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2026-04-04T06:08:01Z
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https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Naktap-Semi&diff=457415
Proto-Naktap-Semi
2025-06-11T16:02:21Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Phonology==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| *n<br />
| *ɲ<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p *pʰ *b<br />
| *t *tʰ *d<br />
| *c *cʰ *ɟ<br />
| *k *kʰ *ɡ<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Fricative<br />
|<br />
| *s<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Vowel system is /a e i o u ə/ without vowel length or gemination. Syllable structure is (C)V(C) and stress falls on the first syllable<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Similar to it's descendants Proto-Naktap-Semi had SOV, Head-final word order. Instead of using suffixes like it's desxendants it uses particles. Plural particle *tʰə put after case particles can be reconstructed. Proto-Naktap-Semi had following cases:<br />
*Nominative: unmarked<br />
*Accusative: *əɲtʰə<br />
*Genetive: *eka<br />
*Dative: *məɟ<br />
*Ablative *apta<br />
*Locative *kʰan<br />
*Lative: *pesi<br />
*Instrumental: *kuba<br />
Verb particles are put in this order:<br />
<br />
Verb Valency Voice Tense Aspect Mood<br />
<br />
Only Valency-changing suffix is Causative *pʰəɟ. Only Mood is Conditional *kʰaca. Two voices are reconstructed: Passive *ənəɟi and Reflexive (also known by Naktap-Semi linguistsas "Middle") *aba. Tense system is similar to those found in it's descendants:<br />
* Recent Past: *aɡətʰ<br />
* Distant Past: *muɡus<br />
* Hesterial Past (Yesterday): *sibi<br />
* Nonpast: *pʰe<br />
* Hodiernal (Today): *kicʰi<br />
* Crastinal Future (Tomorrow): *kibi<br />
<br />
There is imperfective *agida and Habitual *damagu.<br />
<br />
Negation is formed by adding ɟu and is mostly used for adjectives and verbs. In Naktap it's used in verbs to form inverted meaning, like "to tie" to "to untie" and particle being used before the word else. In Semi for inverted meanings descendant of *ɟuden is reconstruced, probably related to *bemibden "front, face" <br />
Other suffixes can also be reconstructed:<br />
<br />
Nominalization: *sic<br />
<br />
Person related to a word (not always an Agentive): *nak, shortening of *naktap "person"</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Naktap-Semi&diff=457414
Proto-Naktap-Semi
2025-06-11T15:59:46Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Phonology==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| *n<br />
| *ɲ<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p *pʰ *b<br />
| *t *tʰ *d<br />
| *c *cʰ *ɟ<br />
| *k *kʰ *ɡ<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Fricative<br />
|<br />
| *s<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Vowel system is /a e i o u ə/ without vowel length or gemination. Syllable structure is (C)V(C) and stress falls on the first syllable<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Similar to it's descendants Proto-Naktap-Semi had SOV, Head-final word order. Instead of using suffixes like it's desxendants it uses particles. Plural particle *tʰə put after case particles can be reconstructed. Proto-Naktap-Semi had following cases:<br />
*Nominative: unmarked<br />
*Accusative: *əɲtʰə<br />
*Genetive: *eka<br />
*Dative: *məɟ<br />
*Ablative *apta<br />
*Locative *kʰan<br />
*Lative: *pesi<br />
*Instrumental: *kuba<br />
Verb particles are put in this order:<br />
<br />
Verb Valency Voice Tense Aspect Mood<br />
<br />
Only Valency-changing suffix is Causative *pʰəɟ. Only mood is Conditional kʰaca. Two voices are reconstructed: Passive *ənəɟi and Reflexive (also known by Naktap-Semi linguistsas "Middle") *aba. Tense system is similar to those found in it's descendants:<br />
* Recent Past: *aɡətʰ<br />
* Distant Past: *muɡus<br />
* Hesterial Past (Yesterday): *sibi<br />
* Nonpast: *pʰe<br />
* Hodiernal (Today): *kicʰi<br />
* Crastinal Future (Tomorrow): *kibi<br />
<br />
Negation is formed by adding ɟu and is mostly used for adjectives and verbs. In Naktap it's used in verbs to form inverted meaning, like "to tie" to "to untie" and particle being used before the word else. In Semi for inverted meanings descendant of *ɟuden is reconstruced, probably related to *bemibden "front, face" <br />
Other suffixes can also be reconstructed:<br />
<br />
Nominalization: *sic<br />
<br />
Person related to a word (not always an Agentive): *nak, shortening of *naktap "person"</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Naktap-Semi&diff=457413
Proto-Naktap-Semi
2025-06-11T15:59:23Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Phonology<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| *n<br />
| *ɲ<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p *pʰ *b<br />
| *t *tʰ *d<br />
| *c *cʰ *ɟ<br />
| *k *kʰ *ɡ<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Fricative<br />
|<br />
| *s<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Vowel system is /a e i o u ə/ without vowel length or gemination. Syllable structure is (C)V(C) and stress falls on the first syllable<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Similar to it's descendants Proto-Naktap-Semi had SOV, Head-final word order. Instead of using suffixes like it's desxendants it uses particles. Plural particle *tʰə put after case particles can be reconstructed. Proto-Naktap-Semi had following cases:<br />
*Nominative: unmarked<br />
*Accusative: *əɲtʰə<br />
*Genetive: *eka<br />
*Dative: *məɟ<br />
*Ablative *apta<br />
*Locative *kʰan<br />
*Lative: *pesi<br />
*Instrumental: *kuba<br />
Verb particles are put in this order:<br />
<br />
Verb Valency Voice Tense Aspect Mood<br />
<br />
Only Valency-changing suffix is Causative *pʰəɟ. Only mood is Conditional kʰaca. Two voices are reconstructed: Passive *ənəɟi and Reflexive (also known by Naktap-Semi linguistsas "Middle") *aba. Tense system is similar to those found in it's descendants:<br />
* Recent Past: *aɡətʰ<br />
* Distant Past: *muɡus<br />
* Hesterial Past (Yesterday): *sibi<br />
* Nonpast: *pʰe<br />
* Hodiernal (Today): *kicʰi<br />
* Crastinal Future (Tomorrow): *kibi<br />
<br />
Negation is formed by adding ɟu and is mostly used for adjectives and verbs. In Naktap it's used in verbs to form inverted meaning, like "to tie" to "to untie" and particle being used before the word else. In Semi for inverted meanings descendant of *ɟuden is reconstruced, probably related to *bemibden "front, face" <br />
Other suffixes can also be reconstructed:<br />
<br />
Nominalization: *sic<br />
<br />
Person related to a word (not always an Agentive): *nak, shortening of *naktap "person"</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Naktap-Semi&diff=457412
Proto-Naktap-Semi
2025-06-11T13:37:45Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created page with "{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;" |+caption | Consonant phonemes |- ! colspan="1" rowspan="1" | ! rowspan="1" | Labial ! colspan="1" | Dental ! colspan="1" | Palatal ! colspan="1" | Velar |- |- style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="1" | Nasal | *m | *n | *ɲ | |- style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="1" | Stop | *p *pʰ *b | *t *tʰ *d | *c *cʰ *ɟ | *k *kʰ *ɡ |- style="text-align:center;" ! rowspan="1" | Fricative | | *s | | |} ==Grammar== Similar..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| *n<br />
| *ɲ<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p *pʰ *b<br />
| *t *tʰ *d<br />
| *c *cʰ *ɟ<br />
| *k *kʰ *ɡ<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Fricative<br />
|<br />
| *s<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Similar to it's descendants Proto-Naktap-Semi had SOV, Head-final word order. Instead of using suffixes like it's desxendants it uses particles. Plural particle *tʰə put after case particles can be reconstructed. Proto-Naktap-Semi had following cases:<br />
*Nominative: unmarked<br />
*Accusative: *əɲtʰə<br />
*Genetive: *eka<br />
*Dative: *məɟ<br />
*Ablative *apta<br />
*Locative *kʰan<br />
*Lative: *pesi<br />
*Instrumental: *kuba<br />
Verb particles are put in this order:<br />
<br />
Verb Valency Voice Tense Aspect Mood<br />
<br />
Only Valency-changing suffix is Causative *pʰəɟ. Only mood is Conditional kʰaca. Two voices are reconstructed: Passive *ənəɟi and Reflexive (also known by Naktap-Semi linguistsas "Middle") *aba. Tense system is similar to those found in it's descendants:<br />
* Recent Past: *aɡətʰ<br />
* Distant Past: *muɡus<br />
* Hesterial Past (Yesterday): *sibi<br />
* Nonpast: *pʰe<br />
* Hodiernal (Today): *kicʰi<br />
* Crastinal Future (Tomorrow): *kibi<br />
<br />
Negation is formed by adding ɟu and is mostly used for adjectives and verbs. In Naktap it's used in verbs to form inverted meaning, like "to tie" to "to untie" and particle being used before the word else. In Semi for inverted meanings descendant of *ɟuden is reconstruced, probably related to *bemibden "front, face" <br />
Other suffixes can also be reconstructed:<br />
<br />
Nominalization: *sic<br />
<br />
Person related to a word (not always an Agentive): *nak, shortening of *naktap "person"</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Category:Naktap-Semi_languages&diff=457411
Category:Naktap-Semi languages
2025-06-11T13:04:28Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created blank page</p>
<hr />
<div></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Naktap-Semi_langauges&diff=457410
Naktap-Semi langauges
2025-06-11T13:03:14Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created page with "{{Infobox language family | creator = Chuvachok1234 | name = Most of the Western continent and northernmost part of Southern continent | family = One of the world's primary language families | protoname = Proto-Naktap-Semi | map = Naktap-Semi_with_names.png | mapsize = 280px | child1 = Naktap | child2 = Semi }} Naktap-Semi langauges are one of the most spoken language families in the world and is native to the most of Wester..."</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Most of the Western continent and northernmost part of Southern continent <br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Naktap-Semi]]<br />
| map = Naktap-Semi_with_names.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| child1 = [[Naktap languages|Naktap]]<br />
| child2 = [[Semi languages|Semi]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Naktap-Semi langauges are one of the most spoken language families in the world and is native to the most of Western continent.<br />
<br />
==Family features==<br />
* No grammatical gender<br />
* SOV, Head-final order<br />
* Case system<br />
* Absence of r/l distinction in most languages, with /r/ being the most common, although origins of it differ in Naktap and Semi branches<br />
<br />
[[Category:Language families]] [[Category:Naktap-Semi languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Naktap-Semi_with_names.png&diff=457409
File:Naktap-Semi with names.png
2025-06-11T12:53:10Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Distibrution of Naktap-Semi langauges during early 19th ceuntury</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
Distibrution of Naktap-Semi langauges during early 19th ceuntury</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:The_Lord%27s_Prayer&diff=372590
Literature:The Lord's Prayer
2024-07-05T09:23:00Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Tarpă */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Library translation sidebar}}<br />
{{ombox<br />
|type = book<br />
|text = The Lord's Prayer is a [[w:Christianity|Christian]] prayer, originally written in [[w:Koiné Greek|Koiné Greek]], of which there are two versions.<br />
}}<br />
{{List translations}}<br />
{{Text translation widget}}<br />
==English==<br />
===Matthew 6:9–13===<br />
====[[wikipedia:Authorized King James Version|King James Version]] (1611)====<br />
9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.<br />
<br />
<!-- Categories --><br />
[[Category:Translation exercises]]<br />
[[Category:Religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Cwengâr]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Cwengâr]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Fén Ghír]]<br />
[[Category:Netagin religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Netagin]]<br />
[[Category:Ris]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Ris]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Themsarian]]<br />
[[Category:Themsarian religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Valian]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Ạnglic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Maryan Coptic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Soc'ul']]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Guimin]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Luthic]]<br />
<br />
==Cwengâr==<br />
*Â ês nàl,<br />
<br />
*te rhà pemoc c’hŷn,<br />
*tebogw rhà ngŷtyn nâr,<br />
*tenârh rhà mad,<br />
*cwâ âr êrhô cwed.<br />
<br />
*Pelârh rhà gôl ês nanyr dô ês,<br />
*ô fogwên rhà ês dulh ês môlyn,<br />
*o fogwên ês edaf te bôlyn dulh ês,<br />
*ô acwêgw rhà ês dô fôlyn,<br />
<br />
*Cwârh Du.<br />
==Fén Ghír==<br />
<center><br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! Fén Ghír Translation !! English version</noinclude><br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>Dí ba Ál,<br />
Té bér cór re ba femoc,<br />
Bhé thé re cúdinír,<br />
Bhé thír re med,<br />
Cór ír cun céd,<br />
Bél gal thenír do dí me re.<br />
On fogun di ba írona me re,<br />
fogun étábh bhé dhén írona cór dí me ítábh me dí.<br />
En gar dí ce med.<br />
Té ít.<br />
</poem><br />
| <poem>Our Father in heaven,<br />
hallowed be your name.<br />
Your kingdom come,<br />
your will be done,<br />
on earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
Give us this day our daily bread,<br />
and forgive us our debts,<br />
as we also have forgiven our debtors.<br />
And lead us not into temptation,<br />
but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
</center><br />
==Netagin==<br />
===Matai 6:9-13===<br />
====ˀÁthái nˀAbáh====<br />
<center>{{Heb|ט׳ אַנָּא הַבְרָא קַצֻומַן הַדָּ֬ם: אָתָי אַ֬בָּה מֲּצָרוֹ, אָנָי גֲּ֬תִילָה אִךְ וַלְּטַנִּיבֻוןּ׃}}<br/><br />
9 ''ˀAnnáˀ habhráˀ qhattzúmhan ha-ndámh: ˀÁthái nˀAbáh matzáró, ˀÁnái ngathíláh ˀich fhalleṭhanníbhúnn.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.NOM therefore pray/TRANS-IMP FOC-so: 1PL.GEN father-HON.SG.DIR heaven-SG.LOC, 2PL.GEN name-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-holy/TRANS-AFF.ATEL-PLACT}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|י׳ אָנָי תִּ֬פְזֻומָה אִךְ עָנַן. אָנָי בֲּ֬טִיסָה אִךְ וַלְּיַגִּיתַןּ, שִירְיוֹ שִב מֲּצָרוֹ׃}}<br/><br />
10 ''ˀÁnái dtiphzúmháh ˀich ˁánan. ˀÁnái mbaṭhísáh ˀich fhalleyagíthann, širyó šibh matzáró.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.GEN reign-HON.SG.DIR OPT come-IMP. 2PL.GEN will-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-follow/TRANS-AFF.TEL-PLACT, earth.INAN.SG.LOC as heaven-INAN.SG.LOC}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יא׳ אָתָי עַ֬שְלֵךְ דֲּבָחֵךְ הֵגְתָּן דִּיתִיב׃}}<br/><br />
11 ''ˀÁthái nˁašléch dabháḥéch héghtán díthíbh.''<br/><br />
{{small|1PL.GEN bread-INAN.SG.INS regular-INAN.SG.INS provide/TRANS-1PL-IMP today}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יב׳ בַּר כֲּשַנְתָּן אָתָי קַּ֬זְחָי, הֵן הֲאַדָּא שִב תְּכַשְנֻוןּ אָתָי מְּקַזְחֵהּ׃}}<br/><br />
12 ''Bar kašantán ˀáthái gqazḥái, hén ha-ˀadáˀ šibh techašnúnn ˀáthái meqhazḥéhh.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ absolve-1PL-IMP 1PL.GEN sin.INAN.PL.GEN, TAG.Q TOP 1PL.NOM as (1,3)-absolve-ATEL.AFF-PLACT 1PL.GEN sinner-PL.DIR}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יג׳ בַּר נֻור אִ֬צְחַדָּן פִּן פֲסִירוֹ , אֶת פֲקַמְתָּן תַּל מְסִירִיםּ׃}}<br/><br />
13 ''Bar núr nˀitzḥadán pin phasíró, ˀeth phaqhamhtán tal mhesírím.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ PROH go/CAUS-1PL-IMP toward temptation-INAN.SG.LOC, rather save-1PL-IMP from NOMZ-evil-AN.SG.GEN}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|אָמֵן׃}}<br/><br />
''Ámhén.''<br />
</center><br />
==[[Ris]]==<br />
===Matheos 6:9-13===<br />
====Byblous ri (2013-08-18)====<br />
