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Nicolasstraccia: /* Nominalization of a verb */

2017-09-29T23:09:52Z

Nominalization of a verb

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:09, 29 September 2017
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	A verb can be nominalized through the reduplication of the verbal root, which undergoes a mutation of its onset. Regular sandhi rules also apply to this forms. This yields a noun that is an instance of the action conveyed by the verb. This compositions take the following forms:		A verb can be nominalized through the reduplication of the verbal root, which undergoes a mutation of its onset. Regular sandhi rules also apply to this forms. This yields a noun that is an instance of the action conveyed by the verb. This compositions take the following forms:

	Replacement of the first consonant through /m/ in the iteration:		'''Replacement of the first consonant through /m/ in the iteration''': [√-C], [√-V] → √C·{C>m}V-

	~~[√-C], [√-V] → √C·{C>m}V~~-		-fricative

	~~-fricative~~		:''kĕs'' to.hit _________ ''kĕsmĕs'' strikes
	kĕs to.hit _________ kĕsmĕs strikes
	max to.cut ________ maxmax cuts		:''max'' to.cut ________ ''maxmax'' cuts

	-nasal		-nasal
	vun to.grow _______ vunnun (<vunmun) growth
	mĕn to.fly ________ mĕnnĕn (<mĕnmĕn) flights		:''vun'' to.grow _______ ''vunnun'' (<''vunmun'') growth

			:''mĕn'' to.fly ________ ''mĕnnĕn'' (<''mĕnmĕn'') flights

	-liquid		-liquid
	mŭr to.(be).ill ______ mŭrmŭr illnesses
	bul to.go __________ bullul (<bulmul) ways		:''mŭr'' to.(be).ill ______ ''mŭrmŭr'' illnesses

			:''bul'' to.go __________ ''bullul'' (<''bulmul'') ways

	-vowel		-vowel
	~~reta to.eat _______ retama (retam’a < retameta) meals~~

	Lenition of stops:		:''reta'' to.eat _______ ''retama'' (''retam’a'' < ''retameta'') meals

			'''Lenition of stops''': [√-C], [√-V] → √C·{C+lenition}V-

	~~[√-C], [√-V] → √C·{C+lenition}V-~~
	-nasal		-nasal

	-liquid		-liquid

	-vowel		-vowel

	vun to.grow _______ vunnun (<vunmun) growth		:''vun'' to.grow _______ ''vunnun'' (<''vunmun'') growth

			'''Epenthesis of /b/''': VC roots → VC·{b}·VC

			:''ĕl'' to.__ _________ ''ĕppĕl'' (<''ĕlbĕl'') ___

	~~Epenthesis of /b/~~:		:''on'' to.__ _________ ''ommon'' (<''onbon'') ___

	~~VC roots → VC·{b}·VC~~		:''ŭr'' to.speak _______ ''ŭrbŭr'' speech

	ĕl to.~~__ _________ ĕppĕl~~ (~~<ĕlbĕl~~) ~~___~~		:''ala'' to.perceive ________ ''alabal(a)''
	~~on to.__ _________ ommon (<onbon) ___~~
	~~ŭr to.speak _______ ŭrbŭr speech~~

	~~ala to.perceive ________ alabal(a)~~

	Verbs that are already composite are normally nominalized with the prefixation of the nominalizer NLZ y(V)- to this same effect.		Verbs that are already composite are normally nominalized with the prefixation of the nominalizer NLZ y(V)- to this same effect.

Chrysophylax: Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

2017-01-20T02:45:17Z

Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:45, 20 January 2017
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	-->		-->

	[[Category:~~Conlangs~~]][[Category:A priori]][[Category:Artlangs]][[Category:Yrḳuti]][[Category:User:Nicolasstraccia]]		[[Category:Languages]][[Category:A priori]][[Category:Artlangs]][[Category:Yrḳuti]][[Category:User:Nicolasstraccia]]

Nicolasstraccia: /* Lexicon */

2016-06-30T14:49:00Z

Lexicon

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:49, 30 June 2016
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}


	=Orthography=		=Orthography=

Nicolasstraccia: /* Nominalization of a locative adverb */

2016-06-30T14:47:51Z

Nominalization of a locative adverb

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:47, 30 June 2016
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	A locative (essive) adverbs can be nominalized with use of the nominalizer prefix NLZ y(Y)-. In contrast to what happens with locative and lative adverbs on their own, nominalized locative adverbs can be modified by grammatical case and become the theme (T) or object (O) of a sentence		A locative (essive) adverbs can be nominalized with use of the nominalizer prefix NLZ y(Y)-. In contrast to what happens with locative and lative adverbs on their own, nominalized locative adverbs can be modified by grammatical case and become the theme (T) or object (O) of a sentence

