesída'' <br> ''sesímmis'' <br> ''sesíui'' <br> ''sesítes'' \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| Past Ptc. \|\| ''carada'' \|\| ''bazida'' \|\| ''cabréda'' \|\| ''sebida'' \|\|		\| Past Ptc. \|\| ''carada'' \|\| ''bazida'' \|\| ''cabréda'' \|\| ''sebida'' \|\|

Psammead: /* Outline History */

2021-03-22T16:34:24Z

Outline History

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:34, 22 March 2021
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! !! width="100;" \| ''donia'' "man" !! width="100;" \| ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" \| ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" \| ''troues'' "foot" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aú'' "river" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aua'' "name" \|\| width="100;" \| ''~~teia~~'' "~~house~~" \|\| width="100;" \| ''adir'' "father"		! !! width="100;" \| ''donia'' "man" !! width="100;" \| ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" \| ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" \| ''troues'' "foot" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aú'' "river" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aua'' "name" \|\| width="100;" \| ''lieda'' "valley" \|\| width="100;" \| ''adir'' "father"
	\|-		\|-
	\| Nsg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''donia'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''more'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''prédo'' \|\| ''troues'' \|\| ''aú'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''~~teia~~'' \|\| ''adir''		\| Nsg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''donia'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''more'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''prédo'' \|\| ''troues'' \|\| ''aú'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''lieda'' \|\| ''adir''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Asg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troueda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auona'' \|\| ''adera''		\| Asg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troueda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auona'' \|\| ''adera''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Gsg. \|\|''donie'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auane'' \|\| ''~~teía~~'' \|\| ''adra''		\| Gsg. \|\|''donie'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auane'' \|\| ''liedía'' \|\| ''adra''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Dsg. \|\| ''doniu'' \|\| ''trouede'' \|\| ''auone'' \|\| ''~~teieie~~'' \|\| ''adre''		\| Dsg. \|\| ''doniu'' \|\| ''trouede'' \|\| ''auone'' \|\| ''liedeie'' \|\| ''adre''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Npl. \|\| ''donii'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''mori'' \|\| ''prédoue'' \|\| ''trouede'' \|\| ''auone'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auani'' \|\| rowspan="3;" \| ''~~teía~~'' \|\| ''adre''		\| Npl. \|\| ''donii'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''mori'' \|\| ''prédoue'' \|\| ''trouede'' \|\| ''auone'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auani'' \|\| rowspan="3;" \| ''liedía'' \|\| ''adre''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Apl. \|\| ''doniu'' \|\| ''prédu'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troueda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auona'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adra''		\| Apl. \|\| ''doniu'' \|\| ''prédu'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troueda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auona'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adra''
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	\| Gpl. \|\| ''donia'' \|\| ''moría'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédúa'' \|\| ''auana''		\| Gpl. \|\| ''donia'' \|\| ''moría'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédúa'' \|\| ''auana''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Dpl. \|\| ''donioua'' \|\| ''moreua'' \|\| ''trouedua'' \|\| ''auoua'' \|\| ''auaua'' \|\| ''~~teíeua~~'' \|\| ''adréua''		\| Dpl. \|\| ''donioua'' \|\| ''moreua'' \|\| ''trouedua'' \|\| ''auoua'' \|\| ''auaua'' \|\| ''liedeua'' \|\| ''adréua''
	\|}		\|}

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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! !! width="100;" \| ''dońa'' "man" !! width="100;" \| ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" \| ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" \| ''trouda'' "foot" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aú'' "river" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aua'' "name" \|\| width="100;" \| ''~~teia~~'' "~~house~~" \|\| width="100;" \| ''adir'' "father"		! !! width="100;" \| ''dońa'' "man" !! width="100;" \| ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" \| ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" \| ''trouda'' "foot" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aú'' "river" \|\| width="100;" \| ''aua'' "name" \|\| width="100;" \| ''ĺeda'' "valley" \|\| width="100;" \| ''adir'' "father"
	\|-		\|-
	\| Nsg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońa'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''more'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''prédo'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''trouda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aú'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''~~teia~~'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adra''		\| Nsg. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońa'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''more'' \|\| rowspan="4;" \| ''prédo'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''trouda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aú'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''ĺeda'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adra''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Asg.		\| Asg.
	\|-		\|-
	\| Gsg. \|\|''dońe'' \|\| ''trouda, -e'' \|\| ''auna, -e'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aune'' \|\| ''~~teia~~, -e'' \|\| ''adra, -e''		\| Gsg. \|\|''dońe'' \|\| ''trouda, -e'' \|\| ''auna, -e'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''aune'' \|\| ''ĺeďa, -e'' \|\| ''adra, -e''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Dsg. \|\| ''dońu'' \|\| ''troude'' \|\| ''aune'' \|\| ''~~teie~~'' \|\| ''adre''		\| Dsg. \|\| ''dońu'' \|\| ''troude'' \|\| ''aune'' \|\| ''ĺeďe'' \|\| ''adre''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Npl. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońi'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''mori'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédue'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troude'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \|''aune'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auni'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''~~teia~~, -e'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adre''		\| Npl. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońi'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''mori'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédue'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''troude'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \|''aune'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''auni'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''ĺeďa, -e'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''adre''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Apl.		\| Apl.
	\|-		\|-
	\| Gpl. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''morua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédua'' \|\| ''trouda'' \|\| ''auna'' \|\| ''auna'' \|\| ''~~teia~~'' \|\| ''adra''		\| Gpl. \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''dońua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''morua'' \|\| rowspan="2;" \| ''prédua'' \|\| ''trouda'' \|\| ''auna'' \|\| ''auna'' \|\| ''ĺeďa'' \|\| ''adra''
	\|-		\|-
	\| Dpl. \|\| ''trouda, -ua'' \|\| ''auna, -ua'' \|\| ''auna, -ua'' \|\| ''~~teia~~, -ua'' \|\| ''adra, -ua''		\| Dpl. \|\| ''trouda, -ua'' \|\| ''auna, -ua'' \|\| ''auna, -ua'' \|\| ''ĺeda, -ua'' \|\| ''adra, -ua''
			\|}