9 ''Au mnēnou quera tēmbrana: Atēroumena hēna a ignou, annō hei inygnistizoui.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Astoumēna enou inantoui, quēmas enou anounatou inistizoui na igni.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Pāni ameri au amerou oui trāni.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ia mnīnis rai nesthērmou our, ia mnīnoster rai nesthērmouri antēri.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ia men our ouanis antamai, ni our natērri ouani: cas astoumēna, ia testa, ia agani nesagna hei inina.''<br />
==Tarpă==<br />
upka nana satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttaka kĕpĕkse satpïsnakuku<br />
<br />
jăttaka cimirtĕpĕt ujmăsku<br />
<br />
jăttaka ĕmpi kĕkkesken ămpa kăttu satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttu upïjtï upka kĕttükniki emkümi kapa kapa<br />
<br />
iv upka pĕvüttecïjtï rumcu rumcu kăttu up upka pĕvüttecsĕśtĕ rumcumus<br />
<br />
iv aśtajsïră pĕśü pĕśü<br />
<br />
mĕ upïjtï utïsïcatta uma uma<br />
<br />
==Themsarian==<br />
===Matthái 6:9–D===<br />
'''Tússáry Chàemyr'''<br />
<br />
9 ''Toríð mḗr tússals: Anéttam rin di bílzār, ā́themaremá vélis.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Riedisá achráttarys. Réħaremá srétinys, thā di lùovār had di bílzār.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Capsinnieðátham mī̀dam nìeðārmī́.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ie mrínām burrántam, had laujám mrínámi vo burralíuovam.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ie ham dóimánām det cadrȳ́thār, nesi sténteam gil vā́gyr. Āmḗn/Ħḗr vā́chmá.''<br />
<br />
==Valian==<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! English<br />
! Greek<br />
! Valian<br />
! Retranslation<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|<poem>9 προσεύχεσθε οὖν οὕτως Πάτερ ὁ οὐρανοῖς ἁγιασθήτω ὄνομα<br />
10 βασιλεία ἐλθέτω θέλημα γενηθήτω γῆς οὐρανῷ<br />
11 δὸς σήμερον ἐπιούσιον ἄρτον<br />
12 ἄφες ὀφειλήματα καὶ ἀφήκαμεν ὀφειλέταις<br />
13 εἰσενέγκῃς πειρασμόν ῥῦσαι πονηροῦ</poem><br />
|<poem>9 (…)Tormitän, rändaka vilyain, taevassed nennikä.<br />
10 Tuleikä meelestina, sälassed haryaikä, së oledü sëkui vilyain.<br />
11 Lahetun peigi vëi minnatän peik.<br />
12 Kevatunast viiremmetän, kui kävataan veireahitän.<br />
13 Tahalyatunast saa vanammeah, vëlia palgatun ää uramma</poem><br />
|<poem>9 Father our, who lives in clouds, be thy name made holy<br />
10 May thy kingdom come, thy will be carried out, on earth as on clouds<br />
11 Give us our daily bread<br />
12 And forgive our transgressions, as we forgive theirs<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil<br />
</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ạnglic ==<br />
<br />
Vure fạder hẹfnes,<br />
<br />
þiġne nama halgġed vys.<br />
<br />
ġecuma þiġne doṁ,<br />
<br />
ġevėrþa þiġne vill ġedȯn,<br />
<br />
Sva hẹfn ufan, sva under in ẹrþ. <br />
<br />
Vusum ġiġfa vantende brẹd,<br />
<br />
Nd vusum forġifa sve ve forġif'þ.<br />
<br />
Nd vusum ne lạda lust,<br />
<br />
ac ạf ẏfel nerġ'a vus.<br />
<br />
For þiġne be þe dȯm, þe afol, þe ṛoþ,<br />
<br />
For ȧ ymb ȧ nd on.<br />
<br />
Sȯþ<br />
<br />
== Maryan Coptic ==<br />
<br />
===Coptic script===<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲒⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲪⲏⳣⲉ, ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲩⲃⲟ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ. ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⳣⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲪⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲔⲁϩⲉ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛ̀ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙⲏⲓⲉϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲫⲟⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲭⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ, ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁϩⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ, ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲱⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲱⲩ, ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
===Latin script===<br />
<br />
Ce penJôt etxen nePhêwe, mareftubo ce pekran.<br />
<br />
Maresi ce tekmeturo. Marefshôpe ce pekwôsh n’rête xen tePhe nem hicen peKahe.<br />
<br />
Penôik n’raste mêjef nan m’phou.<br />
<br />
Woh khaten ebol n’nennobe, n’rête tenkha ebol nêeternobe eron.<br />
<br />
Woh empertahten exun pepeirasmos, alla nahmen ebolha pehôu.<br />
<br />
Ce thôk te temeturo nem tecom nem peôu, shaeneh. Amên.<br />
<br />
== Brithenig ==<br />
<br />
Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo gel:<br />
<br />
sia senghid tew nôn:<br />
<br />
gwein tew rheon:<br />
<br />
sia ffaeth tew wolont,<br />
<br />
syrs lla der sig i llo gel.<br />
<br />
Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;<br />
<br />
e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,<br />
<br />
si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechadur.<br />
<br />
E ngheidd rhen di nu in ill temp di drial,<br />
<br />
mai llifr nu di'll mal.<br />
<br />
Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew,<br />
<br />
per segl e segl. Amen.<br />
<br />
== Wenedyk ==<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Potrze nostry, kwały jesz en czałór, sąciewkaty si twej numię.'' <br /><br />
''Owień twej rzeń.'' <br /><br />
''Foca si twa włątać, komód en czału szyk i sur cierze.'' <br /><br />
''Da nów odzej nostry pań kocidzany.'' <br /><br />
''I dziemieć nów nostrze dziewta, komód i nu dziemiećmy świew dziewtorzew.'' <br /><br />
''I nie endycz nosz en ciętaceń, uta liwra nosz dzie mału.'' <br /><br />
''Nąk twie są rzeń i pociestać i głurza, o siąprz. Amen.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Lifashian==<br />
'''sunesfer Matayé, 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
9 ''ng hele salótam mulúy: Faté nósso mey tyám tangirám, sumulút lónami tuso estu.''<br/><br />
10 ''Malkútá tusá benótu, part hweyjá tusá estu, ha Dejehi marw mey tyám tangirám.''<br/><br />
11 ''Lelú onsyém syihámrey tom nangtom isehámorsyátam.''<br/><br />
12 ''Barfe syelá nostá marw gis barfamas letá syeltéluwi nossós.''<br/><br />
13 ''Ng mé farbere nó ha tassyá farétiyors, hand hótarp nó hó tom huwepom. Amín.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
== Avendonian ==<br />
<poem>Fadre nosde ci bis en el Celo,<br />
elageto si el name tede.<br />
El cuningricio tede cume.<br />
Si dueto el vile tede,<br />
en la Erda, ca bi en el Celo.<br />
Geva nos, en eco dago, el broto dagico nosde;<br />
e pergeva nos le sundie nosde<br />
ca vi pergevamos si ce sunden contra nos.<br />
E ne lede-nos en la persucitio,<br />
sed defriie nos d'el uvilo.<br />
Amen.</poem><br />
<br />
== [[Cumbraek]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>An Pader</big>'''<br />
<br />
An Tat essidh in er Nev <br><br />
Bit seyth de anuw <br><br />
Dowet de diarnas <br><br />
Bit gwrayth de vodh <br><br />
War dhaer mal in er Nev <br><br />
Rodh an bara pownidhol dun hedhiw <br><br />
A madhow an gleedow <br><br />
Mal e madhowen an gleedwir <br><br />
A na thuwis ni du dentot <br><br />
Eythir gwaret ni rak maloonder <br><br />
Is tow er Diarnas <br><br />
Er cuvoyth a’r gogonyant <br> <br />
In ais aissow <br> <br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Bźatga]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Ara Aḑir</big>'''<br />
<br />
Ara aḑir eśa e neuzda <br><br />
Ta ava rănovaudore <br><br />
Ta źiso rădaude <br><br />
Ta aula răvreidore <br><br />
Saule vor auĺuzda saule e neuzda <br><br />
Ara barva ḑila rădadetu pa zna <br><br />
Dec ara côĺi rećlugdetu <br><br />
Saule côĺi a ara nauteḑi ĕćlugdeźńi <br><br />
Dec źńi rănvezatu pa caśredu <br><br />
Ećra źńi răvredatu vret valu <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Norþimris|Northimris]]==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Þt Dreet Beid</big>'''<br />
<br />
Uur Faðer at is in hefen <br><br />
Halud siy ðiy neam <br><br />
Ðiy cinric becum <br><br />
Ðiy wil wurð deon <br><br />
On erd auṡ in hefen <br><br />
Gie uss uur deylie leaff todey <br><br />
An fergie uss uur scilds <br><br />
Auṡ wie fergie uur scildiers <br><br />
Leid not uss til costing <br><br />
Auh free uss frea il <br><br />
Þiyn is 't cinric an 't meyn an 't wuuder, for-ea <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== Soc'ul' ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Cuoj Cé he, āhaíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
<br />
'''Añ'xíc'adjíaxiý Taitu nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíjíý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
<br />
'''Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
<br />
'''Corxec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
<br />
'''Corur ez'e ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
<br />
'''Cual sehur āhharñuyt'euz'i.<br />
<br />
'''Corajïax yabur je,<br />
<br />
'''Nezi corjey cudix xen'e.<br />
<br />
'''Un' je āhaíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
<br />
'''Céux, ez'e cualjí,<br />
<br />
'''Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
<br />
'''Amen.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cuoj Cé he, āh-aíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
|VOC father 1.INAL REL-COP.CL1>CL1 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Añ'-xíc'ad-jí-ax-iý Taitu nej.<br />
|CL4>CL4-holy-ADJ.VBZ-CAUS-PASS name 2.INAL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-ñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
|CL2>CL2-come province 2.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-jí-ý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
|CL2>CL2-do-PASS NZ want earth at<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
|as COP.CL5>CL5 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-xec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
|2>1-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM day bread.PL day 1.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ur ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
|2>1-forgive debt 1.PASS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual seh-ur āh-har-ñuyt'eu-z'i.<br />
|as 1>CL1-forgive REL-CL2>1-debt-VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ajïax yabur je,<br />
|2>1-lead tempt to<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Nezi cor-jey cudix xen'e.<br />
|{not ... but} 2>1-bring evil {far from}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Un' je āh-aíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
|COP.CL5>CL5 for REL-COP.CL1>CL1 {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} 2.POSS province<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Céux, ez'e cual-jí,<br />
|power NZ good-ADJ.VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
|{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} forever REDUP<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Amen.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Chiingimec ==<br />
<poem style="font-family: 'Cambria', sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: start;">Шӯмляц кужо̄̆мо̆с<br />
бышэлцо̆ лэ̆ца̄мэгэ̆ш<br />
ассо̆цо̆нцо̆ рүтөго̆ш<br />
ніүрӈдо̆цо̆ налпмэго̆ш<br />
шӯмляц до̆з джо̄зляц<br />
тэ̆вэ̄м ухушуляц о̆к оджүцү̄ухушушджа ніэ̆вза бэ̄̆чэ̆гэ̆рэ̄<br />
уджа̄нӈо̆күб мүліү̄ о̄рбү̄<br />
пө̄на хӀӯсуфэ̄̆ гурөшү̄рбү̄<br />
Амын</poem><br />
<br />
== Guimin ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Пӏыътӏсәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏинэ,<br />
<br />
'''ниминсы тӏо ыъттӏкьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
<br />
'''Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏкьи,<br />
<br />
'''кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏәкьи онччинэ,<br />
<br />
'''сәсы сәмә̄ӏинэ.<br />
<br />
'''Ро̄чӏикӏәм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄мэ.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым борджисәд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
<br />
'''вӣ борджчӏа̄сәрисәд сәм тинэнтӏычӏәсы гъәфар.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым ӏигъырдэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
<br />
'''мин ю̄ътӏ пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄шмәд имтӏуъ:<br />
<br />
'''Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәънэ̄сы,<br />
<br />
'''гьу мигъисы, гьу гьвәрнәсы әттӏ,<br />
<br />
'''я̄вэ̄д.<br />
<br />
'''А̄мэ̄н.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Пӏыътӏ-сәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏ-инэ,<br />
|father-SG.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} DEM heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|ним-инсы тӏо ыъттӏ-кьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
|name.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 2SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} be.PFV.NPST.N.SG-SUBJ holy<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏ-кьи,<br />
|kingdom 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} start.PFV.PRES.F.SG-SUBJ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏә-кьи ончч-инэ,<br />
|wish 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} do.PFV.PASS.N.SG-SUBJ earth-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|сә-сы сәмә̄ӏ-инэ.<br />
|DEM-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ро̄чӏикӏ-әм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄м-э.<br />
|sustenance-PL.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT give.PFV.IMP.M.PL DEM day-LOC<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым бордж-ис-әд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS debt-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.PFV.IMP.N.SG forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|вӣ бордж-чӏа̄-сәрис-әд сәм тинэнтӏ-чӏ-әсы гъәфар.<br />
|{{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ERG debt-AG-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.PL-GER-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым ӏигъыр-дэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS temptation-LAT PROH take.PFV.IMP.M.PL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|{мин ю̄ътӏ} пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄ш-м-әд имтӏуъ:<br />
|but save {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT evil-NZ-ABL take.PFV.IMP.M.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәън-э̄сы,<br />
|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} because DEM 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} kingdom-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|гьу мигъ-исы, гьу гьвәрн-әсы әттӏ,<br />
|and power-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and glory-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.IPFV.NPST.F.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|я̄вэ̄д.<br />
|forever<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|А̄мэ̄н.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Kaikiwan ==<br />
<br />
'''Mateiu 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<small>'''9'''</small> ''Wá kelo-ō, itana sáwa-ō: tèo-na Pa‘pā<br>tona ìn itani-ō, sáwa-na nā‘ma ā‘itana.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''10'''</small> ''Sáwa-na imuwiká wá ena‘a. Sáwa i‘kitikina<br>‘na itela-ō ‘na itani.''<br />
<br><br><br />
<small>'''11'''</small> ''Yaká wá ito tèo-ō tèo-na iki‘i pán.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''12'''</small> ''Waka nati‘ka tèo-tò tèo-na isikiti, ‘na tèo nati‘ka tèo-na isikitonai.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''13'''</small> ''Waka īpi imu‘kea tèo kùkù-tò, kài ni‘ipig-na kawéka tèo. Sa‘āk sáwa ìn imuwiká, waka kitik kao ka‘pá‘ā igini‘pò. Āmen.''<br />
<br />
==Luthic==<br />
<poem><br />
Faðar unsar, þû hemeno,<br />
Veiða lata namno þeino;<br />
La þiuðanagarda þeina qemit;<br />
Lo veglano þeino taugiat;<br />
Svasve hemeno ed ana aerþa.<br />
Il claefu qotidianu unsar gevâ unse oggi,<br />
Ed afletâ las unsaras colpas,<br />
Svasve afletamos þos ei, colpanno unsis;<br />
E non letare unse in tentazione<br />
Ac frieau unse da mala.<br />
Faur þuc ist þiuðanagarda,<br />
E la forza, la volþa,<br />
Faur saecla saecloro. Amen.<br />
</poem></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=369565
Old Ynju
2024-05-30T11:22:44Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Nouns */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png|250px]] "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant, which isn't written in Old Mittaalo-Tenghinic Script. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
===Romanisation===<br />