	-2 -1 0 1 2 3		<!-- -2 -1 0 1 2 3
	NLZ GRAMMATICAL CASE √ DEICTIC DETERMINER QUANTIFIER ADVERB (LOCATIVE/LATIVE)		NLZ GRAMMATICAL CASE √ DEICTIC DETERMINER QUANTIFIER ADVERB (LOCATIVE/LATIVE)
	+ + + +		+ + + +
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	NLZ PART ABS ACC DAT		NLZ PART ABS ACC DAT
	+ + + +		+ + + +
			-->
	:E.g.:		:E.g.:

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	:{\| class=""wikitable		:{\| class=""wikitable
	\|-		\|-
	\| ''‹xomaxram yēkennekilixtir›''		\| colspan=2\| ''‹xomaxram yēkennekilixtir›''
	\|-		\|-
	\| /xo.ˈma.xɾam ˈjeː.ken.ne.ki.ˌlix.tiɾ/		\| colspan=2\| /xo.ˈma.xɾam ˈjeː.ken.ne.ki.ˌlix.tiɾ/
	\|-		\|-
	\| { xo·max·ram ye·eken·ne·kil·ix·tir}		\| colspan=2\| { xo·max·ram ye·eken·ne·kil·ix·tir}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {C₂o max-hɾam yV·VkVn·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}		\| {C₂o max-hɾam \|\| {{pipe}}yV·VkVn·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}
	\|-		\|-
	\| PER.ANIM-to.cut-NPR.ANIM.MASC.1S NLZ-ABS.INAN.PL-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME		\| PER.ANIM-to.cut-NPR.ANIM.MASC.1S \|\| {{pipe}}NLZ-ABS.INAN.PL-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME
	\|-		\|-
	\| "I (masc.) cut (past) the top of some trees"		\| colspan=2\| "I (masc.) cut (past) the top of some trees"
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

Nicolasstraccia: /* Nominalization of a locative adverb */

2016-06-30T14:43:32Z

Nominalization of a locative adverb

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 30 June 2016
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	A locative (essive) adverbs can be nominalized with use of the nominalizer prefix NLZ y(Y)-. In contrast to what happens with locative and lative adverbs on their own, nominalized locative adverbs can be modified by grammatical case and become the theme (T) or object (O) of a sentence		A locative (essive) adverbs can be nominalized with use of the nominalizer prefix NLZ y(Y)-. In contrast to what happens with locative and lative adverbs on their own, nominalized locative adverbs can be modified by grammatical case and become the theme (T) or object (O) of a sentence

	-2 -1 0 1 2 3		-2 -1 0 1 2 3
	NLZ GRAMMATICAL		NLZ GRAMMATICAL CASE √ DEICTIC DETERMINER QUANTIFIER ADVERB (LOCATIVE/LATIVE)
	CASE √ DEICTIC DETERMINER QUANTIFIER		+ + + +
	ADVERB (LOCATIVE/LATIVE) ~~+ + + +~~
	~~NOMINALIZATION OF A LOCATIVE ADVERB NLZ PART ABS~~
	~~ACC~~
	~~DAT~~ + + + +

	~~E.g.:~~		NOMINALIZATION OF A LOCATIVE ADVERB
			NLZ PART ABS ACC DAT
			+ + + +

	‹nekilixtir› ‹yenekilixtir›		:E.g.:
	/ˈne.ki.lix.tiɾ/ /je.ˈne.ki.lix.tiɾ/
	{ne·kil·Vx·tVr} {yV·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}		:{\| class=""wikitable
	tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME NLZ-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME		\|-
	"on top of some trees" "the top of some trees"		\| ''‹nekilixtir›'' \|\| {{pipe}} \|\| ''‹yenekilixtir›''
			\|-
			\| /ˈne.ki.lix.tiɾ/ \|\| {{pipe}} \|\| /je.ˈne.ki.lix.tiɾ/
			\|-
			\| {ne·kil·Vx·tVr} \|\| {{pipe}} \|\| {yV·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}
			\|-
			\| tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME \|\| {{pipe}} \|\| NLZ-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME
			\|-
			\| "on top of some trees" \|\| {{pipe}} \|\| "the top of some trees"
			\|-
			\|}

	From wich, for instance:		From wich, for instance:

	‹xomaxram yēkennekilixtir›		:{\| class=""wikitable
	/xo.ˈma.xɾam ˈjeː.ken.ne.ki.ˌlix.tiɾ/		\|-
	{ xo·max·ram ye·eken·ne·kil·ix·tir}		\| ''‹xomaxram yēkennekilixtir›''
	{C₂o max-hɾam yV·VkVn·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}		\|-
	PER.ANIM-to.cut-NPR.ANIM.MASC.1S NLZ-ABS.INAN.PL-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME		\| /xo.ˈma.xɾam ˈjeː.ken.ne.ki.ˌlix.tiɾ/
	"I (masc.) cut (past) the top of some trees"		\|-
			\| { xo·max·ram ye·eken·ne·kil·ix·tir}
			\|-
			\| {C₂o max-hɾam yV·VkVn·ne·kil·Vx·tVr}
			\|-
			\| PER.ANIM-to.cut-NPR.ANIM.MASC.1S NLZ-ABS.INAN.PL-tree-SUP-DET.PL-SOME
			\|-
			\| "I (masc.) cut (past) the top of some trees"
			\|-
			\|}