			====Verbal Inflection====
			Medieval verb inflection is marked by some simplification of the verbal paradigm and, in particular, the reduction of anomalous forms. Weak verbs ending in 1sg pres. ind. ''-ue'' are merged into a single category, following ''caruemi'' and deponent verbs are mainly taken into the ''-ue'' category. The use of pronominal endings becomes increasingly mandatory in non-3rd person forms.

			{\| class="wikitable"
			\|-
			! \|\| colspan="4;" \| Active \|\| Passive
			\|-
			! !! width="100;" \| ''carue'' "I love" !! width="100;" \| ''bazue'' "I drown" \|\| ''caberu'' "I take" \|\| width="100;" \| ''sebue'' "I follow" \|\| ''caradar'' "is loved"
			\|-
			\| Pres. Ind. \|\| ''carue(mi)'' <br> ''caŕe(tu)'' <br> ''carde'' <br> ''carua(zni)'' <br> ''carde(zui)'' <br> ''carat'' \|\| ''bazue(mi)'' <br> ''baźe(tu)'' <br> ''bazde'' <br> ''bazua(zni)'' <br> ''bazde(zui)'' <br> ''bazat'' \|\| ''caberu(mi)'' <br> ''cabeŕe(tu)'' <br> ''cabere'' <br> ''caberua(zni)'' <br> ''caberde(zui)'' <br> ''caberot'' \|\| ''sebue(mi)'' <br> ''sebie(tu)'' <br> ''sebde'' <br> ''sebua(zni)'' <br> ''sebde(zui)'' <br> ''sebat'' \|\| - <br> - <br> ''cardar'' <br> - <br> - <br> ''cartar''
			\|-
			\| Pret. Ind. \|\| ''carsu(mi)'' <br> ''carse(tu)'' <br> ''carse'' <br> ''carse(zni)'' <br> ''carse(zui)'' <br> ''carsot'' \|\| ''bazsu(mi)'' <br> ''bazse(tu)'' <br> ''bazse'' <br> ''bazse(zni)'' <br> ''bazse(zui)'' <br> ''bazsot'' \|\| ''cabretu(mi)'' <br> ''cabrete(tu)'' <br> ''cabrete'' <br> ''cabrete(zni)'' <br> ''cabrete(zui)'' <br> ''cabretot'' \|\| ''sebsu(mi)'' <br> ''sebse(tu)'' <br> ''sebse'' <br> ''sebse(zni)'' <br> ''sebse(zui)'' <br> ''sebsot'' \|\|
			\|-
			\| Pres. Subj. \|\| ''cara(mi)'' <br> ''cara(tu)'' <br> ''cara'' <br> ''cara(zni)'' <br> ''cara(zui)'' <br> ''cara(ie)'' \|\| ''baza(mi)'' <br> ''baza(tu)'' <br> ''baza'' <br> ''baza(zni)'' <br> ''baza(zui)'' <br> ''baza(ie)'' \|\| ''cabera(mi)'' <br> ''cabera(tu)'' <br> ''cabera'' <br> ''cabera(zni)'' <br> ''cabera(zui)'' <br> ''cabera(ie)'' \|\| ''seba(mi)'' <br> ''seba(tu)'' <br> ''seba'' <br> ''seba(zni)'' <br> ''seba(zui)'' <br> ''seba(ie)'' \|\|
			\|-
			\| Past Ptc. \|\| ''carda'' \|\| ''bazda'' \|\| ''cabréda'' \|\| ''sebda'' \|\|
			\|-
			\| Pres Ptc. \|\| ''carat'' \|\| ''bazit'' \|\| ''caberot'' \|\| ''sebit'' \|\|
			\|-
			\| Ptc. of Nec. \|\| ''cardoia'' \|\| ''bazdoia'' \|\| ''cabrédoia'' \|\| ''sebdoia'' \|\|
	\|}		\|}