[ø] is oe, [y] is y, long vowels are doubled, [t͡ʃ] and [ʃ] are c and š<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Nouns have following cases:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: -but<br><br />
Locative: -gul<br><br />
Dative: -wa<br><br />
Lative: -lak<br><br />
Instrumental: -lyy<br><br />
Comitative: -sfi<br><br />
Genetive: -ca<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -gus after case suffix. For Accusative and Lative, last consonant is removed and -gus becomes -kkus Nominalisation is by adding suffix -li with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Old Ynju, like other Mittaali languages lacks infinitive. Imperative is formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -gu, which also modifies certain vowel before it:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Before !! After<br />
|-<br />
| a < *a || u<br />
|-<br />
| o < *wa || wu<br />
|-<br />
| i < *i || a<br />
|-<br />
| e < *ja || y<br />
|-<br />
| y < *wi || o<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *iwja || yː<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ajwa || eːwu<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ujwa || yːwu<br />
|-<br />
| yː < *ujwi || øː<br />
|}<br />
Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -gut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lja<br>Future: -cu<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -mu with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:The_Lord%27s_Prayer&diff=369563
Literature:The Lord's Prayer
2024-05-30T10:47:41Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Tarpă */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Library translation sidebar}}<br />
{{ombox<br />
|type = book<br />
|text = The Lord's Prayer is a [[w:Christianity|Christian]] prayer, originally written in [[w:Koiné Greek|Koiné Greek]], of which there are two versions.<br />
}}<br />
{{List translations}}<br />
{{Text translation widget}}<br />
==English==<br />
===Matthew 6:9–13===<br />
====[[wikipedia:Authorized King James Version|King James Version]] (1611)====<br />
9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.<br />
<br />
<!-- Categories --><br />
[[Category:Translation exercises]]<br />
[[Category:Religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Cwengâr]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Cwengâr]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Fén Ghír]]<br />
[[Category:Netagin religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Netagin]]<br />
[[Category:Ris]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Ris]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Themsarian]]<br />
[[Category:Themsarian religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Valian]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Ạnglic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Maryan Coptic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Soc'ul']]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Guimin]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Luthic]]<br />
<br />
==Cwengâr==<br />
*Â ês nàl,<br />
<br />
*te rhà pemoc c’hŷn,<br />
*tebogw rhà ngŷtyn nâr,<br />
*tenârh rhà mad,<br />
*cwâ âr êrhô cwed.<br />
<br />
*Pelârh rhà gôl ês nanyr dô ês,<br />
*ô fogwên rhà ês dulh ês môlyn,<br />
*o fogwên ês edaf te bôlyn dulh ês,<br />
*ô acwêgw rhà ês dô fôlyn,<br />
<br />
*Cwârh Du.<br />
==Fén Ghír==<br />
<center><br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! Fén Ghír Translation !! English version</noinclude><br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>Dí ba Ál,<br />
Té bér cór re ba femoc,<br />
Bhé thé re cúdinír,<br />
Bhé thír re med,<br />
Cór ír cun céd,<br />
Bél gal thenír do dí me re.<br />
On fogun di ba írona me re,<br />
fogun étábh bhé dhén írona cór dí me ítábh me dí.<br />
En gar dí ce med.<br />
Té ít.<br />
</poem><br />
| <poem>Our Father in heaven,<br />
hallowed be your name.<br />
Your kingdom come,<br />
your will be done,<br />
on earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
Give us this day our daily bread,<br />
and forgive us our debts,<br />
as we also have forgiven our debtors.<br />
And lead us not into temptation,<br />
but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
</center><br />
==Netagin==<br />
===Matai 6:9-13===<br />
====ˀÁthái nˀAbáh====<br />
<center>{{Heb|ט׳ אַנָּא הַבְרָא קַצֻומַן הַדָּ֬ם: אָתָי אַ֬בָּה מֲּצָרוֹ, אָנָי גֲּ֬תִילָה אִךְ וַלְּטַנִּיבֻוןּ׃}}<br/><br />
9 ''ˀAnnáˀ habhráˀ qhattzúmhan ha-ndámh: ˀÁthái nˀAbáh matzáró, ˀÁnái ngathíláh ˀich fhalleṭhanníbhúnn.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.NOM therefore pray/TRANS-IMP FOC-so: 1PL.GEN father-HON.SG.DIR heaven-SG.LOC, 2PL.GEN name-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-holy/TRANS-AFF.ATEL-PLACT}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|י׳ אָנָי תִּ֬פְזֻומָה אִךְ עָנַן. אָנָי בֲּ֬טִיסָה אִךְ וַלְּיַגִּיתַןּ, שִירְיוֹ שִב מֲּצָרוֹ׃}}<br/><br />
10 ''ˀÁnái dtiphzúmháh ˀich ˁánan. ˀÁnái mbaṭhísáh ˀich fhalleyagíthann, širyó šibh matzáró.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.GEN reign-HON.SG.DIR OPT come-IMP. 2PL.GEN will-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-follow/TRANS-AFF.TEL-PLACT, earth.INAN.SG.LOC as heaven-INAN.SG.LOC}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יא׳ אָתָי עַ֬שְלֵךְ דֲּבָחֵךְ הֵגְתָּן דִּיתִיב׃}}<br/><br />
11 ''ˀÁthái nˁašléch dabháḥéch héghtán díthíbh.''<br/><br />
{{small|1PL.GEN bread-INAN.SG.INS regular-INAN.SG.INS provide/TRANS-1PL-IMP today}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יב׳ בַּר כֲּשַנְתָּן אָתָי קַּ֬זְחָי, הֵן הֲאַדָּא שִב תְּכַשְנֻוןּ אָתָי מְּקַזְחֵהּ׃}}<br/><br />
12 ''Bar kašantán ˀáthái gqazḥái, hén ha-ˀadáˀ šibh techašnúnn ˀáthái meqhazḥéhh.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ absolve-1PL-IMP 1PL.GEN sin.INAN.PL.GEN, TAG.Q TOP 1PL.NOM as (1,3)-absolve-ATEL.AFF-PLACT 1PL.GEN sinner-PL.DIR}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יג׳ בַּר נֻור אִ֬צְחַדָּן פִּן פֲסִירוֹ , אֶת פֲקַמְתָּן תַּל מְסִירִיםּ׃}}<br/><br />
13 ''Bar núr nˀitzḥadán pin phasíró, ˀeth phaqhamhtán tal mhesírím.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ PROH go/CAUS-1PL-IMP toward temptation-INAN.SG.LOC, rather save-1PL-IMP from NOMZ-evil-AN.SG.GEN}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|אָמֵן׃}}<br/><br />
''Ámhén.''<br />
</center><br />
==[[Ris]]==<br />
===Matheos 6:9-13===<br />
====Byblous ri (2013-08-18)====<br />
9 ''Au mnēnou quera tēmbrana: Atēroumena hēna a ignou, annō hei inygnistizoui.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Astoumēna enou inantoui, quēmas enou anounatou inistizoui na igni.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Pāni ameri au amerou oui trāni.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ia mnīnis rai nesthērmou our, ia mnīnoster rai nesthērmouri antēri.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ia men our ouanis antamai, ni our natērri ouani: cas astoumēna, ia testa, ia agani nesagna hei inina.''<br />
==Tarpă==<br />
upka ana satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttaka kĕpĕkse satpïsnakuku<br />
<br />
jăttaka cimirtĕpĕt ujmăsku<br />
<br />
jăttaka ĕmpi kĕkkesken ămpa kăttu satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttu upïjtï upka kĕttükniki emkümi kapa kapa<br />
<br />
iv upka pĕvüttecïjtï rumcu rumcu kăttu up upka pĕvüttecsĕśtĕ rumcumus<br />
<br />
iv aśtajsïră pĕśü pĕśü<br />
<br />
mĕ upïjtï utïsïcatta uma uma<br />
<br />
==Themsarian==<br />
===Matthái 6:9–D===<br />
'''Tússáry Chàemyr'''<br />
<br />
9 ''Toríð mḗr tússals: Anéttam rin di bílzār, ā́themaremá vélis.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Riedisá achráttarys. Réħaremá srétinys, thā di lùovār had di bílzār.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Capsinnieðátham mī̀dam nìeðārmī́.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ie mrínām burrántam, had laujám mrínámi vo burralíuovam.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ie ham dóimánām det cadrȳ́thār, nesi sténteam gil vā́gyr. Āmḗn/Ħḗr vā́chmá.''<br />
<br />
==Valian==<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! English<br />
! Greek<br />
! Valian<br />
! Retranslation<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|<poem>9 προσεύχεσθε οὖν οὕτως Πάτερ ὁ οὐρανοῖς ἁγιασθήτω ὄνομα<br />
10 βασιλεία ἐλθέτω θέλημα γενηθήτω γῆς οὐρανῷ<br />
11 δὸς σήμερον ἐπιούσιον ἄρτον<br />
12 ἄφες ὀφειλήματα καὶ ἀφήκαμεν ὀφειλέταις<br />
13 εἰσενέγκῃς πειρασμόν ῥῦσαι πονηροῦ</poem><br />
|<poem>9 (…)Tormitän, rändaka vilyain, taevassed nennikä.<br />
10 Tuleikä meelestina, sälassed haryaikä, së oledü sëkui vilyain.<br />
11 Lahetun peigi vëi minnatän peik.<br />
12 Kevatunast viiremmetän, kui kävataan veireahitän.<br />
13 Tahalyatunast saa vanammeah, vëlia palgatun ää uramma</poem><br />
|<poem>9 Father our, who lives in clouds, be thy name made holy<br />
10 May thy kingdom come, thy will be carried out, on earth as on clouds<br />
11 Give us our daily bread<br />
12 And forgive our transgressions, as we forgive theirs<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil<br />
</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ạnglic ==<br />
<br />
Vure fạder hẹfnes,<br />
<br />
þiġne nama halgġed vys.<br />
<br />
ġecuma þiġne doṁ,<br />
<br />
ġevėrþa þiġne vill ġedȯn,<br />
<br />
Sva hẹfn ufan, sva under in ẹrþ. <br />
<br />
Vusum ġiġfa vantende brẹd,<br />
<br />
Nd vusum forġifa sve ve forġif'þ.<br />
<br />
Nd vusum ne lạda lust,<br />
<br />
ac ạf ẏfel nerġ'a vus.<br />
<br />
For þiġne be þe dȯm, þe afol, þe ṛoþ,<br />
<br />
For ȧ ymb ȧ nd on.<br />
<br />
Sȯþ<br />
<br />
== Maryan Coptic ==<br />
<br />
===Coptic script===<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲒⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲪⲏⳣⲉ, ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲩⲃⲟ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ. ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⳣⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲪⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲔⲁϩⲉ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛ̀ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙⲏⲓⲉϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲫⲟⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲭⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ, ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁϩⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ, ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲱⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲱⲩ, ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
===Latin script===<br />
<br />
Ce penJôt etxen nePhêwe, mareftubo ce pekran.<br />
<br />
Maresi ce tekmeturo. Marefshôpe ce pekwôsh n’rête xen tePhe nem hicen peKahe.<br />
<br />
Penôik n’raste mêjef nan m’phou.<br />
<br />
Woh khaten ebol n’nennobe, n’rête tenkha ebol nêeternobe eron.<br />
<br />
Woh empertahten exun pepeirasmos, alla nahmen ebolha pehôu.<br />
<br />
Ce thôk te temeturo nem tecom nem peôu, shaeneh. Amên.<br />
<br />
== Brithenig ==<br />
<br />
Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo gel:<br />
<br />
sia senghid tew nôn:<br />
<br />
gwein tew rheon:<br />
<br />
sia ffaeth tew wolont,<br />
<br />
syrs lla der sig i llo gel.<br />
<br />
Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;<br />
<br />
e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,<br />
<br />
si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechadur.<br />
<br />
E ngheidd rhen di nu in ill temp di drial,<br />
<br />
mai llifr nu di'll mal.<br />
<br />
Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew,<br />
<br />
per segl e segl. Amen.<br />
<br />
== Wenedyk ==<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Potrze nostry, kwały jesz en czałór, sąciewkaty si twej numię.'' <br /><br />
''Owień twej rzeń.'' <br /><br />
''Foca si twa włątać, komód en czału szyk i sur cierze.'' <br /><br />
''Da nów odzej nostry pań kocidzany.'' <br /><br />
''I dziemieć nów nostrze dziewta, komód i nu dziemiećmy świew dziewtorzew.'' <br /><br />
''I nie endycz nosz en ciętaceń, uta liwra nosz dzie mału.'' <br /><br />
''Nąk twie są rzeń i pociestać i głurza, o siąprz. Amen.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Lifashian==<br />
'''sunesfer Matayé, 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
9 ''ng hele salótam mulúy: Faté nósso mey tyám tangirám, sumulút lónami tuso estu.''<br/><br />
10 ''Malkútá tusá benótu, part hweyjá tusá estu, ha Dejehi marw mey tyám tangirám.''<br/><br />
11 ''Lelú onsyém syihámrey tom nangtom isehámorsyátam.''<br/><br />
12 ''Barfe syelá nostá marw gis barfamas letá syeltéluwi nossós.''<br/><br />
13 ''Ng mé farbere nó ha tassyá farétiyors, hand hótarp nó hó tom huwepom. Amín.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
== Avendonian ==<br />
<poem>Fadre nosde ci bis en el Celo,<br />
elageto si el name tede.<br />
El cuningricio tede cume.<br />
Si dueto el vile tede,<br />
en la Erda, ca bi en el Celo.<br />
Geva nos, en eco dago, el broto dagico nosde;<br />
e pergeva nos le sundie nosde<br />
ca vi pergevamos si ce sunden contra nos.<br />
E ne lede-nos en la persucitio,<br />
sed defriie nos d'el uvilo.<br />
Amen.</poem><br />
<br />
== [[Cumbraek]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>An Pader</big>'''<br />
<br />
An Tat essidh in er Nev <br><br />
Bit seyth de anuw <br><br />
Dowet de diarnas <br><br />
Bit gwrayth de vodh <br><br />
War dhaer mal in er Nev <br><br />
Rodh an bara pownidhol dun hedhiw <br><br />
A madhow an gleedow <br><br />
Mal e madhowen an gleedwir <br><br />
A na thuwis ni du dentot <br><br />
Eythir gwaret ni rak maloonder <br><br />
Is tow er Diarnas <br><br />
Er cuvoyth a’r gogonyant <br> <br />
In ais aissow <br> <br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Bźatga]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Ara Aḑir</big>'''<br />
<br />
Ara aḑir eśa e neuzda <br><br />
Ta ava rănovaudore <br><br />
Ta źiso rădaude <br><br />
Ta aula răvreidore <br><br />
Saule vor auĺuzda saule e neuzda <br><br />
Ara barva ḑila rădadetu pa zna <br><br />
Dec ara côĺi rećlugdetu <br><br />
Saule côĺi a ara nauteḑi ĕćlugdeźńi <br><br />
Dec źńi rănvezatu pa caśredu <br><br />
Ećra źńi răvredatu vret valu <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Norþimris|Northimris]]==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Þt Dreet Beid</big>'''<br />
<br />
Uur Faðer at is in hefen <br><br />
Halud siy ðiy neam <br><br />
Ðiy cinric becum <br><br />
Ðiy wil wurð deon <br><br />
On erd auṡ in hefen <br><br />
Gie uss uur deylie leaff todey <br><br />
An fergie uss uur scilds <br><br />
Auṡ wie fergie uur scildiers <br><br />
Leid not uss til costing <br><br />
Auh free uss frea il <br><br />
Þiyn is 't cinric an 't meyn an 't wuuder, for-ea <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== Soc'ul' ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Cuoj Cé he, āhaíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
<br />
'''Añ'xíc'adjíaxiý Taitu nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíjíý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
<br />
'''Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
<br />
'''Corxec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
<br />
'''Corur ez'e ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
<br />
'''Cual sehur āhharñuyt'euz'i.<br />
<br />
'''Corajïax yabur je,<br />
<br />
'''Nezi corjey cudix xen'e.<br />
<br />
'''Un' je āhaíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
<br />
'''Céux, ez'e cualjí,<br />
<br />
'''Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
<br />
'''Amen.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cuoj Cé he, āh-aíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
|VOC father 1.INAL REL-COP.CL1>CL1 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Añ'-xíc'ad-jí-ax-iý Taitu nej.<br />
|CL4>CL4-holy-ADJ.VBZ-CAUS-PASS name 2.INAL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-ñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
|CL2>CL2-come province 2.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-jí-ý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
|CL2>CL2-do-PASS NZ want earth at<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
|as COP.CL5>CL5 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-xec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
|2>1-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM day bread.PL day 1.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ur ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
|2>1-forgive debt 1.PASS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual seh-ur āh-har-ñuyt'eu-z'i.<br />