	====Hypocoristics====		====Hypocoristics====

Nicolasstraccia at 14:35, 30 June 2016

2016-06-30T14:35:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:35, 30 June 2016
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	=Grammar=		=Grammar=
			<!--
	====In a nutshell:====		====In a nutshell:====-->

	==PHONOLOGY==		==PHONOLOGY==

Nicolasstraccia at 14:34, 30 June 2016

2016-06-30T14:34:42Z

Show changes

Nicolasstraccia at 13:55, 30 June 2016

2016-06-30T13:55:49Z

Show changes

Nicolasstraccia: /* Propter names */

2016-04-21T10:12:25Z

Propter names

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:12, 21 April 2016
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	\|}		\|}

	====~~Propter~~ names====		====Proper names====

	Proper names are marked for grammatical case in the same way as animate singular common nouns. Regular sandhi over morpheme boundaries is not triggered (for instance, ''tanTavar'' instead of ''**tanDavar'', see below).		Proper names are marked for grammatical case in the same way as animate singular common nouns. Regular sandhi over morpheme boundaries is not triggered (for instance, ''tanTavar'' instead of ''**tanDavar'', see below).
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	''“Tavar” {Ø-Tavar} {{sc\|nom}}-Tavar'' vs. ''“tanTavar” {tVn-Tavar} {{sc\|abs}}-Tavar''.		''“Tavar” {Ø-Tavar} {{sc\|nom}}-Tavar'' vs. ''“tanTavar” {tVn-Tavar} {{sc\|abs}}-Tavar''.

	Other names, like given names, nicknames and pet names based on common nouns are marked with the proper name marker {{sc\|pnm}} ''–gV'' or ''–Vg''.		Other names, like ''given names'', ''nicknames'' and ''pet names'' based on ''common'' nouns are marked with the proper name marker {{sc\|pnm}} ''–gV'' or ''–Vg''.

	The proper name vocative, derived from a reduplicated form of the {{sc\|pnm}}, fossilized in the forms ''-gagV'' and ''-agVg'', with epenthesis of the harmonically neutral vowel ''a''. In this latter form, the first ''g'' is subject to sandhi, while the second isn’t. E.g. ''Tavar'' → ''Tavarraga!'', ''Perit'' → ''Perittagi!'', ''Farŭl'' → ''Farŭllagŭ!''.		The proper name vocative, derived from a reduplicated form of the {{sc\|pnm}}, fossilized in the forms ''-gagV'' and ''-agVg'', occurs with epenthesis of the harmonically neutral vowel ''a''. In this latter form, the first ''g'' is subject to sandhi, while the second isn’t. E.g. ''Tavar'' → ''Tavarraga!'', ''Perit'' → ''Perittagi!'', ''Farŭl'' → ''Farŭllagŭ!''.

	===Verbal morphology===		===Verbal morphology===

Nicolasstraccia: /* Anaphoric reference shift particle */

2016-02-29T19:07:50Z

Anaphoric reference shift particle

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:07, 29 February 2016
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	\| /an.ta.ˈvaɾ \|\| sa.ˈkøs.si.teʃ \|\| ten.pe.ˈɾit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| ˈlam.ma \|\| xa.ˈbax.li.te.ʃen/		\| /an.ta.ˈvaɾ \|\| sa.ˈkøs.si.teʃ \|\| ten.pe.ˈɾit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| ˈlam.ma \|\| xa.ˈbax.li.te.ʃen/
	\|-		\|-
	\| {an-Tavar \|\| sa-kĕs-siteš \|\| ten-Perit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| Ø-lam-ma \|\| xa-bax-liteš-en}		\| {an-Tavar \|\| sa-kĕs-siteš \|\| ten-Perit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| Ø-lam-ma \|\| xa-bax-liteš-'''en'''}
	\|-		\|-
	\| {an-Tavar \|\| C₂a-kĕs-liteš \|\| tVn-Perit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| Ø-lam-Ca \|\| C₂a-bax-liteš-Ø-'''Vn'''}		\| {an-Tavar \|\| C₂a-kĕs-liteš \|\| tVn-Perit \|\| <nowiki>\|</nowiki> \|\| Ø-lam-Ca \|\| C₂a-bax-liteš-Ø-'''Vn'''}
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	''Tavar'' did the hitting, ''Perit'' the crying.		''Tavar'' did the hitting, ''Perit'' the crying.
			''

	=====Use of the obviate=====		=====Use of the obviate=====