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	<id>https://linguifex.com/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Matthew+Graham</id>
	<title>Linguifex - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://linguifex.com/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Matthew+Graham"/>
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	<updated>2026-04-03T18:56:08Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User_talk:IlL&amp;diff=37286</id>
		<title>User talk:IlL</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User_talk:IlL&amp;diff=37286"/>
		<updated>2015-07-24T12:01:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Matthew Graham: /* The final, super duper end result of the conlang chinese-ancient greek- hebrew-lalekuvaleve whispers! (the fourth linguifex relay) */ new section&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{archive}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Start date? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please pick a start date for the relay so I can announce it on FB as well. :P --[[File:Admin.png|35px|link=Linguifex:Administrators]] &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User talk:Chrysophylax|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color: #3366BB ;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Χρυσοφύλαξ&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]&#039;&#039;&#039; 21:05, 7 July 2015 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;s&amp;gt;What about 9 July 2015, 00:00 (UTC) at the earliest? [[User:IlL|IlL]] ([[User talk:IlL|talk]]) 05:12, 8 July 2015 (CEST)&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:Nevermind, you can begin now. [[User:IlL|IlL]] ([[User talk:IlL|talk]]) 05:33, 8 July 2015 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do remember to pass the relay to Juhhmi on his talk page! [[File:Waahlis.png|35px|link=Linguifex:Administrators]] &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User talk:Waahlis|&amp;lt;span style=&amp;quot;color: Orange;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Waahlis&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;]]&#039;&#039;&#039;   11:51, 8 July 2015 (CEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The final, super duper end result of the conlang chinese-ancient greek- hebrew-lalekuvaleve whispers! (the fourth linguifex relay) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://linguifex.com/wiki/Fourth_Linguifex_Relay/Rennic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
here is the link to the rennic translation, thank you!&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Matthew Graham</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Fourth_Linguifex_Relay/Rennic&amp;diff=37285</id>
		<title>Fourth Linguifex Relay/Rennic</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Fourth_Linguifex_Relay/Rennic&amp;diff=37285"/>
		<updated>2015-07-24T11:51:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Matthew Graham: Created page with &amp;quot;Text  Adwa, to&amp;#039;ambara brannan ath alda To&amp;#039;vyendadran amo tothelan To&amp;#039;vyendadran amo an fo&amp;#039;maram Yav&amp;#039;praxumo nokwelam fan tolo Fardhan, dhran wi kavanno dhanas an nothdhos dwi...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Text&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Adwa, to&#039;ambara brannan ath alda&lt;br /&gt;
To&#039;vyendadran amo tothelan&lt;br /&gt;
To&#039;vyendadran amo an fo&#039;maram&lt;br /&gt;
Yav&#039;praxumo nokwelam fan tolo&lt;br /&gt;
Fardhan, dhran wi kavanno dhanas an nothdhos dwi so&lt;br /&gt;
Dho dimath amo&lt;br /&gt;
An tolo, ari kurudran dw&#039;arjanto&lt;br /&gt;
Navko some protegasa dru&#039; moro&lt;br /&gt;
Dho tutumu mbala fo&#039;arbo hi. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interlinear gloss&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Adwa, to&#039;ambara brannan ath alda&lt;br /&gt;
adwa to ambaɾa bɾænan aθ alda&lt;br /&gt;
adwa to ambaɾ-a bɾæn-an aθ ald-a&lt;br /&gt;
lord-VOC 2PS.PRO to bring-2PS.PRES.IND strength-NOM and height-NOM&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To&#039;vyendadran amo tothelan&lt;br /&gt;
to vjɛndadɾan amo toθelan&lt;br /&gt;
to vjɛnd-adɾ-a-n amo toθelan&lt;br /&gt;
2PS.PRO.NOM to come-2PS.PAST.IND.PERF 1PS.PRO.DAT far-away-ADJ&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To&#039;vyendadran amo an fo&#039;maram&lt;br /&gt;
to vjɛndadɾan amo fo maʁam&lt;br /&gt;
to vjɛnd-adɾ-a-n amo fo maʁ-am&lt;br /&gt;
2PS.PRO.NOM to come-2PS.PAST.IND.PERF 1PS.PRO.DAT DAT2 DEF sea-LOC.COL&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yav&#039;praxumo nokwelam fan tolo&lt;br /&gt;
jav pɾaʃumo nokwelam fan tolo&lt;br /&gt;