|as 1>CL1-forgive REL-CL2>1-debt-VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ajïax yabur je,<br />
|2>1-lead tempt to<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Nezi cor-jey cudix xen'e.<br />
|{not ... but} 2>1-bring evil {far from}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Un' je āh-aíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
|COP.CL5>CL5 for REL-COP.CL1>CL1 {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} 2.POSS province<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Céux, ez'e cual-jí,<br />
|power NZ good-ADJ.VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
|{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} forever REDUP<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Amen.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Chiingimec ==<br />
<poem style="font-family: 'Cambria', sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: start;">Шӯмляц кужо̄̆мо̆с<br />
бышэлцо̆ лэ̆ца̄мэгэ̆ш<br />
ассо̆цо̆нцо̆ рүтөго̆ш<br />
ніүрӈдо̆цо̆ налпмэго̆ш<br />
шӯмляц до̆з джо̄зляц<br />
тэ̆вэ̄м ухушуляц о̆к оджүцү̄ухушушджа ніэ̆вза бэ̄̆чэ̆гэ̆рэ̄<br />
уджа̄нӈо̆күб мүліү̄ о̄рбү̄<br />
пө̄на хӀӯсуфэ̄̆ гурөшү̄рбү̄<br />
Амын</poem><br />
<br />
== Guimin ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Пӏыътӏсәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏинэ,<br />
<br />
'''ниминсы тӏо ыъттӏкьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
<br />
'''Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏкьи,<br />
<br />
'''кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏәкьи онччинэ,<br />
<br />
'''сәсы сәмә̄ӏинэ.<br />
<br />
'''Ро̄чӏикӏәм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄мэ.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым борджисәд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
<br />
'''вӣ борджчӏа̄сәрисәд сәм тинэнтӏычӏәсы гъәфар.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым ӏигъырдэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
<br />
'''мин ю̄ътӏ пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄шмәд имтӏуъ:<br />
<br />
'''Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәънэ̄сы,<br />
<br />
'''гьу мигъисы, гьу гьвәрнәсы әттӏ,<br />
<br />
'''я̄вэ̄д.<br />
<br />
'''А̄мэ̄н.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Пӏыътӏ-сәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏ-инэ,<br />
|father-SG.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} DEM heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|ним-инсы тӏо ыъттӏ-кьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
|name.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 2SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} be.PFV.NPST.N.SG-SUBJ holy<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏ-кьи,<br />
|kingdom 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} start.PFV.PRES.F.SG-SUBJ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏә-кьи ончч-инэ,<br />
|wish 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} do.PFV.PASS.N.SG-SUBJ earth-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|сә-сы сәмә̄ӏ-инэ.<br />
|DEM-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ро̄чӏикӏ-әм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄м-э.<br />
|sustenance-PL.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT give.PFV.IMP.M.PL DEM day-LOC<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым бордж-ис-әд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS debt-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.PFV.IMP.N.SG forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|вӣ бордж-чӏа̄-сәрис-әд сәм тинэнтӏ-чӏ-әсы гъәфар.<br />
|{{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ERG debt-AG-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.PL-GER-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым ӏигъыр-дэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS temptation-LAT PROH take.PFV.IMP.M.PL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|{мин ю̄ътӏ} пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄ш-м-әд имтӏуъ:<br />
|but save {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT evil-NZ-ABL take.PFV.IMP.M.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәън-э̄сы,<br />
|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} because DEM 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} kingdom-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|гьу мигъ-исы, гьу гьвәрн-әсы әттӏ,<br />
|and power-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and glory-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.IPFV.NPST.F.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|я̄вэ̄д.<br />
|forever<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|А̄мэ̄н.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Kaikiwan ==<br />
<br />
'''Mateiu 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<small>'''9'''</small> ''Wá kelo-ō, itana sáwa-ō: tèo-na Pa‘pā<br>tona ìn itani-ō, sáwa-na nā‘ma ā‘itana.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''10'''</small> ''Sáwa-na imuwiká wá ena‘a. Sáwa i‘kitikina<br>‘na itela-ō ‘na itani.''<br />
<br><br><br />
<small>'''11'''</small> ''Yaká wá ito tèo-ō tèo-na iki‘i pán.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''12'''</small> ''Waka nati‘ka tèo-tò tèo-na isikiti, ‘na tèo nati‘ka tèo-na isikitonai.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''13'''</small> ''Waka īpi imu‘kea tèo kùkù-tò, kài ni‘ipig-na kawéka tèo. Sa‘āk sáwa ìn imuwiká, waka kitik kao ka‘pá‘ā igini‘pò. Āmen.''<br />
<br />
==Luthic==<br />
<poem><br />
Fadar unsar, þû hemenȯ,<br />
Veihida lata namnȯ þeinȯ;<br />
La þiudanagarda þeina qemit;<br />
Lȯ veġlanȯ þeinȯ taugiat;<br />
Svasve hemenȯ ed ana aerþa.<br />
Il claefo qotidiano unsar gevâ unse ogġi,<br />
Ed afletâ las unsaras colpas,<br />
Svasve afletamos þos ei, colpanno unsis;<br />
E non letare unse in tentazione<br />
Ac friehau unse dȧ malȧ.<br />
Faur þuc ist þiudanagardȧ,<br />
E lȧ forzȧ, lȧ gloriȧ,<br />
Faur saecla saecloro. Amen.<br />
</poem></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=369562
Koabi languages
2024-05-30T10:46:26Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Mimi island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = Mimi-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| mapcaption = Map of the Koabi languages Ópi, Hōbe, Kob, Oebi, Kome, Sia, as well as neigbouring Kauke languages<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of island called "Mimi".<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~i<j>so-j and esa~e<j>sa-j<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:The_Lord%27s_Prayer&diff=368597
Literature:The Lord's Prayer
2024-05-10T14:44:26Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* =Tarpă */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Library translation sidebar}}<br />
{{ombox<br />
|type = book<br />
|text = The Lord's Prayer is a [[w:Christianity|Christian]] prayer, originally written in [[w:Koiné Greek|Koiné Greek]], of which there are two versions.<br />
}}<br />
{{List translations}}<br />
{{Text translation widget}}<br />
==English==<br />
===Matthew 6:9–13===<br />
====[[wikipedia:Authorized King James Version|King James Version]] (1611)====<br />
9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.<br />
<br />
<!-- Categories --><br />
[[Category:Translation exercises]]<br />
[[Category:Religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Cwengâr]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Cwengâr]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Fén Ghír]]<br />
[[Category:Netagin religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Netagin]]<br />
[[Category:Ris]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Ris]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Themsarian]]<br />
[[Category:Themsarian religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Valian]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Ạnglic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Maryan Coptic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Soc'ul']]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Guimin]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Luthic]]<br />
<br />
==Cwengâr==<br />
*Â ês nàl,<br />
<br />
*te rhà pemoc c’hŷn,<br />
*tebogw rhà ngŷtyn nâr,<br />
*tenârh rhà mad,<br />
*cwâ âr êrhô cwed.<br />
<br />
*Pelârh rhà gôl ês nanyr dô ês,<br />
*ô fogwên rhà ês dulh ês môlyn,<br />
*o fogwên ês edaf te bôlyn dulh ês,<br />
*ô acwêgw rhà ês dô fôlyn,<br />
<br />
*Cwârh Du.<br />
==Fén Ghír==<br />
<center><br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! Fén Ghír Translation !! English version</noinclude><br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>Dí ba Ál,<br />
Té bér cór re ba femoc,<br />
Bhé thé re cúdinír,<br />
Bhé thír re med,<br />
Cór ír cun céd,<br />
Bél gal thenír do dí me re.<br />
On fogun di ba írona me re,<br />
fogun étábh bhé dhén írona cór dí me ítábh me dí.<br />
En gar dí ce med.<br />
Té ít.<br />
</poem><br />
| <poem>Our Father in heaven,<br />
hallowed be your name.<br />
Your kingdom come,<br />
your will be done,<br />
on earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
Give us this day our daily bread,<br />
and forgive us our debts,<br />
as we also have forgiven our debtors.<br />
And lead us not into temptation,<br />
but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
</center><br />
==Netagin==<br />
===Matai 6:9-13===<br />
====ˀÁthái nˀAbáh====<br />
<center>{{Heb|ט׳ אַנָּא הַבְרָא קַצֻומַן הַדָּ֬ם: אָתָי אַ֬בָּה מֲּצָרוֹ, אָנָי גֲּ֬תִילָה אִךְ וַלְּטַנִּיבֻוןּ׃}}<br/><br />
9 ''ˀAnnáˀ habhráˀ qhattzúmhan ha-ndámh: ˀÁthái nˀAbáh matzáró, ˀÁnái ngathíláh ˀich fhalleṭhanníbhúnn.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.NOM therefore pray/TRANS-IMP FOC-so: 1PL.GEN father-HON.SG.DIR heaven-SG.LOC, 2PL.GEN name-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-holy/TRANS-AFF.ATEL-PLACT}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|י׳ אָנָי תִּ֬פְזֻומָה אִךְ עָנַן. אָנָי בֲּ֬טִיסָה אִךְ וַלְּיַגִּיתַןּ, שִירְיוֹ שִב מֲּצָרוֹ׃}}<br/><br />
10 ''ˀÁnái dtiphzúmháh ˀich ˁánan. ˀÁnái mbaṭhísáh ˀich fhalleyagíthann, širyó šibh matzáró.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.GEN reign-HON.SG.DIR OPT come-IMP. 2PL.GEN will-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-follow/TRANS-AFF.TEL-PLACT, earth.INAN.SG.LOC as heaven-INAN.SG.LOC}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יא׳ אָתָי עַ֬שְלֵךְ דֲּבָחֵךְ הֵגְתָּן דִּיתִיב׃}}<br/><br />
11 ''ˀÁthái nˁašléch dabháḥéch héghtán díthíbh.''<br/><br />
{{small|1PL.GEN bread-INAN.SG.INS regular-INAN.SG.INS provide/TRANS-1PL-IMP today}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יב׳ בַּר כֲּשַנְתָּן אָתָי קַּ֬זְחָי, הֵן הֲאַדָּא שִב תְּכַשְנֻוןּ אָתָי מְּקַזְחֵהּ׃}}<br/><br />
12 ''Bar kašantán ˀáthái gqazḥái, hén ha-ˀadáˀ šibh techašnúnn ˀáthái meqhazḥéhh.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ absolve-1PL-IMP 1PL.GEN sin.INAN.PL.GEN, TAG.Q TOP 1PL.NOM as (1,3)-absolve-ATEL.AFF-PLACT 1PL.GEN sinner-PL.DIR}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יג׳ בַּר נֻור אִ֬צְחַדָּן פִּן פֲסִירוֹ , אֶת פֲקַמְתָּן תַּל מְסִירִיםּ׃}}<br/><br />
13 ''Bar núr nˀitzḥadán pin phasíró, ˀeth phaqhamhtán tal mhesírím.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ PROH go/CAUS-1PL-IMP toward temptation-INAN.SG.LOC, rather save-1PL-IMP from NOMZ-evil-AN.SG.GEN}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|אָמֵן׃}}<br/><br />
''Ámhén.''<br />
</center><br />
==[[Ris]]==<br />
===Matheos 6:9-13===<br />
====Byblous ri (2013-08-18)====<br />
9 ''Au mnēnou quera tēmbrana: Atēroumena hēna a ignou, annō hei inygnistizoui.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Astoumēna enou inantoui, quēmas enou anounatou inistizoui na igni.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Pāni ameri au amerou oui trāni.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ia mnīnis rai nesthērmou our, ia mnīnoster rai nesthērmouri antēri.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ia men our ouanis antamai, ni our natērri ouani: cas astoumēna, ia testa, ia agani nesagna hei inina.''<br />
==Tarpă==<br />
upka ana satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttaka kĕpĕkse satpïsnakuku<br />
<br />
jăttaka cimirtĕpĕt ujmăsku<br />
<br />
jăttaka ĕmpi kĕkkesken ămpa kăttu satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttu upïjtï upka kĕttükniki emkümi kapa kapa<br />
<br />
iv upka pĕvüttecïjtï rumcu rumcu kăttu up upka pĕvüttecsĕśtĕ rumcumus<br />
<br />
iv aśtajsïră pĕśü peśü<br />
<br />
mĕ upïjtï utïsïcatta uma uma<br />
<br />
==Themsarian==<br />
===Matthái 6:9–D===<br />
'''Tússáry Chàemyr'''<br />
<br />
9 ''Toríð mḗr tússals: Anéttam rin di bílzār, ā́themaremá vélis.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Riedisá achráttarys. Réħaremá srétinys, thā di lùovār had di bílzār.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Capsinnieðátham mī̀dam nìeðārmī́.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ie mrínām burrántam, had laujám mrínámi vo burralíuovam.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ie ham dóimánām det cadrȳ́thār, nesi sténteam gil vā́gyr. Āmḗn/Ħḗr vā́chmá.''<br />
<br />
==Valian==<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! English<br />
! Greek<br />
! Valian<br />
! Retranslation<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|<poem>9 προσεύχεσθε οὖν οὕτως Πάτερ ὁ οὐρανοῖς ἁγιασθήτω ὄνομα<br />
10 βασιλεία ἐλθέτω θέλημα γενηθήτω γῆς οὐρανῷ<br />
11 δὸς σήμερον ἐπιούσιον ἄρτον<br />
12 ἄφες ὀφειλήματα καὶ ἀφήκαμεν ὀφειλέταις<br />
13 εἰσενέγκῃς πειρασμόν ῥῦσαι πονηροῦ</poem><br />
|<poem>9 (…)Tormitän, rändaka vilyain, taevassed nennikä.<br />
10 Tuleikä meelestina, sälassed haryaikä, së oledü sëkui vilyain.<br />
11 Lahetun peigi vëi minnatän peik.<br />
12 Kevatunast viiremmetän, kui kävataan veireahitän.<br />
13 Tahalyatunast saa vanammeah, vëlia palgatun ää uramma</poem><br />
|<poem>9 Father our, who lives in clouds, be thy name made holy<br />
10 May thy kingdom come, thy will be carried out, on earth as on clouds<br />
11 Give us our daily bread<br />
12 And forgive our transgressions, as we forgive theirs<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil<br />
</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ạnglic ==<br />
<br />
Vure fạder hẹfnes,<br />
<br />
þiġne nama halgġed vys.<br />
<br />
ġecuma þiġne doṁ,<br />
<br />
ġevėrþa þiġne vill ġedȯn,<br />
<br />
Sva hẹfn ufan, sva under in ẹrþ. <br />
<br />
Vusum ġiġfa vantende brẹd,<br />
<br />
Nd vusum forġifa sve ve forġif'þ.<br />
<br />
Nd vusum ne lạda lust,<br />
<br />
ac ạf ẏfel nerġ'a vus.<br />
<br />
For þiġne be þe dȯm, þe afol, þe ṛoþ,<br />
<br />
For ȧ ymb ȧ nd on.<br />
<br />
Sȯþ<br />
<br />
== Maryan Coptic ==<br />
<br />
===Coptic script===<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲒⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲪⲏⳣⲉ, ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲩⲃⲟ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ. ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⳣⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲪⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲔⲁϩⲉ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛ̀ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙⲏⲓⲉϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲫⲟⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲭⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ, ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁϩⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ, ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲱⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲱⲩ, ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
===Latin script===<br />
<br />
Ce penJôt etxen nePhêwe, mareftubo ce pekran.<br />
<br />
Maresi ce tekmeturo. Marefshôpe ce pekwôsh n’rête xen tePhe nem hicen peKahe.<br />
<br />
Penôik n’raste mêjef nan m’phou.<br />
<br />
Woh khaten ebol n’nennobe, n’rête tenkha ebol nêeternobe eron.<br />
<br />
Woh empertahten exun pepeirasmos, alla nahmen ebolha pehôu.<br />
<br />
Ce thôk te temeturo nem tecom nem peôu, shaeneh. Amên.<br />
<br />
== Brithenig ==<br />
<br />
Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo gel:<br />
<br />
sia senghid tew nôn:<br />
<br />
gwein tew rheon:<br />
<br />
sia ffaeth tew wolont,<br />
<br />
syrs lla der sig i llo gel.<br />
<br />
Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;<br />
<br />