Psammead: /* Outline History */

2021-03-22T13:38:47Z

Outline History

@@ Line 39: / Line 39: @@
 | Dsg. || ''doniu'' || ''trouede'' || ''auone'' || ''teieie'' || ''adre''
 |-
-| Npl. || ''donii'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''mori'' || ''prédoue'' || ''trouede'' || ''auone'' || rowspan="3;" |  ''auana'' || rowspan="3;" | ''teía'' || ''adre''
+| Npl. || ''donii'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''mori'' || ''prédoue'' || ''trouede'' || ''auone'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''auani'' || rowspan="3;" | ''teía'' || ''adre''
 |-
 | Apl. || ''doniu''  || ''prédu'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''troueda'' || rowspan="2;" | ''auona'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''adra''
 |-
-| Gpl. || ''donia'' || ''moría'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''prédúa''
+| Gpl. || ''donia'' || ''moría'' || rowspan="2;" |  ''prédúa'' || ''auana''
 |-
-| Dpl. || ''donioua'' || ''moreua'' || ''trouedua'' || ''auova'' || ''auaua'' || ''teíeua'' || ''adréva''
+| Dpl. || ''donioua'' || ''moreua'' || ''trouedua'' || ''auoua'' || ''auaua'' || ''teíeua'' || ''adréua''
 |}
@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 * ''lieú'' "I hear": ''celioú, celioie, celioie, celiououe, celioiede''
 * ''veziu'' "I pray": ''vaza, vaza, vaze, vazaue, vazade, vazar''.
 ==Phonological History==

Psammead: /* Old Bźatga */

2021-03-21T20:01:48Z

Old Bźatga

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:01, 21 March 2021
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	==Outline History==		==Outline History==
	===Old Bźatga===		===Old Bźatga===
	~~The~~ Latin alphabet ~~was introduced~~ to ~~Veśŕa~~ by Irish ~~monks~~ in ~~about~~ the ~~8th century~~ and ~~was quickly adapted to writing Old Bźatga~~.		Old Bźatga (''Bríatéga'') is the form of the language belonging to the earliest written records from the 8th century when Irish monks (OBz. ''papi'' or ''celí dié'') introduced the Latin alphabet to the island. It is characterised by extensive nominal and verbal inflections largely inherited from Common Brittonic and by a small number of words borrowed from Old Irish and Ecclesiastical Latin, largely in the spheres of religion and technology (e.g. ''liérieca'' "cleric" (OI ''cleirech''), ''sagrata'' "priest" (OI ''sagart''), ''annódia'' "mother church" (OI ''andóit'', ''canniela'' "candle" (OI ''caindel''), ''penna'' "pen" (L ''penna''), ''scriuade'' "he writes" (OI ''scríbaid'')).

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Psammead: /* Outline History */

2021-03-21T12:12:01Z

Outline History

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 The loss of distinctive vowel quantity during the Old Bźatga period led to the following vowel system: ''a, e, é, i, o, ó, u'', where ''é, ó'' represent /e, o/. Marked ''í, ú'' were often used to represent sequences of ''ii, uu'', e.g. ''dúo'' "black", ''ríe'' "kings". Iotisation continued to be marked with ''i'' after the consonant, e.g. Bźatga was written ''Briatéga'', ModBź. ''brańa'' "foul" was written ''brania'' (but in earlier texts also ''braina'' or ''brainia'').
-Nominal Inflection
+====Nominal Inflection====
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-! !! width="100;" | ''donia'' "man" !! width="100;" | ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" | ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" | ''troues'' "foot" || width="100;" | ''aú'' "river" || width="100;" | ''aua'' "name" || width="100;" | ''teia'' "house" || width="100;" | ''adir''
+! !! width="100;" | ''donia'' "man" !! width="100;" | ''more'' "sea" !! width="100;" | ''prédo'' "shape" !! width="100;" | ''troues'' "foot" || width="100;" | ''aú'' "river" || width="100;" | ''aua'' "name" || width="100;" | ''teia'' "house" || width="100;" | ''adir'' "father"
 |-
 | Nsg. ||  rowspan="2;" |  ''donia'' || rowspan="4;" |  ''more'' || rowspan="4;" | ''prédo'' || ''troues'' || ''aú'' || rowspan="2;" | ''aua'' || rowspan="2;" | ''teia'' || ''adir''
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 | Dpl. || ''donioua'' || ''moreua'' || ''trouedua'' || ''auova'' || ''auaua'' || ''teíeua'' || ''adréva''
 |}
 ==Phonological History==