jav pɾaʃum-o nokwel-am fan to-lo&lt;br /&gt;
1PS.PRO.NOM to anticipate-1PS.PRES.IND desire-ACC.COL for 2PS.PRO.ACC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fardhan, dhran wi kavanno dhanas an nothdhos dwi so&lt;br /&gt;
fa:ðan ðɾan wi kavæno ðanas an nofðos dwi so&lt;br /&gt;
fa:ðan ðɾan wi kavæn-o ðan-as an nofð-os dw-i so&lt;br /&gt;
indeed therefore when to ask for-1PS.PRES.IND something-DAT DAT2 spirit-ACC GEN2.DEF sky-GEN&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dho dimath amo&lt;br /&gt;
ðo dimaθ amo&lt;br /&gt;
ðo dim-aθ amo&lt;br /&gt;
then to give-3PS.PRES.IND 1PS.PRO.DAT&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An tolo, ari kurudran dw&#039;arjanto&lt;br /&gt;
an tolo aʁi kuɾudɾan dw a:ʒanto&lt;br /&gt;
an to-lo aʁ-i kuɾudɾan dw-a:ʒant-o&lt;br /&gt;
DAT2 2PS.PRO.ACC gift-ACC.PL made-ADJ GEN2 silver-GEN&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navko some protegasa dru&#039; moro&lt;br /&gt;
navko some pɾotegasa dɾu moʁo&lt;br /&gt;
navko some proteg-as-a dɾu moʁo&lt;br /&gt;
NEG SUB2 to protect-3PS.PRES.SUBJ against death&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dho tutumu mbala fo&#039;arbo hi&lt;br /&gt;
ðo tutumu mbala fo a:bo hi&lt;br /&gt;
ðo tutum-u mbala fo a:b-o hi&lt;br /&gt;
then to destroy-3PS.PAST.IND.PASS well DEF tree-ACC.SNG there&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Glossary&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
adwa- god&lt;br /&gt;
to- you&lt;br /&gt;
ambarar- to bring&lt;br /&gt;
brannon- strength&lt;br /&gt;
ath- and&lt;br /&gt;
alda- height&lt;br /&gt;
vyendar- to come&lt;br /&gt;
amo- me, myself&lt;br /&gt;
tothelan- far away&lt;br /&gt;
an- to, at&lt;br /&gt;
fo- the&lt;br /&gt;
mar- sea&lt;br /&gt;
yav- I&lt;br /&gt;
praxumar- to anticipate&lt;br /&gt;
nokwelo- desire&lt;br /&gt;
fan- for&lt;br /&gt;
tolo- you&lt;br /&gt;
fardhan- indeed&lt;br /&gt;
dhra- therefore&lt;br /&gt;
wi- when&lt;br /&gt;
kavannar- to ask for&lt;br /&gt;
dhanas- something&lt;br /&gt;
nothdhos- spirit&lt;br /&gt;
dwi- of the&lt;br /&gt;
so- sky&lt;br /&gt;
dho-then&lt;br /&gt;
dimar- to give&lt;br /&gt;
ari- gift&lt;br /&gt;
kurudran- made&lt;br /&gt;
dwe- of&lt;br /&gt;
arjanto- silver&lt;br /&gt;
navko- not&lt;br /&gt;
some- that&lt;br /&gt;
protegar- to protect&lt;br /&gt;
drui- against&lt;br /&gt;
moro- death&lt;br /&gt;
tutumar- to destroy&lt;br /&gt;
mbala- easy, well&lt;br /&gt;
arbe- tree&lt;br /&gt;
hi- there&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Matthew Graham</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rennic&amp;diff=35459</id>
		<title>Rennic</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rennic&amp;diff=35459"/>
		<updated>2015-07-04T05:18:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Matthew Graham: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a short reminder of the language format policy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I was inspired to create this language by my obsession with culture. In the process of writing my book, I wanted, like Tolkien, to give a culture to my characters, and thereby make them seem more like living, breathing, though fictional, people. Therefore my language has two goals; to seem like a real language (note the word seem) and to be aesthetically pleasing. However, as I do not currently have an expert knowledge of linguistics, to create &lt;br /&gt;
an convincing a priori language would be beyond my skills as a writer. Therefore, I have taken inspiration from other languages, notably French, Portuguese and Latin, when creating the Rennic language family. &lt;br /&gt;
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rennic is the language of the land of Renn, on the continent of Rhiannon. It is spoken by three main tribes; the Renns, the most popular tribe of that&lt;br /&gt;
land, the Farlic and the Farrow. There are three different dialects of Rennic spoken by the tribes, though all are mutually intelligible. The speech of the Farlic is the most dissimilar to the others. &lt;br /&gt;
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rennic, or Rhiannic, is an Antelic language of the planet Asterion. It is spoken in the land of Renn, on the continent of Rhiannon, and is the third most spoken language of that world. There are also significant numbers of Rennic speakers in Pedwar, Finwar, Khandrahar, and the Greywick Isles. In Renn, it is the majority language of the Old City, Amradin, the largest city in the world, and the native language of the towns of Renn, Nimroc, Brand, Forth, Briad, and Iverhollin. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In prehistory, the lands of Renn and Pedwar were inhabited by warring tribes without laws or government.When the Theran Empire conquered Rhiannon in the First Age, they spread their language, Antelion, when they mingled with the native people. In the war against the Theran invaders, the native tribes rallied together and formed four distinct groups. The Renn, the most numerous, lived among the plains and the coasts, and were the first to be conquered. Consequently, their dialect is considered to be standard Rennic, and their speech was the most influenced by the invaders. The Farrow, who lived further inland among the forests and the mountains, proved more advanced at fighting, and held off the Therans for a hundred years. As the war grew bloody, and marred by famine and disease, the Farrow finally conceded defeat. The tribes of Pedwar had their own language, and flew far to the north. The Farlic were the only Rennic tribe never to be conquered by the Therans. They lived only on the high moors, and no Therans considered their land valuable or wanted to live there. &lt;br /&gt;
In 837 ST the Theran empire collapsed, and the Rennic tribes became a nation proud, suspicious and kind. They are known for their skills in horse riding and fighting. They have a medieval knowledge of science and an amateur knowledge of magic, and mostly live in castle towns along the coast. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Example categories/headings: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Goals&lt;br /&gt;
Setting&lt;br /&gt;
Inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- ***Phonology*** --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- What sounds does your language use? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Vowel inventory&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Rennic has seven vowels, a æ ɪ i e o and y.  a and i can be long or short. Some dialects, especially in Khandrahar and Finwar, use only a i o and y.&lt;br /&gt;
Consonant inventory &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Standard Rennic uses d f ɡ h j k l m n p s ʃ t ð v w z ʒ ʁ ɣ and x &lt;br /&gt;
Syllable structure&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The syllable structure of Rennic is [CC[w, h, j, ʁ]]V[C]&lt;br /&gt;
Stress &lt;br /&gt;
Rennic places moderate stress on the last syllable only, with a few exceptions regarding one and two syllable words. &lt;br /&gt;
Intonation&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Orthography===&lt;br /&gt;
Rennic has two scripts; the Hanging Letters or Tylori, an alphabet adapted from the Dweskovi of Pedwar, and a romanization adapted from the script of the Therans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Consonants===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
d, g, h, l, m, n, p, s, t, v, w and z are written as they appear in IPA. /f/ is written as th, except at the front of a word and before a /w/. /j/ is written as y. Both k and c are used to transliterate /k/, though k is preferred and c is mostly used in legal documents. /ʃ/, /ʒ/, and /ʁ/ are written as x, j and r. /ð/, /ɣ/ and /x/ are written dh, gh and ch. &lt;br /&gt;
===Vowels===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/a/ and /æ/ are both written as the same letter, a. However, /æ/ will often cause the next letter to double, such as in the words kalloch [kælox], sheep, to distinguish it from galoh [galoh], a kind of shoe. /i/ and /o/ are written i and o. /ɪ/ is written as y. /y/ is written as u. /e/ is written as e. &lt;br /&gt;
===Prosody===&lt;br /&gt;
====Stress====&lt;br /&gt;
====Intonation====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Phonotactics===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, &amp;quot;st&amp;quot; is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset &amp;quot;ng&amp;quot; isn&#039;t. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Morphophonology===&lt;br /&gt;
==Morphology==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Here are some example subcategories:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns in Old Rennic declined by case and number. Plurals are made by taking the root of the noun, and adding u. So the word &#039;megath&#039; [megaf], meaning rag or cloth, has the root meg-, and therefore the plural &#039;megu&#039;. Nouns are also lenited in the plural if they come after a vowel, so the word &#039;fo kladda&#039;, the basin, would have the plural &#039;fo gladdu&#039;, the basins. There are five cases in Rennic: nominative, accusative, dative, and two forms of genitive case. In Old Rennic, the cases were more different; in modern Rennic it is often difficult to differentiate between cases in the singular form and prepositions are used. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
            Singular     Plural&lt;br /&gt;
Nominative  fo kaldo     fo galdu&lt;br /&gt;