e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,<br />
<br />
si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechadur.<br />
<br />
E ngheidd rhen di nu in ill temp di drial,<br />
<br />
mai llifr nu di'll mal.<br />
<br />
Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew,<br />
<br />
per segl e segl. Amen.<br />
<br />
== Wenedyk ==<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Potrze nostry, kwały jesz en czałór, sąciewkaty si twej numię.'' <br /><br />
''Owień twej rzeń.'' <br /><br />
''Foca si twa włątać, komód en czału szyk i sur cierze.'' <br /><br />
''Da nów odzej nostry pań kocidzany.'' <br /><br />
''I dziemieć nów nostrze dziewta, komód i nu dziemiećmy świew dziewtorzew.'' <br /><br />
''I nie endycz nosz en ciętaceń, uta liwra nosz dzie mału.'' <br /><br />
''Nąk twie są rzeń i pociestać i głurza, o siąprz. Amen.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Lifashian==<br />
'''sunesfer Matayé, 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
9 ''ng hele salótam mulúy: Faté nósso mey tyám tangirám, sumulút lónami tuso estu.''<br/><br />
10 ''Malkútá tusá benótu, part hweyjá tusá estu, ha Dejehi marw mey tyám tangirám.''<br/><br />
11 ''Lelú onsyém syihámrey tom nangtom isehámorsyátam.''<br/><br />
12 ''Barfe syelá nostá marw gis barfamas letá syeltéluwi nossós.''<br/><br />
13 ''Ng mé farbere nó ha tassyá farétiyors, hand hótarp nó hó tom huwepom. Amín.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
== Avendonian ==<br />
<poem>Fadre nosde ci bis en el Celo,<br />
elageto si el name tede.<br />
El cuningricio tede cume.<br />
Si dueto el vile tede,<br />
en la Erda, ca bi en el Celo.<br />
Geva nos, en eco dago, el broto dagico nosde;<br />
e pergeva nos le sundie nosde<br />
ca vi pergevamos si ce sunden contra nos.<br />
E ne lede-nos en la persucitio,<br />
sed defriie nos d'el uvilo.<br />
Amen.</poem><br />
<br />
== [[Cumbraek]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>An Pader</big>'''<br />
<br />
An Tat essidh in er Nev <br><br />
Bit seyth de anuw <br><br />
Dowet de diarnas <br><br />
Bit gwrayth de vodh <br><br />
War dhaer mal in er Nev <br><br />
Rodh an bara pownidhol dun hedhiw <br><br />
A madhow an gleedow <br><br />
Mal e madhowen an gleedwir <br><br />
A na thuwis ni du dentot <br><br />
Eythir gwaret ni rak maloonder <br><br />
Is tow er Diarnas <br><br />
Er cuvoyth a’r gogonyant <br> <br />
In ais aissow <br> <br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Bźatga]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Ara Aḑir</big>'''<br />
<br />
Ara aḑir eśa e neuzda <br><br />
Ta ava rănovaudore <br><br />
Ta źiso rădaude <br><br />
Ta aula răvreidore <br><br />
Saule vor auĺuzda saule e neuzda <br><br />
Ara barva ḑila rădadetu pa zna <br><br />
Dec ara côĺi rećlugdetu <br><br />
Saule côĺi a ara nauteḑi ĕćlugdeźńi <br><br />
Dec źńi rănvezatu pa caśredu <br><br />
Ećra źńi răvredatu vret valu <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Norþimris|Northimris]]==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Þt Dreet Beid</big>'''<br />
<br />
Uur Faðer at is in hefen <br><br />
Halud siy ðiy neam <br><br />
Ðiy cinric becum <br><br />
Ðiy wil wurð deon <br><br />
On erd auṡ in hefen <br><br />
Gie uss uur deylie leaff todey <br><br />
An fergie uss uur scilds <br><br />
Auṡ wie fergie uur scildiers <br><br />
Leid not uss til costing <br><br />
Auh free uss frea il <br><br />
Þiyn is 't cinric an 't meyn an 't wuuder, for-ea <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== Soc'ul' ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Cuoj Cé he, āhaíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
<br />
'''Añ'xíc'adjíaxiý Taitu nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíjíý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
<br />
'''Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
<br />
'''Corxec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
<br />
'''Corur ez'e ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
<br />
'''Cual sehur āhharñuyt'euz'i.<br />
<br />
'''Corajïax yabur je,<br />
<br />
'''Nezi corjey cudix xen'e.<br />
<br />
'''Un' je āhaíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
<br />
'''Céux, ez'e cualjí,<br />
<br />
'''Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
<br />
'''Amen.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cuoj Cé he, āh-aíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
|VOC father 1.INAL REL-COP.CL1>CL1 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Añ'-xíc'ad-jí-ax-iý Taitu nej.<br />
|CL4>CL4-holy-ADJ.VBZ-CAUS-PASS name 2.INAL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-ñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
|CL2>CL2-come province 2.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-jí-ý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
|CL2>CL2-do-PASS NZ want earth at<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
|as COP.CL5>CL5 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-xec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
|2>1-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM day bread.PL day 1.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ur ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
|2>1-forgive debt 1.PASS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual seh-ur āh-har-ñuyt'eu-z'i.<br />
|as 1>CL1-forgive REL-CL2>1-debt-VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ajïax yabur je,<br />
|2>1-lead tempt to<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Nezi cor-jey cudix xen'e.<br />
|{not ... but} 2>1-bring evil {far from}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Un' je āh-aíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
|COP.CL5>CL5 for REL-COP.CL1>CL1 {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} 2.POSS province<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Céux, ez'e cual-jí,<br />
|power NZ good-ADJ.VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
|{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} forever REDUP<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Amen.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Chiingimec ==<br />
<poem style="font-family: 'Cambria', sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: start;">Шӯмляц кужо̄̆мо̆с<br />
бышэлцо̆ лэ̆ца̄мэгэ̆ш<br />
ассо̆цо̆нцо̆ рүтөго̆ш<br />
ніүрӈдо̆цо̆ налпмэго̆ш<br />
шӯмляц до̆з джо̄зляц<br />
тэ̆вэ̄м ухушуляц о̆к оджүцү̄ухушушджа ніэ̆вза бэ̄̆чэ̆гэ̆рэ̄<br />
уджа̄нӈо̆күб мүліү̄ о̄рбү̄<br />
пө̄на хӀӯсуфэ̄̆ гурөшү̄рбү̄<br />
Амын</poem><br />
<br />
== Guimin ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Пӏыътӏсәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏинэ,<br />
<br />
'''ниминсы тӏо ыъттӏкьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
<br />
'''Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏкьи,<br />
<br />
'''кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏәкьи онччинэ,<br />
<br />
'''сәсы сәмә̄ӏинэ.<br />
<br />
'''Ро̄чӏикӏәм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄мэ.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым борджисәд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
<br />
'''вӣ борджчӏа̄сәрисәд сәм тинэнтӏычӏәсы гъәфар.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым ӏигъырдэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
<br />
'''мин ю̄ътӏ пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄шмәд имтӏуъ:<br />
<br />
'''Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәънэ̄сы,<br />
<br />
'''гьу мигъисы, гьу гьвәрнәсы әттӏ,<br />
<br />
'''я̄вэ̄д.<br />
<br />
'''А̄мэ̄н.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Пӏыътӏ-сәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏ-инэ,<br />
|father-SG.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} DEM heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|ним-инсы тӏо ыъттӏ-кьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
|name.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 2SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} be.PFV.NPST.N.SG-SUBJ holy<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏ-кьи,<br />
|kingdom 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} start.PFV.PRES.F.SG-SUBJ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏә-кьи ончч-инэ,<br />
|wish 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} do.PFV.PASS.N.SG-SUBJ earth-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|сә-сы сәмә̄ӏ-инэ.<br />
|DEM-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ро̄чӏикӏ-әм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄м-э.<br />
|sustenance-PL.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT give.PFV.IMP.M.PL DEM day-LOC<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым бордж-ис-әд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS debt-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.PFV.IMP.N.SG forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|вӣ бордж-чӏа̄-сәрис-әд сәм тинэнтӏ-чӏ-әсы гъәфар.<br />
|{{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ERG debt-AG-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.PL-GER-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым ӏигъыр-дэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS temptation-LAT PROH take.PFV.IMP.M.PL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|{мин ю̄ътӏ} пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄ш-м-әд имтӏуъ:<br />
|but save {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT evil-NZ-ABL take.PFV.IMP.M.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәън-э̄сы,<br />
|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} because DEM 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} kingdom-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|гьу мигъ-исы, гьу гьвәрн-әсы әттӏ,<br />
|and power-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and glory-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.IPFV.NPST.F.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|я̄вэ̄д.<br />
|forever<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|А̄мэ̄н.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Kaikiwan ==<br />
<br />
'''Mateiu 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<small>'''9'''</small> ''Wá kelo-ō, itana sáwa-ō: tèo-na Pa‘pā<br>tona ìn itani-ō, sáwa-na nā‘ma ā‘itana.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''10'''</small> ''Sáwa-na imuwiká wá ena‘a. Sáwa i‘kitikina<br>‘na itela-ō ‘na itani.''<br />
<br><br><br />
<small>'''11'''</small> ''Yaká wá ito tèo-ō tèo-na iki‘i pán.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''12'''</small> ''Waka nati‘ka tèo-tò tèo-na isikiti, ‘na tèo nati‘ka tèo-na isikitonai.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''13'''</small> ''Waka īpi imu‘kea tèo kùkù-tò, kài ni‘ipig-na kawéka tèo. Sa‘āk sáwa ìn imuwiká, waka kitik kao ka‘pá‘ā igini‘pò. Āmen.''<br />
<br />
==Luthic==<br />
<poem><br />
Fadar unsar, þû hemenȯ,<br />
Veihida lata namnȯ þeinȯ;<br />
La þiudanagarda þeina qemit;<br />
Lȯ veġlanȯ þeinȯ taugiat;<br />
Svasve hemenȯ ed ana aerþa.<br />
Il claefo qotidiano unsar gevâ unse ogġi,<br />
Ed afletâ las unsaras colpas,<br />
Svasve afletamos þos ei, colpanno unsis;<br />
E non letare unse in tentazione<br />
Ac friehau unse dȧ malȧ.<br />
Faur þuc ist þiudanagardȧ,<br />
E lȧ forzȧ, lȧ gloriȧ,<br />
Faur saecla saecloro. Amen.<br />
</poem></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Literature:The_Lord%27s_Prayer&diff=368596
Literature:The Lord's Prayer
2024-05-10T14:44:05Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Library translation sidebar}}<br />
{{ombox<br />
|type = book<br />
|text = The Lord's Prayer is a [[w:Christianity|Christian]] prayer, originally written in [[w:Koiné Greek|Koiné Greek]], of which there are two versions.<br />
}}<br />
{{List translations}}<br />
{{Text translation widget}}<br />
==English==<br />
===Matthew 6:9–13===<br />
====[[wikipedia:Authorized King James Version|King James Version]] (1611)====<br />
9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.<br />
<br />
<!-- Categories --><br />
[[Category:Translation exercises]]<br />
[[Category:Religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Cwengâr]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Cwengâr]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Fén Ghír]]<br />
[[Category:Netagin religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Netagin]]<br />
[[Category:Ris]]<br />
[[category:Translated works in Ris]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Themsarian]]<br />
[[Category:Themsarian religious texts]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Valian]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Ạnglic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Maryan Coptic]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Soc'ul']]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Guimin]]<br />
[[Category:Translated works in Luthic]]<br />
<br />
==Cwengâr==<br />
*Â ês nàl,<br />
<br />
*te rhà pemoc c’hŷn,<br />
*tebogw rhà ngŷtyn nâr,<br />
*tenârh rhà mad,<br />
*cwâ âr êrhô cwed.<br />
<br />
*Pelârh rhà gôl ês nanyr dô ês,<br />
*ô fogwên rhà ês dulh ês môlyn,<br />
*o fogwên ês edaf te bôlyn dulh ês,<br />
*ô acwêgw rhà ês dô fôlyn,<br />
<br />
*Cwârh Du.<br />
==Fén Ghír==<br />
<center><br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! Fén Ghír Translation !! English version</noinclude><br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>Dí ba Ál,<br />
Té bér cór re ba femoc,<br />
Bhé thé re cúdinír,<br />
Bhé thír re med,<br />
Cór ír cun céd,<br />
Bél gal thenír do dí me re.<br />
On fogun di ba írona me re,<br />
fogun étábh bhé dhén írona cór dí me ítábh me dí.<br />
En gar dí ce med.<br />
Té ít.<br />
</poem><br />
| <poem>Our Father in heaven,<br />
hallowed be your name.<br />
Your kingdom come,<br />
your will be done,<br />
on earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
Give us this day our daily bread,<br />
and forgive us our debts,<br />
as we also have forgiven our debtors.<br />
And lead us not into temptation,<br />
but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
</center><br />
==Netagin==<br />
===Matai 6:9-13===<br />
====ˀÁthái nˀAbáh====<br />
<center>{{Heb|ט׳ אַנָּא הַבְרָא קַצֻומַן הַדָּ֬ם: אָתָי אַ֬בָּה מֲּצָרוֹ, אָנָי גֲּ֬תִילָה אִךְ וַלְּטַנִּיבֻוןּ׃}}<br/><br />
9 ''ˀAnnáˀ habhráˀ qhattzúmhan ha-ndámh: ˀÁthái nˀAbáh matzáró, ˀÁnái ngathíláh ˀich fhalleṭhanníbhúnn.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.NOM therefore pray/TRANS-IMP FOC-so: 1PL.GEN father-HON.SG.DIR heaven-SG.LOC, 2PL.GEN name-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-holy/TRANS-AFF.ATEL-PLACT}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|י׳ אָנָי תִּ֬פְזֻומָה אִךְ עָנַן. אָנָי בֲּ֬טִיסָה אִךְ וַלְּיַגִּיתַןּ, שִירְיוֹ שִב מֲּצָרוֹ׃}}<br/><br />
10 ''ˀÁnái dtiphzúmháh ˀich ˁánan. ˀÁnái mbaṭhísáh ˀich fhalleyagíthann, širyó šibh matzáró.''<br/><br />
{{small|2PL.GEN reign-HON.SG.DIR OPT come-IMP. 2PL.GEN will-HON.SG.DIR OPT INV-(0,3)-follow/TRANS-AFF.TEL-PLACT, earth.INAN.SG.LOC as heaven-INAN.SG.LOC}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יא׳ אָתָי עַ֬שְלֵךְ דֲּבָחֵךְ הֵגְתָּן דִּיתִיב׃}}<br/><br />
11 ''ˀÁthái nˁašléch dabháḥéch héghtán díthíbh.''<br/><br />
{{small|1PL.GEN bread-INAN.SG.INS regular-INAN.SG.INS provide/TRANS-1PL-IMP today}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יב׳ בַּר כֲּשַנְתָּן אָתָי קַּ֬זְחָי, הֵן הֲאַדָּא שִב תְּכַשְנֻוןּ אָתָי מְּקַזְחֵהּ׃}}<br/><br />
12 ''Bar kašantán ˀáthái gqazḥái, hén ha-ˀadáˀ šibh techašnúnn ˀáthái meqhazḥéhh.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ absolve-1PL-IMP 1PL.GEN sin.INAN.PL.GEN, TAG.Q TOP 1PL.NOM as (1,3)-absolve-ATEL.AFF-PLACT 1PL.GEN sinner-PL.DIR}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|יג׳ בַּר נֻור אִ֬צְחַדָּן פִּן פֲסִירוֹ , אֶת פֲקַמְתָּן תַּל מְסִירִיםּ׃}}<br/><br />
13 ''Bar núr nˀitzḥadán pin phasíró, ˀeth phaqhamhtán tal mhesírím.''<br/><br />
{{small|and_sentential.CONJ PROH go/CAUS-1PL-IMP toward temptation-INAN.SG.LOC, rather save-1PL-IMP from NOMZ-evil-AN.SG.GEN}}<br/><br />
{{Heb|אָמֵן׃}}<br/><br />
''Ámhén.''<br />
</center><br />
==[[Ris]]==<br />
===Matheos 6:9-13===<br />
====Byblous ri (2013-08-18)====<br />
9 ''Au mnēnou quera tēmbrana: Atēroumena hēna a ignou, annō hei inygnistizoui.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Astoumēna enou inantoui, quēmas enou anounatou inistizoui na igni.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Pāni ameri au amerou oui trāni.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ia mnīnis rai nesthērmou our, ia mnīnoster rai nesthērmouri antēri.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ia men our ouanis antamai, ni our natērri ouani: cas astoumēna, ia testa, ia agani nesagna hei inina.''<br />
