Antarctican/Syntax - Revision history

Chrysophylax: /* Pronominal Themes */

2013-08-22T05:15:16Z

Pronominal Themes

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:15, 22 August 2013
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	\|}		\|}
	A soldier will be giving us (to something / someone).		A soldier will be giving us (to something / someone).

			<!-- Categories -->
			[[Category:Antarctican]]

Linguist Wannabe: /* Implicit Topicalisation */

2013-03-26T04:18:47Z

Implicit Topicalisation

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:18, 26 March 2013
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	\| byaenka \|\| damasùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| wabiraza		\| byaenka \|\| damasùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| 'wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| wabiraza
	\|-		\|-
	\| bʲɛɴka \|\| damasɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| wɛ&#~~660~~;tou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| wabiʁaza		\| bʲɛɴka \|\| damasɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| ˤwɛˤtou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| wabiʁaza
	\|-		\|-
	\| banker.ABS \|\| swindle \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| TPCPOSS-brother.ABS		\| banker.ABS \|\| swindle \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| TPCPOSS-brother.ABS
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	\| byaenka \|\| damasùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| sibiraza		\| byaenka \|\| damasùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| 'wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| sibiraza
	\|-		\|-
	\| bʲɛɴka \|\| damasɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| wɛ&#~~660~~;tou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| sibiʁaza		\| bʲɛɴka \|\| damasɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| ˤwɛˤtou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| sibiʁaza
	\|-		\|-
	\| banker.ABS \|\| swindle \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| 3POSS-brother.ABS		\| banker.ABS \|\| swindle \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| 3POSS-brother.ABS
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	\| today \|\| byaenkan \|\| damaehlu \|\| sõwdla \|\| wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| sibiraza		\| today \|\| byaenkan \|\| damaehlu \|\| sõwdla \|\| 'wáetow \|\| kan-guchu \|\| sibiraza
	\|-		\|-
	\| todai \|\| bʲɛɴkaɴ \|\| damɛɬu \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| wɛ&#~~660~~;tou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| sibiʁaza		\| todai \|\| bʲɛɴkaɴ \|\| damɛɬu \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| ˤwɛˤtou \|\| kaɴgucu \|\| sibiʁaza
	\|-		\|-
	\| today.ABS \|\| banker-ERG \|\| swindle.INDIR \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| 3POSS-brother.ABS		\| today.ABS \|\| banker-ERG \|\| swindle.INDIR \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| occur during \|\| be a prisoner.INDIR \|\| 3POSS-brother.ABS
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	Using the topic possessive prefix wa- to say "today byaenkan damaehlu sõwdla wáetow kan-gukùe wabiraza" would not make sense, since "today" cannot have a brother.		Using the topic possessive prefix wa- to say "today byaenkan damaehlu sõwdla wáetow kan-gukùe wabiraza" would not make sense, since "today" cannot have a brother.


	===Serial Verbs===		===Serial Verbs===

Linguist Wannabe: /* Subject Pronominal Affixes */

2013-03-26T04:16:48Z

Subject Pronominal Affixes

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:16, 26 March 2013
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	\| wɨkiʁɜʱmɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluːʱɴ		\| wɨkiʁɜʱmɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluːʱɴ
	\|-		\|-
	\| 1PS.INC.SUBJ.FUT- bite \|\| frog.ABS \|\| ~~1PS.INC.SUBJ.FUT-~~die		\| 1PS.INC.SUBJ.FUT- bite \|\| frog.ABS \|\| die
	\|}		\|}
	We (including you) will bite a frog and it will die.		We (including you) will bite a frog and it will die.
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	Note that, if a transitive verb takes a subject pronominal affix, then it can never take antipassive voice.		Note that, if a transitive verb takes a subject pronominal affix, then it can never take antipassive voice.