Accusative  ro kaldo     ro galdi&lt;br /&gt;
Dative      an fo kalda  an fo galda&lt;br /&gt;
Genitive    dwe kaldo    dwi galdi&lt;br /&gt;
Possessive  fo kaldran   fo galdran&lt;br /&gt;
Adjectives&lt;br /&gt;
Verbs&lt;br /&gt;
Adverbs&lt;br /&gt;
Particles&lt;br /&gt;
Derivational morphology&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Syntax==&lt;br /&gt;
===Constituent order===&lt;br /&gt;
===Noun phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Verb phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Sentence phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Dependent clauses===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- etc. etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Example texts==&lt;br /&gt;
==Other resources==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Template area --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conlangs]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Matthew Graham</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Fourth_Linguifex_Relay&amp;diff=35451</id>
		<title>Fourth Linguifex Relay</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Fourth_Linguifex_Relay&amp;diff=35451"/>
		<updated>2015-07-04T03:32:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Matthew Graham: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;Fourth Linguifex Relay&#039;&#039;&#039; is an upcoming conlang relay, a game of conlingual telephone, on Linguifex. Succeeding the [[Third Linguifex Relay|&#039;&#039;Lhut Hâsha Mâle&#039;&#039;]] relay, starting in [[Cwengâr]], the fourth one will be written by [[User:IlL|IlL]] in his language [[Wiobian]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Rules==&lt;br /&gt;
The game is similar to [[w:Chinese whispers|Chinese whispers]]. The procedure is simple, you will receive a conlang text, a &#039;&#039;whisper&#039;&#039;, from the previous &#039;&#039;seat&#039;&#039; with an interlinear/gloss which you are to translate into your own conlang and add information so that the next person can decipher it and make a new translation. You will have &#039;&#039;&#039;48&#039;&#039;&#039; hours from the time of having received the whisper to prepare a translation of it into your conlang, gloss it and then send it to the next person in the chain. You are free to include either a glossary and grammar notes or an interlinear (or both!). The choice is up to you, but it is always recommended to at least add an interlinear.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the event that you fail to whisper within your allotted 48 hours, the turn will skip your seat and go to the next participant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The starting date will be set after the seats have been taken. Everyone is welcome to partake, but for reasons of convenience, an account on Linguifex is required (as the posting of the material will be on talk pages and such). Every person is restricted to one entry, but the choice of conlang is up to them. In the case that two people chose the same language, a first-come first-served basis will be adopted (unless, say the language creator chooses to join in).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Signup==&lt;br /&gt;
The signup started Monday 2014-10-27 and will end when???? (apparently by admin fiat)&lt;br /&gt;
===Seats===&lt;br /&gt;
The final seat will be a retranslation into the source conlang, as well as the first translation into English. In conjunction, the original text will be published in English.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Zeroth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:IlL|IlL]], relaymaster, with &#039;&#039;[[Wiobian]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;First seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Juhhmi|juhhmi]] with &#039;&#039;[[Sceptrian]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Second seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Dē Graut Bʉr|Dē Graut Bʉr]] with &#039;&#039;[[Bearlandic]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Third seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Chrysophylax|Chrysophylax]] with &#039;&#039;[[Van]]&#039;&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Fourth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Waahlis|Waahlis]] with &#039;&#039;[[Kandi]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Fifth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:KyleFarrington|Kyle Farrington]] with &#039;&#039;[[Kaidu]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Sixth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Serafín|Serafín]] with &#039;&#039;[[Alaia]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Seventh seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:MarloweC|MarloweC]] with &#039;&#039;[[Dyrel]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Eighth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - [[User:Unleashy|Unleashy]] with &#039;&#039;[[Ngutanese]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Ninth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; -  [[User:Anyar|Anyar]] with &#039;&#039;[[Minhast]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Tenth seat&#039;&#039;&#039; -  [[User:nicolasstraccia|Nicolas Straccia]] with &#039;&#039;[[I Kronurum]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Eleventh seat&#039;&#039;&#039; [[User: Matthew Graham]] with &#039;&#039;[[Rennic]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;&#039;Final seat&#039;&#039;&#039; - Retranslation into [[Wiobian]] and [[w:English|English]], as well as publication of the English translation of the original text.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==How-to==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you&#039;ve received the conlang text with glosses and all, you create a page called &amp;quot;Fourth Linguifex Relay/X&amp;quot;, where X is your language. Translate and gloss the text into your conlang (try to include an interlinear gloss), and check the &#039;&#039;&#039;Seats&#039;&#039;&#039; list on this page: Take a look who&#039;s next after you and go to their talk page and create a new topic called &amp;quot;Fourth Linguifex Relay&amp;quot;; and link the page where you keep your translation. &lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Relays]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Matthew Graham</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rennic&amp;diff=35448</id>
		<title>Rennic</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rennic&amp;diff=35448"/>
		<updated>2015-07-04T03:18:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Matthew Graham: Created page with &amp;quot;  &amp;lt;!--   This is a short reminder of the language format policy.  I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is a short reminder of the language format policy.&lt;br /&gt;
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I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).&lt;br /&gt;
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I was inspired to create this language by my obsession with culture. In the process of writing my book, I wanted, like Tolkien, to give a culture to my characters, and thereby make them seem more like living, breathing, though fictional, people. Therefore my language has two goals; to seem like a real language (note the word seem) and to be aesthetically pleasing. However, as I do not currently have an expert knowledge of linguistics, to create &lt;br /&gt;
an convincing a priori language would be beyond my skills as a writer. Therefore, I have taken inspiration from other languages, notably French, Portuguese and Latin, when creating the Rennic language family. &lt;br /&gt;
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)&lt;br /&gt;
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Rennic is the language of the land of Renn, on the continent of Rhiannon. It is spoken by three main tribes; the Renns, the most popular tribe of that&lt;br /&gt;
land, the Farlic and the Farrow. There are three different dialects of Rennic spoken by the tribes, though all are mutually intelligible. The speech of the Farlic is the most dissimilar to the others. &lt;br /&gt;
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Introduction==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Rennic, or Rhiannic, is an Antelic language of the planet Asterion. It is spoken in the land of Renn, on the continent of Rhiannon, and is the third most spoken language of that world. There are also significant numbers of Rennic speakers in Pedwar, Finwar, Khandrahar, and the Greywick Isles. In Renn, it is the majority language of the Old City, Amradin, the largest city in the world, and the native language of the towns of Renn, Nimroc, Brand, Forth, Briad, and Iverhollin. &lt;br /&gt;
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In prehistory, the lands of Renn and Pedwar were inhabited by warring tribes without laws or government.When the Theran Empire conquered Rhiannon in the First Age, they spread their language, Antelion, when they mingled with the native people. In the war against the Theran invaders, the native tribes rallied together and formed four distinct groups. The Renn, the most numerous, lived among the plains and the coasts, and were the first to be conquered. Consequently, their dialect is considered to be standard Rennic, and their speech was the most influenced by the invaders. The Farrow, who lived further inland among the forests and the mountains, proved more advanced at fighting, and held off the Therans for a hundred years. As the war grew bloody, and marred by famine and disease, the Farrow finally conceded defeat. The tribes of Pedwar had their own language, and flew far to the north. The Farlic were the only Rennic tribe never to be conquered by the Therans. They lived only on the high moors, and no Therans considered their land valuable or wanted to live there. &lt;br /&gt;