===Tarpă==<br />
upka ana satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttaka kĕpĕkse satpïsnakuku<br />
<br />
jăttaka cimirtĕpĕt ujmăsku<br />
<br />
jăttaka ĕmpi kĕkkesken ămpa kăttu satpïskan<br />
<br />
jăttu upïjtï upka kĕttükniki emkümi kapa kapa<br />
<br />
iv upka pĕvüttecïjtï rumcu rumcu kăttu up upka pĕvüttecsĕśtĕ rumcumus<br />
<br />
iv aśtajsïră pĕśü peśü<br />
<br />
mĕ upïjtï utïsïcatta uma uma<br />
==Themsarian==<br />
===Matthái 6:9–D===<br />
'''Tússáry Chàemyr'''<br />
<br />
9 ''Toríð mḗr tússals: Anéttam rin di bílzār, ā́themaremá vélis.''<br />
<br />
10 ''Riedisá achráttarys. Réħaremá srétinys, thā di lùovār had di bílzār.''<br />
<br />
11 ''Capsinnieðátham mī̀dam nìeðārmī́.''<br />
<br />
12 ''Ie mrínām burrántam, had laujám mrínámi vo burralíuovam.''<br />
<br />
13 ''Ie ham dóimánām det cadrȳ́thār, nesi sténteam gil vā́gyr. Āmḗn/Ħḗr vā́chmá.''<br />
<br />
==Valian==<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center"<br />
! English<br />
! Greek<br />
! Valian<br />
! Retranslation<br />
|- style="vertical-align: top;"<br />
|<poem>9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.<br />
10 Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.<br />
11 Give us this day our daily bread.<br />
12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.</poem><br />
|<poem>9 προσεύχεσθε οὖν οὕτως Πάτερ ὁ οὐρανοῖς ἁγιασθήτω ὄνομα<br />
10 βασιλεία ἐλθέτω θέλημα γενηθήτω γῆς οὐρανῷ<br />
11 δὸς σήμερον ἐπιούσιον ἄρτον<br />
12 ἄφες ὀφειλήματα καὶ ἀφήκαμεν ὀφειλέταις<br />
13 εἰσενέγκῃς πειρασμόν ῥῦσαι πονηροῦ</poem><br />
|<poem>9 (…)Tormitän, rändaka vilyain, taevassed nennikä.<br />
10 Tuleikä meelestina, sälassed haryaikä, së oledü sëkui vilyain.<br />
11 Lahetun peigi vëi minnatän peik.<br />
12 Kevatunast viiremmetän, kui kävataan veireahitän.<br />
13 Tahalyatunast saa vanammeah, vëlia palgatun ää uramma</poem><br />
|<poem>9 Father our, who lives in clouds, be thy name made holy<br />
10 May thy kingdom come, thy will be carried out, on earth as on clouds<br />
11 Give us our daily bread<br />
12 And forgive our transgressions, as we forgive theirs<br />
13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil<br />
</poem><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Ạnglic ==<br />
<br />
Vure fạder hẹfnes,<br />
<br />
þiġne nama halgġed vys.<br />
<br />
ġecuma þiġne doṁ,<br />
<br />
ġevėrþa þiġne vill ġedȯn,<br />
<br />
Sva hẹfn ufan, sva under in ẹrþ. <br />
<br />
Vusum ġiġfa vantende brẹd,<br />
<br />
Nd vusum forġifa sve ve forġif'þ.<br />
<br />
Nd vusum ne lạda lust,<br />
<br />
ac ạf ẏfel nerġ'a vus.<br />
<br />
For þiġne be þe dȯm, þe afol, þe ṛoþ,<br />
<br />
For ȧ ymb ȧ nd on.<br />
<br />
Sȯþ<br />
<br />
== Maryan Coptic ==<br />
<br />
===Coptic script===<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲒⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲪⲏⳣⲉ, ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲩⲃⲟ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ. ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⳣⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲪⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲔⲁϩⲉ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛ̀ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙⲏⲓⲉϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲫⲟⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲭⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ, ⲛ̀ⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲭⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ⳣⲟϩ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁϩⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ, ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲱⲩ.}}<br />
<br />
{{cop|ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲱⲩ, ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.}}<br />
<br />
===Latin script===<br />
<br />
Ce penJôt etxen nePhêwe, mareftubo ce pekran.<br />
<br />
Maresi ce tekmeturo. Marefshôpe ce pekwôsh n’rête xen tePhe nem hicen peKahe.<br />
<br />
Penôik n’raste mêjef nan m’phou.<br />
<br />
Woh khaten ebol n’nennobe, n’rête tenkha ebol nêeternobe eron.<br />
<br />
Woh empertahten exun pepeirasmos, alla nahmen ebolha pehôu.<br />
<br />
Ce thôk te temeturo nem tecom nem peôu, shaeneh. Amên.<br />
<br />
== Brithenig ==<br />
<br />
Nustr Padr, ke sia i llo gel:<br />
<br />
sia senghid tew nôn:<br />
<br />
gwein tew rheon:<br />
<br />
sia ffaeth tew wolont,<br />
<br />
syrs lla der sig i llo gel.<br />
<br />
Dun nustr pan diwrnal a nu h-eidd;<br />
<br />
e pharddun llo nustr phechad a nu,<br />
<br />
si nu pharddunan llo nustr phechadur.<br />
<br />
E ngheidd rhen di nu in ill temp di drial,<br />
<br />
mai llifr nu di'll mal.<br />
<br />
Per ill rheon, ill cofaeth e lla leir es ill tew,<br />
<br />
per segl e segl. Amen.<br />
<br />
== Wenedyk ==<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
''Potrze nostry, kwały jesz en czałór, sąciewkaty si twej numię.'' <br /><br />
''Owień twej rzeń.'' <br /><br />
''Foca si twa włątać, komód en czału szyk i sur cierze.'' <br /><br />
''Da nów odzej nostry pań kocidzany.'' <br /><br />
''I dziemieć nów nostrze dziewta, komód i nu dziemiećmy świew dziewtorzew.'' <br /><br />
''I nie endycz nosz en ciętaceń, uta liwra nosz dzie mału.'' <br /><br />
''Nąk twie są rzeń i pociestać i głurza, o siąprz. Amen.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Lifashian==<br />
'''sunesfer Matayé, 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<blockquote><br />
9 ''ng hele salótam mulúy: Faté nósso mey tyám tangirám, sumulút lónami tuso estu.''<br/><br />
10 ''Malkútá tusá benótu, part hweyjá tusá estu, ha Dejehi marw mey tyám tangirám.''<br/><br />
11 ''Lelú onsyém syihámrey tom nangtom isehámorsyátam.''<br/><br />
12 ''Barfe syelá nostá marw gis barfamas letá syeltéluwi nossós.''<br/><br />
13 ''Ng mé farbere nó ha tassyá farétiyors, hand hótarp nó hó tom huwepom. Amín.''<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
== Avendonian ==<br />
<poem>Fadre nosde ci bis en el Celo,<br />
elageto si el name tede.<br />
El cuningricio tede cume.<br />
Si dueto el vile tede,<br />
en la Erda, ca bi en el Celo.<br />
Geva nos, en eco dago, el broto dagico nosde;<br />
e pergeva nos le sundie nosde<br />
ca vi pergevamos si ce sunden contra nos.<br />
E ne lede-nos en la persucitio,<br />
sed defriie nos d'el uvilo.<br />
Amen.</poem><br />
<br />
== [[Cumbraek]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>An Pader</big>'''<br />
<br />
An Tat essidh in er Nev <br><br />
Bit seyth de anuw <br><br />
Dowet de diarnas <br><br />
Bit gwrayth de vodh <br><br />
War dhaer mal in er Nev <br><br />
Rodh an bara pownidhol dun hedhiw <br><br />
A madhow an gleedow <br><br />
Mal e madhowen an gleedwir <br><br />
A na thuwis ni du dentot <br><br />
Eythir gwaret ni rak maloonder <br><br />
Is tow er Diarnas <br><br />
Er cuvoyth a’r gogonyant <br> <br />
In ais aissow <br> <br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Bźatga]] ==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Ara Aḑir</big>'''<br />
<br />
Ara aḑir eśa e neuzda <br><br />
Ta ava rănovaudore <br><br />
Ta źiso rădaude <br><br />
Ta aula răvreidore <br><br />
Saule vor auĺuzda saule e neuzda <br><br />
Ara barva ḑila rădadetu pa zna <br><br />
Dec ara côĺi rećlugdetu <br><br />
Saule côĺi a ara nauteḑi ĕćlugdeźńi <br><br />
Dec źńi rănvezatu pa caśredu <br><br />
Ećra źńi răvredatu vret valu <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== [[Norþimris|Northimris]]==<br />
<br />
'''<big>Þt Dreet Beid</big>'''<br />
<br />
Uur Faðer at is in hefen <br><br />
Halud siy ðiy neam <br><br />
Ðiy cinric becum <br><br />
Ðiy wil wurð deon <br><br />
On erd auṡ in hefen <br><br />
Gie uss uur deylie leaff todey <br><br />
An fergie uss uur scilds <br><br />
Auṡ wie fergie uur scildiers <br><br />
Leid not uss til costing <br><br />
Auh free uss frea il <br><br />
Þiyn is 't cinric an 't meyn an 't wuuder, for-ea <br><br />
Amen<br />
<br />
== Soc'ul' ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Cuoj Cé he, āhaíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
<br />
'''Añ'xíc'adjíaxiý Taitu nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
<br />
'''Aíjíý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
<br />
'''Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
<br />
'''Corxec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
<br />
'''Corur ez'e ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
<br />
'''Cual sehur āhharñuyt'euz'i.<br />
<br />
'''Corajïax yabur je,<br />
<br />
'''Nezi corjey cudix xen'e.<br />
<br />
'''Un' je āhaíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
<br />
'''Céux, ez'e cualjí,<br />
<br />
'''Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
<br />
'''Amen.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cuoj Cé he, āh-aíún' Ñēyan eý,<br />
|VOC father 1.INAL REL-COP.CL1>CL1 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Añ'-xíc'ad-jí-ax-iý Taitu nej.<br />
|CL4>CL4-holy-ADJ.VBZ-CAUS-PASS name 2.INAL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-ñéi jernexuñ nej.<br />
|CL2>CL2-come province 2.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Aí-jí-ý ez'e xeý muc'uj eý,<br />
|CL2>CL2-do-PASS NZ want earth at<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual un' ñēyan eý.<br />
|as COP.CL5>CL5 ñēyan in<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-xec hez'i jál tumyan beil' tumyan en.<br />
|2>1-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM day bread.PL day 1.POSS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ur ñuyt'eu ne,<br />
|2>1-forgive debt 1.PASS<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cual seh-ur āh-har-ñuyt'eu-z'i.<br />
|as 1>CL1-forgive REL-CL2>1-debt-VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Cor-ajïax yabur je,<br />
|2>1-lead tempt to<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Nezi cor-jey cudix xen'e.<br />
|{not ... but} 2>1-bring evil {far from}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Un' je āh-aíún' xad nej jernexuñ,<br />
|COP.CL5>CL5 for REL-COP.CL1>CL1 {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} 2.POSS province<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Céux, ez'e cual-jí,<br />
|power NZ good-ADJ.VBZ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Hez'i ñij ñij.<br />
|{{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} forever REDUP<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Amen.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Chiingimec ==<br />
<poem style="font-family: 'Cambria', sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: start;">Шӯмляц кужо̄̆мо̆с<br />
бышэлцо̆ лэ̆ца̄мэгэ̆ш<br />
ассо̆цо̆нцо̆ рүтөго̆ш<br />
ніүрӈдо̆цо̆ налпмэго̆ш<br />
шӯмляц до̆з джо̄зляц<br />
тэ̆вэ̄м ухушуляц о̆к оджүцү̄ухушушджа ніэ̆вза бэ̄̆чэ̆гэ̆рэ̄<br />
уджа̄нӈо̆күб мүліү̄ о̄рбү̄<br />
пө̄на хӀӯсуфэ̄̆ гурөшү̄рбү̄<br />
Амын</poem><br />
<br />
== Guimin ==<br />
<center><br />
'''Пӏыътӏсәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏинэ,<br />
<br />
'''ниминсы тӏо ыъттӏкьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
<br />
'''Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏкьи,<br />
<br />
'''кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏәкьи онччинэ,<br />
<br />
'''сәсы сәмә̄ӏинэ.<br />
<br />
'''Ро̄чӏикӏәм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄мэ.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым борджисәд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
<br />
'''вӣ борджчӏа̄сәрисәд сәм тинэнтӏычӏәсы гъәфар.<br />
<br />
'''Гьу ым ӏигъырдэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
<br />
'''мин ю̄ътӏ пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄шмәд имтӏуъ:<br />
<br />
'''Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәънэ̄сы,<br />
<br />
'''гьу мигъисы, гьу гьвәрнәсы әттӏ,<br />
<br />
'''я̄вэ̄д.<br />
<br />
'''А̄мэ̄н.<br />
</center><br />
<br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Пӏыътӏ-сәр митиъ сә сәмә̄ӏ-инэ,<br />
|father-SG.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} DEM heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|ним-инсы тӏо ыъттӏ-кьи чӏвәнтӏ.<br />
|name.ERG-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} 2SG.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} be.PFV.NPST.N.SG-SUBJ holy<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Сәлтәън тӏвитиъ кӏантӏ-кьи,<br />
|kingdom 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} start.PFV.PRES.F.SG-SUBJ<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|кӏә̄м тӏвитиъ тыътӏә-кьи ончч-инэ,<br />
|wish 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} do.PFV.PASS.N.SG-SUBJ earth-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|сә-сы сәмә̄ӏ-инэ.<br />
|DEM-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} heaven-{{gcl|IN|inessive}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ро̄чӏикӏ-әм митиъ нә̄с дӯнтӏуъ сә о̄м-э.<br />
|sustenance-PL.ABS {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT give.PFV.IMP.M.PL DEM day-LOC<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым бордж-ис-әд сәм ттинтӏуъ гъәфар,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS debt-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.PFV.IMP.N.SG forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|вӣ бордж-чӏа̄-сәрис-әд сәм тинэнтӏ-чӏ-әсы гъәфар.<br />
|{{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ERG debt-AG-ERG.PL-ABL {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.{{gcl|GEN2|genitive 2}} do.IPFV.NPST.M.PL-GER-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} forgive<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Гьу ым ӏигъыр-дэ мӣ иминтӏуъ,<br />
|and {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.ABS temptation-LAT PROH take.PFV.IMP.M.PL<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|{мин ю̄ътӏ} пәррикъ нә̄с хэнэ̄ш-м-әд имтӏуъ:<br />
|but save {{gcl|1INCL|first person inclusive}}.DAT evil-NZ-ABL take.PFV.IMP.M.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|Ыг э̄ррэ̄ сә тӏвитиъ сәлтәън-э̄сы,<br />
|{{gcl|WIT|witness}} because DEM 2SG.{{gcl|GEN1|genitive 1}} kingdom-{{gcl|EQ|equative}}<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|гьу мигъ-исы, гьу гьвәрн-әсы әттӏ,<br />
|and power-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} and glory-{{gcl|EQ|equative}} be.IPFV.NPST.F.SG<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|я̄вэ̄д.<br />
|forever<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br><br />
{{interlinear<br />
|А̄мэ̄н.<br />
|amen<br />
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}<br />
<br />
== Kaikiwan ==<br />
<br />
'''Mateiu 6:9-13'''<br />
<br />
<small>'''9'''</small> ''Wá kelo-ō, itana sáwa-ō: tèo-na Pa‘pā<br>tona ìn itani-ō, sáwa-na nā‘ma ā‘itana.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''10'''</small> ''Sáwa-na imuwiká wá ena‘a. Sáwa i‘kitikina<br>‘na itela-ō ‘na itani.''<br />
<br><br><br />
<small>'''11'''</small> ''Yaká wá ito tèo-ō tèo-na iki‘i pán.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''12'''</small> ''Waka nati‘ka tèo-tò tèo-na isikiti, ‘na tèo nati‘ka tèo-na isikitonai.''<br><br><br />
<small>'''13'''</small> ''Waka īpi imu‘kea tèo kùkù-tò, kài ni‘ipig-na kawéka tèo. Sa‘āk sáwa ìn imuwiká, waka kitik kao ka‘pá‘ā igini‘pò. Āmen.''<br />
<br />
==Luthic==<br />
<poem><br />
Fadar unsar, þû hemenȯ,<br />
Veihida lata namnȯ þeinȯ;<br />
La þiudanagarda þeina qemit;<br />
Lȯ veġlanȯ þeinȯ taugiat;<br />
Svasve hemenȯ ed ana aerþa.<br />
Il claefo qotidiano unsar gevâ unse ogġi,<br />
Ed afletâ las unsaras colpas,<br />
Svasve afletamos þos ei, colpanno unsis;<br />
E non letare unse in tentazione<br />
Ac friehau unse dȧ malȧ.<br />
Faur þuc ist þiudanagardȧ,<br />
E lȧ forzȧ, lȧ gloriȧ,<br />
Faur saecla saecloro. Amen.<br />
</poem></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Mittaali_languages&diff=366988
Mittaali languages
2024-03-30T13:15:18Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Mittaali<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent, Southern island, South of Central Island.<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Mittaali]]<br />
| map = Mittali-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child2 = [[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Mittaali''' is a language family spoken mostly on Southeastern part of Western Continent. Name "Mittaali" comes from [[Ynju]] word meaning "speech", nominalised form of verb mitte "to speak".<br />