	===Relative Clauses===		===Relative Clauses===

Linguist Wannabe: Added section on indirect verbs

2013-03-26T04:15:40Z

Added section on indirect verbs

@@ Line 73: / Line 73: @@
 Note that sentence can only have one topic, so if the object of a transitive sentence is topicalised, then the subject cannot be (and must therefore stay in the ergative case). Hence utterances like "wùeru sowdla ameraykùe" are ungrammatical.
@@ Line 163: / Line 185: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-| byaenka || damasùe || sõwdla || wáetow || kan-gukùe || wabiraza
+| byaenka || damasùe || sõwdla || wáetow || kan-guchu || wabiraza
 |-
-| b&#690;&#603;&#628;ka || damas&#616;&#689; || s&#596;ud&#622;a || w&#603;&#660;tou || ka&#628;guk&#616;&#689; || wabi&#641;aza
+| b&#690;&#603;&#628;ka || damas&#616;&#689; || s&#596;ud&#622;a || w&#603;&#660;tou || ka&#628;gucu || wabi&#641;aza
 |-
-| banker.ABS || swindle || soldier.ABS || occur during || be a prisoner || TPCPOSS-brother
+| banker.ABS || swindle || soldier.ABS || occur during || be a prisoner.INDIR || TPCPOSS-brother.ABS
 |}
 The banker swindled the soldier while his brother was in prison (the soldier's brother).
@@ Line 177: / Line 199: @@
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
-| byaenka || damasùe || sõwdla || wáetow || kan-gukùe || sibiraza
+| byaenka || damasùe || sõwdla || wáetow || kan-guchu || sibiraza
 |-
-| b&#690;&#603;&#628;ka || damas&#616;&#689; || s&#596;ud&#622;a || w&#603;&#660;tou || ka&#628;guk&#616;&#689; || sibi&#641;aza
+| b&#690;&#603;&#628;ka || damas&#616;&#689; || s&#596;ud&#622;a || w&#603;&#660;tou || ka&#628;gucu || sibi&#641;aza
 |-
-| banker.ABS || swindle || soldier.ABS || occur during || be a prisoner || 3POSS-brother
+| banker.ABS || swindle || soldier.ABS || occur during || be a prisoner.INDIR || 3POSS-brother.ABS
 |}
 The banker swindled the soldier while his brother was in prison.
@@ Line 187: / Line 209: @@
 In this case, it is not the soldier's brother that is in prison (most likely the banker's brother).
@@ Line 385: / Line 427: @@
 ===Relative Clauses===
-These follow the noun they modify. There are no relative pronouns or relativising particles. However, the accessibility hierarchy is very important in Antarctican ({{lg|Relative_clause#Accessibility_hierarchy}}). Only absolutive arguments (objects of transitive verbs and subjects of intransitive verbs) can be relativised. So the following two phrases are grammatical:
+These follow the noun they modify. There are no relative pronouns or relativising particles. However, if the verb in the relative clause is transitive, the head noun can only ever be the object of it, never the subject. So the following two sentences are grammatical.
@@ Line 436: / Line 478: @@
 |}
 The soldier that hunted.

Linguist Wannabe at 03:11, 26 March 2013

2013-03-26T03:11:36Z

Show changes

Linguist Wannabe: /* Intransitive Verbs */

2013-03-26T03:07:05Z

Intransitive Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:07, 26 March 2013
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	\| sõwdla \|\| byowkùe \|\| kùevòelùun		\| sõwdla \|\| byowkùe \|\| kùevòelùun
	\|-		\|-
	\| sɔudɮa \|\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluː&#~~628~~;&#~~689~~;		\| sɔudɮa \|\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluːʱɴ
	\|-		\|-
	\| soldier.ABS \|\| sick \|\| die		\| soldier.ABS \|\| sick \|\| die
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	\| byowkùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| kùevòelùun		\| byowkùe \|\| sõwdla \|\| kùevòelùun
	\|-		\|-
	\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluː&#~~628~~;&#~~689~~;		\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| sɔudɮa \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluːʱɴ
	\|-		\|-
	\| sick \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| die		\| sick \|\| soldier.ABS \|\| die

Linguist Wannabe: /* Intransitive Verbs */

2013-03-26T03:06:09Z

Intransitive Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:06, 26 March 2013
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	\| sõwdla \|\| byowkùe\|\| sàonkùesòe \|\| kùevòelùun		\| sõwdla \|\| byowkùe\|\| sàonkùesòe \|\| kùevòelùun
	\|-		\|-
	\| sɔudɮa \|\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| sɜʱɴkɨʱsɘʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluː&#~~628~~;&#~~689~~;		\| sɔudɮa \|\| bʲoukɨʱ \|\| sɜʱɴkɨʱsɘʱ \|\| kɨʱɥɘʱluːʱɴ
	\|-		\|-
	\| soldier.ABS \|\| sick\|\| bleed \|\| die		\| soldier.ABS \|\| sick\|\| bleed \|\| die
	\|}		\|}
	The soldier got sick, bled, and died.		The soldier got sick, bled, and died.