In 837 ST the Theran empire collapsed, and the Rennic tribes became a nation proud, suspicious and kind. They are known for their skills in horse riding and fighting. They have a medieval knowledge of science and an amateur knowledge of magic, and mostly live in castle towns along the coast. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- Example categories/headings: &lt;br /&gt;
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Goals&lt;br /&gt;
Setting&lt;br /&gt;
Inspiration&lt;br /&gt;
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--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- ***Phonology*** --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- What sounds does your language use? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:&lt;br /&gt;
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Vowel inventory&lt;br /&gt;
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Standard Rennic has seven vowels, a æ ɪ i e o and y. ɪ and e are the least common; a and i can be long or short. Some dialects, especially in Khandrahar and Finwar, use only a i o and y.&lt;br /&gt;
Consonant inventory &lt;br /&gt;
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Standard Rennic uses d f ɡ h j k l m n p s ʃ t ð v w z ʒ ʁ ɣ and x &lt;br /&gt;
Syllable structure&lt;br /&gt;
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The syllable structure of Rennic is [CC[w, h, j, ʁ]]V[C]&lt;br /&gt;
Stress &lt;br /&gt;
Rennic places moderate stress on the last syllable only, with a few exceptions regarding one and two syllable words. &lt;br /&gt;
Intonation&lt;br /&gt;
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===Orthography===&lt;br /&gt;
Rennic has two scripts; the Hanging Letters or Tylori, an alphabet adapted from the Dweskovi of Pedwar, and a romanization adapted from the script of the Therans.&lt;br /&gt;
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===Consonants===&lt;br /&gt;
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d, g, h, l, m, n, p, s, t, v, w and z are written as they appear in IPA. /f/ is written as th, except at the front of a word and before a /w/. /j/ is written as y. Both k and c are used to transliterate /k/, though k is preferred and c is mostly used in legal documents. /ʃ/, /ʒ/, and /ʁ/ are written as x, j and r. /ð/, /ɣ/ and /x/ are written dh, gh and ch. &lt;br /&gt;
===Vowels===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/a/ and /æ/ are both written as the same letter, a. However, /æ/ will often cause the next letter to double, such as in the words kalloch [kælox], sheep, to distinguish it from galoh [galoh], a kind of shoe. /i/ and /o/ are written i and o. /ɪ/ is written as y. /y/ is written as u. /e/ is written as a diphthong ai, except at the end of a word, when it is written e. &lt;br /&gt;
===Prosody===&lt;br /&gt;
====Stress====&lt;br /&gt;
====Intonation====&lt;br /&gt;
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===Phonotactics===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, &amp;quot;st&amp;quot; is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset &amp;quot;ng&amp;quot; isn&#039;t. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Morphophonology===&lt;br /&gt;
==Morphology==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- Here are some example subcategories:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nouns&lt;br /&gt;
Adjectives&lt;br /&gt;
Verbs&lt;br /&gt;
Adverbs&lt;br /&gt;
Particles&lt;br /&gt;
Derivational morphology&lt;br /&gt;
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--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Syntax==&lt;br /&gt;
===Constituent order===&lt;br /&gt;
===Noun phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Verb phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Sentence phrase===&lt;br /&gt;
===Dependent clauses===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- etc. etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Example texts==&lt;br /&gt;
==Other resources==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- Template area --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conlangs]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Matthew Graham</name></author>
	</entry>
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