==Classification==<br />
*Mittali<br />
**[[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
***[[Ynju-Mitaal languages|Ynju-Mitaal]]<br />
****[[Ynju]]<br />
****[[Mitaal]]<br />
***[[Macro Wenth languages|Macro Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wĩs-Miter languages|Wĩs-Miter]]<br />
*****[[Wĩs]]<br />
*****[[Miter]]<br />
**[[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]<br />
***[[Widu-Juandu languages|Widu-Juandu]]<br />
****[[Widu]]<br />
****[[Juandu-Meppexe languages|Juandu-Meppexe]]<br />
*****[[Juandu]]<br />
*****[[Meppexe]]<br />
****[[Macro Vyns languages|Macro Vyns]]<br />
*****[[Mifaji-Winthu languages|Mifaji-Winthu]]<br />
******[[Mifaji]]<br />
******[[Winthu-Helhi]]<br />
*****[[Vyns-Vizo languages|Vyns-Vizo]]<br />
******[[Vyns]]<br />
******[[Vizo]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Mittaali_languages&diff=366987
Mittaali languages
2024-03-30T13:14:58Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Mittaali<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent, Southern island, South of Central Island.<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Mittaali]]<br />
| map = Mittali-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child2 = [[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Mittali''' is a language family spoken mostly on Southeastern part of Western Continent. Name "Mittaali" comes from [[Ynju]] word meaning "speech", nominalised form of verb mitte "to speak".<br />
==Classification==<br />
*Mittali<br />
**[[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
***[[Ynju-Mitaal languages|Ynju-Mitaal]]<br />
****[[Ynju]]<br />
****[[Mitaal]]<br />
***[[Macro Wenth languages|Macro Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wĩs-Miter languages|Wĩs-Miter]]<br />
*****[[Wĩs]]<br />
*****[[Miter]]<br />
**[[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]<br />
***[[Widu-Juandu languages|Widu-Juandu]]<br />
****[[Widu]]<br />
****[[Juandu-Meppexe languages|Juandu-Meppexe]]<br />
*****[[Juandu]]<br />
*****[[Meppexe]]<br />
****[[Macro Vyns languages|Macro Vyns]]<br />
*****[[Mifaji-Winthu languages|Mifaji-Winthu]]<br />
******[[Mifaji]]<br />
******[[Winthu-Helhi]]<br />
*****[[Vyns-Vizo languages|Vyns-Vizo]]<br />
******[[Vyns]]<br />
******[[Vizo]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=358219
Koabi languages
2024-02-08T18:12:47Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Mimi island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = Mimi-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| mapcaption = Map of the Koabi languages Ópi, Hōbe, Kob, Oebi, Kome, Sia, as well as neigbouring Kauke languages<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of island called "Mimi".<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~i<j>so-j and esa~e<j>sa-j<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]][https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JFAUYZLAGtlcuajXmOtudsLDabXyBLelCy_at6NWAjw/edit?usp=sharing Link to a spreadsheet which includes Lexicon, Grammar and sound changes]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Mimi-Map.png&diff=358218
File:Mimi-Map.png
2024-02-08T18:08:38Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Map of the Mimi island</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
Map of the Mimi island</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=358217
Koabi languages
2024-02-08T18:07:13Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Mimi island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = Koabi-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of island called "Mimi".<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~i<j>so-j and esa~e<j>sa-j<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]][https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JFAUYZLAGtlcuajXmOtudsLDabXyBLelCy_at6NWAjw/edit?usp=sharing Link to a spreadsheet which includes Lexicon, Grammar and sound changes]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=356731
Old Ynju
2024-02-02T16:51:01Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Romanisation */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png|250px]] "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant, which isn't written in Old Mittaalo-Tenghinic Script. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
===Romanisation===<br />
[ø] is oe, [y] is y, long vowels are doubled, [t͡ʃ] and [ʃ] are c and š<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Nouns have following cases:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: -but<br><br />
Locative: -gul<br><br />
Dative: -wa<br><br />
Lative: -lak<br><br />
Instrumental: -lyy<br><br />
Comitative: -sfi<br><br />
Genetive: -ca<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -kus after case suffix. Nominalisation is by adding suffix -li with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Old Ynju, like other Mittaali languages lacks infinitive. Imperative is formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -gu, which also modifies certain vowel before it:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Before !! After<br />
|-<br />
| a < *a || u<br />
|-<br />
| o < *wa || wu<br />
|-<br />
| i < *i || a<br />
|-<br />
| e < *ja || y<br />
|-<br />
| y < *wi || o<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *iwja || yː<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ajwa || eːwu<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ujwa || yːwu<br />
|-<br />
| yː < *ujwi || øː<br />
|}<br />
Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -gut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lja<br>Future: -cu<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -mu with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Mittaali&diff=356730
Proto-Mittaali
2024-02-02T16:47:18Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Nouns */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Mittaali<br />
| altname = PM<br />
| target = [[Mittaali languages]]<br />
| child1 = [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child2 = [[Proto-Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Mittaali is a reconstructed ancrestor of Mittaali languages.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
! rowspan="1" | Uvular<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
| *q<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fircative<br />
| *f<br />
| colspan="1" | *s<br />
| colspan="3" | *x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| *r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| *w<br />
| *l<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Mittaali had three vowel system: *a *i *u with no length distinction. Syllable structure was (C)V(C) with stress was falling on the first syllable<br />
==Morphology==<br />
Proto Mittaali is reconstructed as SVO, head initial, agglutinative language with nominative-accusative alignment(like most of its descendants). <br />
===Nouns===<br />
Following noun cases are reconstructed:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: *-put<br><br />
Locative: *-kul<br><br />
Dative: *-wa<br><br />
Lative: *-lak<br><br />
Instrumental: *-luj<br><br />
Comitative: *-sfi<br><br />
Genetive: *-tja<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -kus after case suffix, nominalisatoon was done by *-xli, which is probably derived from *saxli "thing"<br />
<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
Adjectives behaved same as the noun, adjectives could be formed by *-lma~rma (first in Ynju-Wenth, second in Juandu-Vyns) which was probably derived from the word *ralma "like, similiar" which explains alternation<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Like any modern languages, Proto-Mittaali lacks infinitive. Imperative formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -qu. Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -kut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lka<br>Future: -kju<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -xmu.<br />
[[Category:Proto-languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Proto-Mittaali&diff=356729
Proto-Mittaali
2024-02-02T16:46:27Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Morphology */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Mittaali<br />
| altname = PM<br />
| target = [[Mittaali languages]]<br />
| child1 = [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child2 = [[Proto-Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Mittaali is a reconstructed ancrestor of Mittaali languages.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
! rowspan="1" | Uvular<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
| *q<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fircative<br />
| *f<br />
| colspan="1" | *s<br />
| colspan="3" | *x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| *r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| *w<br />
| *l<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Mittaali had three vowel system: *a *i *u with no length distinction. Syllable structure was (C)V(C) with stress was falling on the first syllable<br />
==Morphology==<br />
Proto Mittaali is reconstructed as SVO, head initial, agglutinative language with nominative-accusative alignment(like most of its descendants). <br />
===Nouns===<br />
Following noun cases are reconstructed:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: *-put<br><br />
Locative: *-kul<br><br />
Dative: *-wa<br><br />
Lative: *-lak<br><br />
Instrumental: *-luj<br><br />
Comitative: *-sfi<br><br />
Genetive: *-tja<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -kus after case suffix, nominalisatoon was done by *-xli<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
Adjectives behaved same as the noun, adjectives could be formed by *-lma~rma (first in Ynju-Wenth, second in Juandu-Vyns) which was probably derived from the word *ralma "like, similiar" which explains alternation<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Like any modern languages, Proto-Mittaali lacks infinitive. Imperative formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -qu. Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -kut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lka<br>Future: -kju<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -xmu.<br />
[[Category:Proto-languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=356728
Old Ynju
2024-02-02T16:42:09Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Verbs */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png|250px]] "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant, which isn't written in Old Mittaalo-Tenghinic Script. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Romanisation==<br />
[ø] is oe, [y] is y, long vowels are doubled, [t͡ʃ] and [ʃ] are c and sh<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Nouns have following cases:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: -but<br><br />
Locative: -gul<br><br />
Dative: -wa<br><br />
Lative: -lak<br><br />
Instrumental: -lyy<br><br />
Comitative: -sfi<br><br />
Genetive: -ca<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -kus after case suffix. Nominalisation is by adding suffix -li with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Old Ynju, like other Mittaali languages lacks infinitive. Imperative is formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -gu, which also modifies certain vowel before it:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Before !! After<br />
|-<br />
| a < *a || u<br />
|-<br />
| o < *wa || wu<br />
|-<br />
| i < *i || a<br />
|-<br />
| e < *ja || y<br />
|-<br />
| y < *wi || o<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *iwja || yː<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ajwa || eːwu<br />
|-<br />
| øː < *ujwa || yːwu<br />
|-<br />
| yː < *ujwi || øː<br />
|}<br />
Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -gut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lja<br>Future: -cu<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -mu with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=356727
Old Ynju
2024-02-02T16:40:21Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png|250px]] "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant, which isn't written in Old Mittaalo-Tenghinic Script. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Romanisation==<br />
[ø] is oe, [y] is y, long vowels are doubled, [t͡ʃ] and [ʃ] are c and sh<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
===Nouns===<br />
Nouns have following cases:<br><br />
Nominative: no marking<br><br />
Accutative: -but<br><br />
Locative: -gul<br><br />
Dative: -wa<br><br />
Lative: -lak<br><br />
Instrumental: -lyy<br><br />
Comitative: -sfi<br><br />
Genetive: -ca<br><br />
Plural is formed by adding -kus after case suffix. Nominalisation is by adding suffix -li with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect (in this order). Old Ynju, like other Mittaali languages lacks infinitive. Imperative is formed by reduplicating the verb. Conditional by adding -gu, which also modifies certain vowel before it:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Before !! After<br />
|-<br />
| a < *a || u<br />
|-<br />
| o < *wa || wu<br />
|-<br />
| i < *i || a<br />
|-<br />
| e < ja || y<br />
|-<br />
| y < wi || o<br />
|-<br />
| øː < iwja || yː<br />
|-<br />
| øː < ajwa || eːwu<br />
|-<br />
| øː < ujwa || yːwu<br />
|-<br />
| yː < ujwi || øː<br />
|}<br />
Passive voice is formed by adding -mri, Middle voice by adding -gut. Following tense suffixes are reconstructed:<br>Present tense is unmarked<br>Past: -lja<br>Future: -cu<br>Perfective aspect is unmarked, while Imperfective is marked with -fsa. Habitual is formed by suffix -mu with lengthening of a vowel.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=356726
Old Ynju
2024-02-02T16:23:45Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png|250px]] "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant, which isn't written in Old Mittaalo-Tenghinic Script. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Old_Ynju_Middle_Tenghino_Mittaalic_script.png&diff=356725
File:Old Ynju Middle Tenghino Mittaalic script.png
2024-02-02T16:06:47Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: "Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
"Yndu" in Middle Tenghino-Mittaalic script</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=356724
Old Ynju
2024-02-02T15:56:42Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Old Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=345494
Old Ynju
2024-01-25T17:15:42Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|-<br />
| iwju, ujwi || yː || Any<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=344957
Old Ynju
2024-01-20T07:33:37Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, iwju, ujwi, ajwi, awju, ujwa, iwja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=344800
Old Ynju
2024-01-19T17:43:00Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: /* Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja, iwju, ujwi || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327679
Old Ynju
2023-10-15T11:22:50Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [https://www.reddit.com/r/neography/comments/1769pf2/tenghinomittaalic_syllabary/ Tenghino-Mittaalic] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327596
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T17:12:43Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [[Mittaalo-Tenghinic]] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. [[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Mittaali_languages&diff=327595
Mittaali languages
2023-10-12T17:11:42Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Mittaali<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent, Southern island, South of Central Island.<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Mittaali]]<br />
| map = Mittali-Map.png<br />
| mapsize = 280px<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child2 = [[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Mittali''' is a language family spoken mostly on Southeastern part of Western Continent. Name "Mittaali" comes from [[Ynju]] word meaning "speech", nominalised form of irregular verb mitte "to speak".<br />
==Classification==<br />
*Mittali<br />