	====Transitive Verbs====		====Transitive Verbs====

Linguist Wannabe: Changed "focus" to "dependent"

2013-03-25T15:02:35Z

Changed "focus" to "dependent"

Show changes

Linguist Wannabe: /* The Particle nay /nai/ (Specific Negation) */

2013-03-25T13:38:50Z

The Particle nay /nai/ (Specific Negation)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:38, 25 March 2013
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	\| wùerù \|\| kiveli-ewn \|\| `ròedla		\| wùerù \|\| kiveli-ewn \|\| `ròedla
	\|-		\|-
	\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kiɥeliʔeuɴ \|\| ~~ʱ~~ ʱʁɘʱdɮa		\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kiɥeliʔeuɴ \|\| ʱʁɘʱdɮa
	\|-		\|-
	\| frog.ABS \|\| die.VFCS \|\| red.VFCS		\| frog.ABS \|\| die.VFCS \|\| red.VFCS
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	\| wùerù \|\| kiveli-ewn \|\| nay \|\| `ròedla		\| wùerù \|\| kiveli-ewn \|\| nay \|\| `ròedla
	\|-		\|-
	\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kiɥeliʔeuɴ \|\| nai \|\| ~~ʱ~~ ʱʁɘʱdɮa		\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| kiɥeliʔeuɴ \|\| nai \|\| ʱʁɘʱdɮa
	\|-		\|-
	\| frog.ABS \|\| die.VFCS \|\| NEG.SPFC \|\| red.VFCS		\| frog.ABS \|\| die.VFCS \|\| NEG.SPFC \|\| red.VFCS
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	\| sõwdlan \|\| ameraykùe \|\| wùerù \|\| `ròedla		\| sõwdlan \|\| ameraykùe \|\| wùerù \|\| `ròedla
	\|-		\|-
	\| sɔudɮaɴ \|\| ʔameʁaikɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| ~~ʱ~~ ʱʁɘʱdɮa		\| sɔudɮaɴ \|\| ʔameʁaikɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| ʱʁɘʱdɮa
	\|-		\|-
	\| soldier-ERG \|\| hunt.NFCS \|\| frog.ABS \|\| red.VFCS		\| soldier-ERG \|\| hunt.NFCS \|\| frog.ABS \|\| red.VFCS

Linguist Wannabe: /* The Particle nay /nai/ (Specific Negation) */

2013-03-25T13:37:06Z

The Particle nay /nai/ (Specific Negation)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:37, 25 March 2013
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	\| sõwdlan \|\| ameraykùe \|\| wùerù \|\| `ròedla \|\| nay		\| sõwdlan \|\| ameraykùe \|\| wùerù \|\| `ròedla \|\| nay
	\|-		\|-
	\| sɔudɮaɴ \|\| ʔameʁaikɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| ~~ʱ~~ ʱʁɘʱdɮa \|\| nai		\| sɔudɮaɴ \|\| ʔameʁaikɨʱ \|\| wɨʱʁuʱ \|\| ʱʁɘʱdɮa \|\| nai
	\|-		\|-
	\| soldier-ERG \|\| hunt.NFCS \|\| frog.ABS \|\| red.VFCS \|\| NEG.SPFC		\| soldier-ERG \|\| hunt.NFCS \|\| frog.ABS \|\| red.VFCS \|\| NEG.SPFC
	\|}		\|}
	Soldiers aren't hunting ''red'' frogs (maybe they're hunting another colour).		Soldiers aren't hunting ''red'' frogs (maybe they're hunting another colour).


	===Polar Questions===		===Polar Questions===