**[[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
***[[Ynju-Mitaal languages|Ynju-Mitaal]]<br />
****[[Ynju]]<br />
****[[Mitaal]]<br />
***[[Macro Wenth languages|Macro Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wenth]]<br />
****[[Wĩs-Miter languages|Wĩs-Miter]]<br />
*****[[Wĩs]]<br />
*****[[Miter]]<br />
**[[Juandu-Vyns languages|Juandu-Vyns]]<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]<br />
***[[Widu-Juandu languages|Widu-Juandu]]<br />
****[[Widu]]<br />
****[[Juandu-Meppexe languages|Juandu-Meppexe]]<br />
*****[[Juandu]]<br />
*****[[Meppexe]]<br />
****[[Macro Vyns languages|Macro Vyns]]<br />
*****[[Mifaji-Winthu languages|Mifaji-Winthu]]<br />
******[[Mifaji]]<br />
******[[Winthu-Helhi]]<br />
*****[[Vyns-Vizo languages|Vyns-Vizo]]<br />
******[[Vyns]]<br />
******[[Vizo]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327594
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T16:57:37Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [[Mittaalo-Tenghinic]] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutinative language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327593
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T16:56:02Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| image = [[File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png|250px]]<br />
| imagesize = 250px<br />
| imagecaption = "Yndu" in [[Mittaalo-Tenghinic]] script<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=File:Old_Ynju_Mittalo-Tenghinic_Syllabary.png&diff=327592
File:Old Ynju Mittalo-Tenghinic Syllabary.png
2023-10-12T16:48:45Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327591
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T16:42:07Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 17 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327590
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T16:09:37Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' (also called Old Mitaal) is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 15 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=327589
Old Ynju
2023-10-12T15:57:58Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| nativename = Yndu<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 15 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=321642
Old Ynju
2023-08-06T12:22:37Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 15 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| m<br />
| colspan="1" | n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=321641
Koabi languages
2023-08-06T11:47:10Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Central island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = [[File:Koabi-Map.png]]<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of central island.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~i<j>so-j and esa~e<j>sa-j<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]][https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JFAUYZLAGtlcuajXmOtudsLDabXyBLelCy_at6NWAjw/edit?usp=sharing Link to a spreadsheet which includes Lexicon, Grammar and sound changes]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Contionary:*kifa&diff=320467
Contionary:*kifa
2023-07-29T11:37:16Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created page with "{{Reconstructed|Proto-Mittaali}} ==Proto-Mittaali== ===Pronounciation=== (Proto-Mittaali) IPA: /ˈki.fa/ ===Noun=== '''kifa''' # animal"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Reconstructed|Proto-Mittaali}}<br />
==Proto-Mittaali==<br />
===Pronounciation===<br />
(Proto-Mittaali) [[IPA]]: /ˈki.fa/<br />
===Noun===<br />
'''kifa'''<br />
# animal</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Old_Ynju&diff=320464
Old Ynju
2023-07-29T11:20:08Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Old Ynju<br />
| region = Southeastern part of Western Continent<br />
| fam1 = [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]]<br />
| fam2 = [[Ynju-Wenth languages|Ynju-Wenth]]<br />
| child1 = [[Ynju]]<br />
| child2 = [[Mitaal]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Old Ynju''' is a language from [[Mittaali languages|Mittaali]] language family, which is an ancestor of two languages: [[Ynju]] and [[Mitaal]]<br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Consonants===<br />
Old Ynju Had usual inventory for an Mittaali language, featuring only 15 phonemic consonants.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! colspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="1" | Stop<br />
| p pː (b)<br />
| colspan="1" | t tː (d)<br />
| colspan="1" | tʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | k kː (g)<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Fricative<br />
| f<br />
| colspan="1" | s<br />
| colspan="1" | ʃ<br />
| colspan="1" | x<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Trill<br />
|<br />
| r<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Approximant<br />
| w<br />
| l<br />
| j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
===Vowels===<br />
Old Ynju had 8 vowels, not unlike Ynju and Mitaal. 7 can occur either short or long and 8th vowel, /ø/ could only be long<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Vowel phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Front<br />
! colspan="1" | Back<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Close<br />
| i iː y yː<br />
| colspan="1" | u uː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Mid<br />
| e eː øː<br />
| colspan="1" | o oː<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="1" | Open<br />
| colspan="2" | a aː<br />
|}<br />
===Development from Proto-Ynju-Wenth===<br />
Old Ynju features palatalisation of sequences *tj, *kj and *sj to t͡ʃ and ʃ. ʃ[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]] stops *p *t *k lenited to [b], [d] and [g] intervocalicly, with [b] and [g] leniting to [w] and [j] respectivly when they are near a sonorant. In Ynju b d and g lenited further into [β], [j] and [h]. Geminated stops are retained in Ynju but became degeminated in Mitaal, making voicing phonemic. PYW *ʂ became ʃ everywhere. Sequences of a semivowel + vowel and vowel + semivowel monophtongised:<br />
{| Class="wikitable" <br />
! Proto-Ynju-Wenth !! Old Ynju !! Envoirement<br />
|-<br />
| aj || eː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| ja || e || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| aw || oː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wa || o || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| iw, uj || yː || _{C, #}<br />
|-<br />
| wi, ju || y || {C, #}_<br />
|-<br />
| ajwa, awja || øː || Any<br />
|}<br />
==Grammar==<br />
Old Ynju is an very regular, SVO head-initial, agglutenatetive language, much like other Mittaali languages. Nouns follow Nominative-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.<br />
[[Category:Languages]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=320160
Koabi languages
2023-07-27T16:06:24Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Central island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = [[File:Koabi-Map.png]]<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of central island.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~i<j>so-j and esa~e<j>sa-j<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=320151
Koabi languages
2023-07-27T16:03:51Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Central island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = [[File:Koabi-Map.png]]<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of central island.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak". Some Scholars also reconstruct fricative *s in Pre-Proto-Koabi which was lost everywhere and appears in various loanwords, other(especially ones which try to link Koabi with other language families) reconstruct laryngeal *H because loanwords came from Proto-Koabi and s could be epenthetic consonants to break up multiple vowels in a word. Scholars universally reconstruct *w which became *b in Proto-Koabi.<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bea || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
As you can see Pronouns posses *io~*ii and *ea~*ie ablaut, which is retained by most of the descendants. Some sholars reconstruct it as being iso~isoj<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=320086
Koabi languages
2023-07-27T13:22:26Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Central island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = [[File:Koabi-Map.png]]<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of central island.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak".<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || *kio || we || *kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || *bia || you || *bie<br />
|}<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Koabi_languages&diff=320084
Koabi languages
2023-07-27T13:20:00Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox language family <br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Koabi<br />
| region = North of Central island<br />
| family = One of the world's primary language families<br />
| protoname = [[Proto-Koabi]]<br />
| map = [[File:Koabi-Map.png]]<br />
}}<br />
Koabi is small language family spoken in the north of central island.<br />
==Phonology==<br />
Proto Koabi Consonants, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:autmargin:auto;"<br />
|+caption | Consonant phonemes<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" |<br />
! rowspan="1" | Labial<br />
! colspan="1" | Dental<br />
! colspan="1" | Palatal<br />
! rowspan="1" | Velar<br />
|-<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| *m<br />
| colspan="1" | *n<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Stop<br />
! <small> voiceless <small><br />
| *p<br />
| colspan="1" | *t<br />
|<br />
| colspan="1" | *k<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! <small> voiced <small><br />
| *b<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|- style="text-align:center;"<br />
! colspan="2" | Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| *j<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
Proto-Koabi had simple four vowel system: *i *e *a *o. *u is also attested in loanwords such as *mu "neighbour", a loanword from [[Proto-Kauke]] mu˩ "neighbour". Syllable structure was (C)V and stress was on the first syllable of a word. Multiple vowels can be adjacent to each other like in *baoi "to speak".<br />
Consonants correspondances:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Proto-Koabi !! Ópi !! Hōbe !! Kob !! Oebi !! Sia !! Kome<br />
|-<br />
| *m || m || m || m || m || m || m<br />
|-<br />
| *n || n || n || n || n || n || n<br />
|-<br />
| *p || f || p-, -b- || f-, -v- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p- || p || p-, -ɸ-<br />
|-<br />
| *b || p || b || b || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -b- || b || m<br />
|-<br />
| *t || t || t || s-, -d- || t || t, s<sup>2</sup> || t-, -θ-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *k || 0-, -k- || h || k-, -g- || 0-<sup>1</sup>, -p-<sup>1</sup>, k || k, s<sup>2</sup> || k-, -x-, c͡ç<sup>2</sup>-, -ç-<sup>2</sup><br />
|-<br />
| *j || s-, -t- || j || d-, -j- || j || s || n<br />
|}<br />
<sup>1</sup>Before o.<br><sup>2</sup>Before i.<br />
==Pronouns==<br />
Pele Potseghos reconstructs following pronouns for Proto Koabi:<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
| I || kio || we || kii<br />
|-<br />
| thou || bia || you || bie<br />
|}<br />
==Proto-language==<br />
{{Infobox proto-language<br />
| creator = Chuvachok1234<br />
| name = Proto-Koabi <br />
| target = Koabi languages<br />
}}<br />
Proto-Koabi basic vocabulary, reconstructed by Pele Potseghos:<br />
{| class="wikitable<br />
! Meaning !! Proto Koabi<br />
|-<br />
| person || *taa<br />
|-<br />
| animal || *eo<br />
|-<br />
| to see, to watch || *oami<br />
|-<br />
| to speak || *baoi<br />
|-<br />
| to know || *bato<br />
|-<br />
|to like || *jeti<br />
|-<br />
| to love || *poite<br />
|-<br />
| to find, to catch || *kajo<br />
|-<br />
| to want || *tiei<br />
|-<br />
| to need || *bobi<br />
|-<br />
| to kill, to destroy || *oki<br />
|-<br />
| meat || *ajota<br />
|-<br />
| fish || *pai<br />
|-<br />
| food || *nii<br />
|}<br />
[[Category:Language_families]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Contionary:*qatu&diff=320077
Contionary:*qatu
2023-07-27T08:26:29Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Reconstructed|Proto-Mittaali}}<br />
{{Reconstructed|Proto-Juandu-Vyns}}<br />
==Proto-Mittaali==<br />
===Pronounciation===<br />
(Proto-Mittaali) [[IPA]]: /ˈqa.tu/<br />
===Noun===<br />
'''qatu'''<br />
# person<br />
===Descendants===<br />
*[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]]: [[Contionary:*kutu|*kutu]]<br />
**[[Old Ynju]]: [[Contionary:kudu|kudu]]<br />
***[[Ynju]]: [[Contionary:kuju|kuju]]<br />
***[[Mitaal]]: [[Contionary:kud|kud]]<br />
**[[Proto-Macro-Wenth]]: [[Contionary:*kuθ|*kuθ]]<br />
***[[Wenth]]: [[Contionary:koth|koth]]<br />
****[[Proto-Wĩs-Miter]]: [[Contionary:*kus|*kus]]<br />
*****[[Wĩs]]: [[Contionary:kus|kus]]<br />
*****[[Miter]]: [[Contionary:kuu|kuu]]<br />
*[[Proto-Juandu-Vyns]]: [[Contionary:*qatu|*qatu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Widu-Juandu]]: [[Contionary:*xatu|*xatu]]<br />
***[[Widu]]: [[Contionary:atu|atu]]<br />
***[[Proto-Juandu-Meppexe]]: [[Contionary:*hadu|*hadu]]<br />
****[[Juandu]]: [[Contionary:hadu|hadu]]<br />
****[[Meppexe]]: [[Contionary:*hadhe|*hadhe]]<br />
**[[Proto-Macro-Vyns]]: [[Contionary:*kaθu|*kaθu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Mifaji-Winthu]]: [[Contionary:*kaθu|*kaθu]]<br />
**[[Mifaji]]: [[Contionary:kaθu|kaθu]]<br />
**[[Winthu-Helhi]]: [[Contionary:kaθu|kaθu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Vyns-Vizo]]: [[Contionary:*koso|*koso]]<br />
**[[Vyns]]: [[Contionary:kos|kos]]<br />
**[[Vizo]]: [[Contionary:koso|koso]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Proto-Mittaali lemmas]] [[Category:Proto-Mittaali Nouns]] [[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns lemmas]] [[Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns Nouns]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns_lemmas&diff=320076
Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns lemmas
2023-07-27T08:25:21Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created page with "Category:Contionary"</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Contionary]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns_Nouns&diff=320075
Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns Nouns
2023-07-27T08:25:05Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: Created page with "Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns lemmas"</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Proto-Juandu-Vyns lemmas]]</div>
Chuvachok1234
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Contionary:*qatu&diff=320074
Contionary:*qatu
2023-07-27T08:22:48Z
<p>Chuvachok1234: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Reconstructed|Proto-Mittaali}}<br />
{{Reconstructed|Proto-Juandu-Vyns}}<br />
==Proto-Mittaali==<br />
===Pronounciation===<br />
(Proto-Mittaali) [[IPA]]: /ˈqa.tu/<br />
===Noun===<br />
'''qatu'''<br />
# person<br />
===Descendants===<br />
*[[Proto-Ynju-Wenth]]: [[Contionary:*kutu|*kutu]]<br />
**[[Old Ynju]]: [[Contionary:kudu|kudu]]<br />
***[[Ynju]]: [[Contionary:kuju|kuju]]<br />
***[[Mitaal]]: [[Contionary:kud|kud]]<br />
**[[Proto-Macro-Wenth]]: [[Contionary:*kuθ|*kuθ]]<br />
***[[Wenth]]: [[Contionary:koth|koth]]<br />
****[[Proto-Wĩs-Miter]]: [[Contionary:*kus|*kus]]<br />
*****[[Wĩs]]: [[Contionary:kus|kus]]<br />
*****[[Miter]]: [[Contionary:kuu|kuu]]<br />
*[[Proto-Juandu-Vyns]]: [[Contionary:*qatu|*qatu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Widu-Juandu]]: [[Contionary:*xatu|*xatu]]<br />
***[[Widu]]: [[Contionary:atu|atu]]<br />
***[[Proto-Juandu-Meppexe]]: [[Contionary:*hadu|*hadu]]<br />
****[[Juandu]]: [[Contionary:hadu|hadu]]<br />
****[[Meppexe]]: [[Contionary:*hadhe|*hadhe]]<br />
**[[Proto-Macro-Vyns]]: [[Contionary:*kaθu|*kaθu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Mifaji-Winthu]]: [[Contionary:*kaθu|*kaθu]]<br />
**[[Mifaji]]: [[Contionary:kaθu|kaθu]]<br />
**[[Winthu-Helhi]]: [[Contionary:kaθu|kaθu]]<br />
**[[Proto-Vyns-Vizo]]: [[Contionary:*koso|*koso]]<br />
**[[Vyns]]: [[Contionary:kos|kos]]<br />
**[[Vizo]]: [[Contionary:koso|koso]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Proto-Mittaali lemmas]] [[Category:Proto-Mittaali Nouns]] [[Category:Contionary]]</div>
Chuvachok1234